基于“悬链线”的可降阶方程的教学设计

为有效进行可降阶微分方程的教学,本文从微分方程的发展历史出发,创设问题情境,引入"悬链线与抛物线"问题,通过受力分析建立数学模型,引出悬链线方程与可降阶微分方程的求解.并利用微分学中的泰勒公式,巧妙地释疑了"悬链线与抛物线的混淆"问题.整个过程易于激发学生的学习兴趣,有助于提高学生分析问题解决问题的数学能力.     

悬链线弛垂度的计算方法

分两种情况讨论了悬链线弛垂度的计算方法 .     

关于欧氏空间中旋转对称的极小超曲面

本文给出高维欧氏空间中具有旋转对称性的所有的极小超曲面,它们是三维欧氏空间中悬链面的自然推广.但是,与古典的悬链面有很大不同之处是,每一个广义的悬链面都被夹在两个平行的超平面之间,并渐近于这两个平面.     

悬链线模型在系泊系统设计中的应用--2016年全国大学生数学建模竞赛A题解答评述

通过力和力矩的平衡、悬链线方程等给出2016年全国大学生数学建模竞赛A题的一种解答,并对学生答卷的不同方法和结果进行简单的点评。     

一类可降阶高阶微分方程的教学设计

给出针对一类可降阶高阶微分方程的一种教学设计.以趣味故事作为实例引入,得出悬链线所满足的一类高阶微分方程,找出通用的求解方法对其求解.使学生对求解方法印象深刻,并对微分方程的应用有一个初步的了解.在教学过程中,步步引导,全程既具有趣味性又具有启发性.     

双曲空间中旋转对称的极小超曲面

本文给出了双曲空间Hⁿ中旋转对称的极小超曲面的微分方程,对这类超曲面进行了分类,它们是Hⁿ中的超平面或广义悬链面,而每个广义悬链面被夹在两个平行的超平面之间,且以这两个超平面为渐近平面.     

基于模拟退火算法的SALM系泊系统的数学建模与设计

此问题来源于2016年全国数模竞赛A题.单锚腿系泊系统是系泊系统的一种,是近浅海观测网的重要组成环节,具有十分重要的研究价值.本文主要针对单锚腿系泊系统进行数学建模与设计.通过力学平衡分析、"悬链线方程"思想及逐步搜索法建立单锚腿系泊系统状态确定模型,采用模拟退火算法进行多目标规划,以获得最优的单锚腿系泊系统设计方案,最终实现该系统参数设计的自动化.     

求拋物綫及悬鏈綫长度的簡便方法

拋物线和悬链线是工程技术中常用的曲线(比如桥梁的拱轴线),这两种曲线的长度可用定积分求得,但计算较为复杂。本文根据工程技术的已知条件推导计算它们长度的近似公式。 (一)求抛物綫长度的近似公式图1所示为一拋物线,端点A及B关于O_y轴对称。已知f为拋物线拱高,L为拋物线拱跨径。由解析几何可知,拋物线方程为:x~2=2P_y。当x=L/2时,     

大型射电望远镜馈源体轨迹跟踪系统的力学分析

给出了悬挂重物的悬索系统悬链线的曲线方程及其受力分析,在此基础上,运用作复合运动的刚体的运动学和动力学的方法,对大型射电望远镜的馈源系统进行了力学分析及馈源体轨迹跟踪运动的控制研究,给出了控制馈源体轨迹跟踪运动的方法及步骤．算例验证了理论及方法的正确性、可行性．     

强极大TAF代数的交不可约D-模

本文研究了强极大TAF代数的交不可约D-模的有关性质.利用矩阵单元链的方法,证明了全上三角矩阵代数中任一D-模等于包含它的所有交不可约D-模的交,建立了强极大TAF代数的交不可约D-模与矩阵单元链之间的对应关系,推广了强极大TAF代数中关于理想的若干性质.     

Rail-bridge coupling element of unequal lengths for analysing train-track-bridge interaction systems

This paper presents a rail-bridge coupling element of unequal lengths, in which the length of a bridge element is longer than that of a rail element, to investigate the dynamic problem of train-track-bridge interaction systems. The equation of motion in matrix form is given for a train-track-bridge interaction system with the proposed element. The first two numerical examples with two types of bridge models are chosen to illustrate the application of the proposed element. The results show that, for the same length of rail element, (1) the dynamic responses of train, track and bridge obtained by the proposed element are almost identical to those obtained by the rail-bridge coupling element of equal length, and (2) compared with the rail-bridge coupling element of equal length, the proposed element can help to save computer time. Furthermore, the influence of the length of rail element on the dynamic responses of rail is significant. However, the influence of the length of rail element on the dynamic responses of bridge is insignificant. Therefore, the proposed element with a shorter rail element and a longer bridge element may be adopted to study the dynamic responses of a train-track-bridge interaction system. The last numerical example is to investigate the effects of two types of track models on the dynamic responses of vehicle, rail and bridge. The results show that: (1) there are differences of the dynamic responses of vehicle, rail and bridge based on the single-layer and double-layer track models, (2) the maximum differences increase with the increase of the mass of sleeper, (3) the double-layer track model is more accurate.     

