不同化学溶液下砂岩I型断裂韧度及其强度参数相关性的试验研究

本文通过长期浸泡的方法,以陕西铜川新区龙潭水库典型的库岸边坡的砂岩为研究对象,研究了浸泡在不同化学溶液下砂岩的力学特性及其损伤劣化机制,分析了经不同化学溶液腐蚀后试样的物理力学特性随化学腐蚀时间的劣化规律。研究发现：化学腐蚀后砂岩的物理力学特性均发生不同程度的劣化,其随化学腐蚀时间的劣化规律基本一致;但不同化学溶液下试样物理力学特性的劣化程度有所差异,酸性溶液（pH=3.0）加剧了砂岩的劣化程度,中性化学溶液对其损伤劣化程度也有一定的影响,试验初期,强碱性溶液下砂岩的劣化程度最小,但随着化学腐蚀时间的加长,强碱性溶液下的劣化程度逐渐加剧,大于中性溶液下的,但仍小于酸性溶液。化学腐蚀后砂岩试样均呈现出明显的弱化趋势,其断裂韧度KIC、抗压强度和抗拉强度的劣化程度显著,但各力学特征的劣化程度存在明显的差异,其中抗压强度的劣化程度相对减小,而其KIC的劣化程度较大;同时,化学腐蚀后砂岩的断裂韧度与抗拉强度、抗压强度间的一致性比较明显,存在明显线性关系。可以利用不同化学溶液下砂岩的裂纹扩展半径r来间接说明其力学特征发生损伤劣化的程度。     

不同化学溶液下砂岩Ⅰ型断裂韧度及其强度参数相关性的试验研究

论文通过长期浸泡的方法,以陕西铜川新区龙潭水库典型的库岸边坡的砂岩为研究对象,研究了浸泡在不同化学溶液下砂岩的力学特性及其损伤劣化机制,分析了经不同化学溶液腐蚀后试样的物理力学特性随化学腐蚀时间的劣化规律.研究发现:化学腐蚀后砂岩的物理力学特性均发生不同程度的劣化,其随化学腐蚀时间的劣化规律基本一致;但不同化学溶液下试样物理力学特性的劣化程度有所差异,酸性溶液(pH=3.0)加剧了砂岩的劣化程度,中性化学溶液对其损伤劣化程度也有一定的影响,试验初期,强碱性溶液下砂岩的劣化程度最小,但随着化学腐蚀时间的加长,强碱性溶液下的劣化程度逐渐加剧,大于中性溶液下的,但仍小于酸性溶液.化学腐蚀后砂岩试样均呈现出明显的弱化趋势,其断裂韧度KIC、抗压强度和抗拉强度的劣化程度显著,但各力学特征的劣化程度存在明显的差异,其中抗压强度的劣化程度相对减小,而其KIC的劣化程度较大;同时,化学腐蚀后砂岩的断裂韧度与抗拉强度、抗压强度间的一致性比较明显,存在明显线性关系.可以利用不同化学溶液下砂岩的裂纹扩展半径r来间接说明其力学特征发生损伤劣化的程度.     

不同化学腐蚀下砂岩冻融力学特性劣化的试验研究

通过研究砂岩试样在酸性Na2SO4溶液、中性Na2SO4溶液和碱性NaOH溶液中浸泡并经历冻融作用后的物理力学特征,分析了砂岩在不同化学溶液中腐蚀30d后及再经历不同冻融循环次数作用后其物理力学特征的变化规律,同时,借助于体视显微镜和SEM扫描电镜对试样微细观结构的损伤劣化进行了观察,并基于孔隙率的变化建立损伤变量来定量的描述试样的损伤劣化程度。试验结果表明：随着冻融循环次数的增加,浸泡在不同化学溶液中砂岩试样的峰值强度及其弹性模量均呈现出指数函数的劣化趋势,而其峰值应变却按指数函数的趋势增加。不同化学溶液下砂岩试样的损伤程度随着冻融循环次数的增加而逐渐加剧,酸性溶液下试样的损伤程度大于中性溶液和碱性溶液下的损伤程度,碱性化学溶液下试样的冻融损伤程度最小。酸性溶液加剧了冻融作用下砂岩试样的损伤劣化程度,而中性至碱性溶液下起冻融损伤程度却得到一定的缓解。化学腐蚀作用与冻融循环作用相互促进、共同影响着砂岩试样的损伤劣化程度。     

高温和饱水条件下砂岩的抗剪强度与Ⅱ型断裂韧度的相关性

岩石的抗剪强度与断裂韧度会明显受到温度及湿度变化的影响,由于剪切破环和Ⅱ型断裂破环都与剪切相关,因此二者可能具有一定的相关性.基于此,对无处理、100℃加热、200℃加热以及饱水状态下的砂岩试样进行了直剪实验和巴西圆盘断裂实验,测定了在不同处理条件下试件的抗剪强度参数和Ⅱ型断裂韧度,并对二者的相关性进行了讨论.实验结果...     