半导体器件瞬态模拟的对称正定混合元方法

提出具有对称正定特性的混合元格式求解非稳态半导体器件瞬态模拟问题。提出一个最小二乘混合元方法、一个新的具有分裂和对称正定性质的混合元格式和一个解经典混合元方程的对称正定失窃工格式求解电场位势和电场强度方程;提出一个最小二乘混合元格式求解关于电子与空穴浓度的非稳态对流扩散方程,浓度函数和流函数被同时求解;采用标准的有限元方法求解热传导方程。建立了误差分析理论。     

On Characterizations of Special Elements in Rings with Involution

Let $R$ be a ring with involution. It is well-known that an EP element in $R$ is a core invertible element, but the question when a core invertible element is an EP element, the authors answer in this paper. Several new characterizations of star-core, normal and Hermitian elements in $R$ are also presented.     

非定常对流扩散问题的非协调局部投影有限元方法

本文将近年来基于协调有限元逼近提出的涡旋粘性法推广应用到非协调有限元逼近,对非定常的对流占优扩散问题,空间采用非协调Crouzeix-Raviart元逼近,时间用Crank-Nicolson差分离散格式,提出了Crank-Nicolson差分-局部投影法稳定化有限元格式,我们对稳定性和误差估计给出了详细的分析,得出了最...     

Infinite Groups with an Anticentral Element

An element of a group is called anticentral if the conjugacy class of that element is equal to the coset of the commutator subgroup containing that element. A group is called Camina group if every element outside the commutator subgroup is anticentral. In this paper, we investigate the structure of locally finite groups with an anticentral element. Moreover, we construct some non-periodic examples of Camina groups, which are not locally solvable.     

A stabilized mixed formulation for finite strain deformation for low-order tetrahedral solid elements

A stabilized mixed finite element formulation for four-noded tetrahedral elements is introduced for robustly solving small and large deformation problems. The uniqueness of the formulation lies within the fact that it is general in that it can be applied to any type of material model without requiring specialized geometric or material parameters. To overcome the problem of volumetric locking, a mixed element formulation that utilizes linear displacement and pressure fields was implemented. The stabilization is provided by enhancing the rate of deformation tensor with a term derived using a bubble function approach. The element was implemented through a user-programmable element of the commercial finite element software ANSYS. Using the ANSYS platform, the performance of the element was evaluated by comparing the predicted results with those obtained using mixed quadratic tetrahedral elements and hexahedral elements with a B-bar formulation. Based on the quality of the results, the new element formulation shows significant potential for use in simulating complex engineering processes.     

Fourteen-Node Mixed Stiffness Element and Its Computational Comparisons with Twenty-Node Isoparametric Element

In this paper, a family of 3-dimensional elements different from isoparametric serendipity is developed according to the variational principle and the convergence criteria of the mixed stiffness finite element method. For the new family, which is named mixed stiffness elements, the number of nodes on the quadratic element is not 20 but 14. Theoretical analysis and various computational comparisons have found the mixed stiffness element superior over the isoparametric serendipity element, especially a substantial improvement in computational efficiency can be achieved by replacing the 20 node-isoparametric element with the 14-node mixed stiffness element.     

一族新的三维体元——混合刚度有限元

对于三维连续介质的有限元分析,一个通用的二次有限单元体是所谓20节点等参元.尽管这个元素已富有成效地被普遍应用,但是,它需要的节点自由度太多与其达到的二次多项式的逼近精度却十分不相称,显得计算效率很低.基于混合刚度有限元法的一     

A wavelet-based stochastic finite element method of thin plate bending

A wavelet-based stochastic finite element method is presented for the bending analysis of thin plates. The wavelet scaling functions of spline wavelets are selected to construct the displacement interpolation functions of a rectangular thin plate element and the displacement shape functions are expressed by the spline wavelets. A new wavelet-based finite element formulation of thin plate bending is developed by using the virtual work principle. A wavelet-based stochastic finite element method that combines the proposed wavelet-based finite element method with Monte Carlo method is further formulated. With the aid of the wavelet-based stochastic finite element method, the present paper can deal with the problem of thin plate response variability resulting from the spatial variability of the material properties when it is subjected to static loads of uncertain nature. Numerical examples of thin plate bending have demonstrated that the proposed wavelet-based stochastic finite element method can achieve a high numerical accuracy and converges fast.     

High accuracy nonconforming finite elements for fourth order problems

The approach of nonconforming finite element method admits users to solve the partial differential equations with lower complexity,but the accuracy is usually low.In this paper,we present a family of highaccuracy nonconforming finite element methods for fourth order problems in arbitrary dimensions.The finite element methods are given in a unified way with respect to the dimension.This is an effort to reveal the balance between the accuracy and the complexity of finite element methods.