A study on deformation characteristic of ultra high strength steel and its fracture

A new shape on the load and elongation curve of ultra high strength structural steel in tension is measured by means of the advanced physical methods. A method of calculating true stresstrue strain is found in accordance with the whole load-elongation curve. The calculation results show that during the period of deformation, whetner prior to or after the maximum load, all are staged power hardening. The method of calculating hardening in dex is finally studied for discussion.The Iron and Steel Research Institute of the Anshan Iron and Steel Comapny     

Experimental and numerical investigation of concrete properties effects on fracture toughness under complex loading

Abstract

This article is presenting the common experimental specimen for determining the fracture toughness of the first pure mode and second pure mode. The Notched beam is chosen from a presented common specimen in the form of three-point flexure beam and four-point flexure beam that were built in the concrete laboratory. For prevention of cracks growth, a critical load of first pure mode and the second pure mode of each specimen computed. Obtained results are used for computing the fracture toughness. For the purpose of investigating the effective fracture parameters in the suggested specimen, finite element analysis on the mentioned geometry is performed. Obtained results show that different parameters are effective on the fracture toughness including crack length, cement percentage, water and the thickness of biggest used aggregate in the sand. Also with changing each of these parameters, the fracture mechanic properties are changed. Each of these effects is examined separately in this article and the conclusions presented in tables and figures.

Communicated by Dumitru Caruntu.     

丙烯酸盐喷膜防水材料在酸碱浸润和冻融循环条件下的耐久性试验分析

丙烯酸盐喷膜防水材料在酸碱溶液浸润和冻融条件下的耐久性能是该类材料在工程应用中较难回避的实际问题,论文采用酸性介质(0.2%的H2SO4溶液)和碱性介质(0.1%NaOH+饱和Ca(OH)2溶液)对该材料进行饱和浸泡并进行冻融循环后,研究了该材料的吸水性、断裂拉伸强度和拉断伸长率的变化规律。试验结果表明:喷膜防水材料在侵蚀-冻融循环作用下,其拉断伸长率和断裂拉伸强度显著降低,且酸性介质对材料拉伸性能的影响较大;材料耐低温冰冻能力较强,耐高温能力较差。反映出丙烯酸盐喷膜防水材料在低温冰冻和碱性介质中耐久性较好,不建议在高温和酸性介质条件下使用。     

Dynamic fracture toughness of high strength metals under impact loading: increase or decrease

An elusive phenomenon is observed in previous investigations on dynamic fracture that the dynamic fracture toughness(DFT) of high strength metals always increases with the loading rate on the order of TPa.m 1 /2.s 1.For the purpose of verification,variation of DFT with the loading rate for two high strength steels commonly used in the aviation industry,30CrMnSiA and 40Cr,is studied in this work.Results of the experiments are compared,which were conducted on the modified split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) apparatus,with striker velocities ranging from 9.2 to 24.1 m/s and a constant value of 16.3 m/s for 30CrMnSiA and 40Cr,respectively.It is observed that for 30CrMnSiA,the crack tip loading rate increases with the increase of the striker velocity,while the fracture initiation time and the DFT simultaneously decrease.However,in the tests of 40Cr,there is also an increasing tendency of DFT,similar to other reports.Through an in-depth investigation on the relationship between the dynamic stress intensity factor(DSIF) and the loading rate,it is concluded that the generally increasing tendency in previous studies could be false,which is induced from a limited striker velocity domain and the errors existing in the experimental and numerical processes.To disclose the real dependency of DFT on the loading rate,experiments need to be performed in a comparatively large striker velocity range.     

Brittle fracture: Variation of fracture toughness with constraint and crack curving under mode I conditions

The effect of constraint on brittle fracture of solids under predominantly elastic deformation and mode I loading conditions is studied. Using different cracked specimen geometry, the variation of constraint is achieved in this work. Fracture tests of polymethyl methacrylate were performed using single edge notch, compact tension and double cantilever beam specimens to cover a bread range of constraint. The test data demonstrate that the apparent fracture toughness of the material varies with the specimen geometry or the constraint level. Theory is developed using the critical stress (strain) as the fracture criterion to show that this variation can be interpreted using the critical stress intensity factorK _Cand a second parameterT orA ₃,whereT andA ₃are the amplitudes of the second and the third term in the Williams series solution, respectively. The implication of this constraint effect to the ASTM fracture toughness value, crack tip opening displacement fracture criterion and energy release rateG _Cis discussed. Using the same critical stress (strain) as the fracture criterion, the theory further predicts crack curving or instability under mode I loading conditions. Experimental data are presented and compared with the theory.     

Probability distribution of fracture elongation,strength and toughness of notched rectangular blocks with lognormal Young's modulus

We find analytical approximations to the probability distribution of fracture properties of one-dimensional rods and thin two-dimensional plates when Young’s modulus varies spatially as an isotropic lognormal field. The properties considered are the elongation, strength, and toughness modulus at fracture initiation and at ultimate failure. This is an extension of a previous study that, under the same conditions, dealt with the distribution of the bulk elastic moduli (Dimas et al., 2015). For all quantities at fracture initiation our approach is analytical in 1D and semi-analytical in 2D. For ultimate failure, we quantify the random effects of fracture propagation and crack arrest by fitting regression models to simulation data and combine the regressions with the distributions at fracture initiation. The results are validated through a series of Monte Carlo simulations. Through parametric analysis, we gain insight into the strengthening/weakening roles of the Euclidean dimension and size of the specimen and the variance and correlation function of the log-modulus field.     

高径比对砂岩单轴压缩声发射特性的影响研究

岩石尺寸效应对声发射特性的影响对于利用声发射技术监测岩石失稳破坏具有重要的实践意义.本文选择不同高径比的长石细砂岩试样开展单轴压缩声发射试验,探讨尺寸效应对岩石声发射事件数、振铃计数、峰值频率等声发射特性参数的影响.研究结果表明:根据岩石试件撞击数的增长速率,将试件破坏阶段分为突变期、平静期、爆发期三个阶段,随着岩石试...