溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2/玻璃膜和光催化降解玫瑰红B的研究

以Ti(OC4H9)4为原料采用溶胶－凝胶法制备了纳米TiO2／玻璃薄膜光催化剂，用X射线衍射法对催化剂的物相、粒径进行了表征。结果表明，薄膜中TiO2为锐钛矿晶型，粒径15－25nm。用X射线光电子能谱法分析膜的化学组成。磨擦学实验表明，TiO2／玻璃膜具有良好的减磨和抗磨性能。水中染料玫瑰红B的光催化氧化降解实验结果表明，TiO2膜对玫瑰红B玫解有很高的催化活性，其降解反应对时间和浓度均为一级反应，反应速率可用Langmuir-Hinshelwood方程描述。     

溶胶—凝胶法制备NiO／SiO2催化剂研究

分别以正硅酸乙酯、硝酸镍为硅源和镍源,采用溶胶－凝胶法,经超临界流体干燥和普通干燥制备了NiO-A-SiO2、NiO-G-SiO2催化剂;以气凝胶和干凝胶为载体,采用浸渍法制备了NiO/A-SiO2、NiO/G-SiO2催化剂。并用XRD、TEM、BET、TPR等手段,研究了制备方法对催化剂织构、结构和Ni物种存在形态的影响,发现NiO-A-SiO2和NiO-G-SiO2催化剂上高度分散的NiO簇团与SiO2之间有较强的相互作用,其顺酐液相选择加氢转化率低于10％;NiO/G-SiO2催化剂上,以单一物种形态存在的NiO与SiO2相互作用弱,顺酐转化率为42％;NiO/A-SiO2催化剂上,以多种形态存在的微量NiO与SiO2间的相互作用较复杂,其顺酐液相选择加氢的转化率和丁二酸酐的选择性分别可达100％和98％。     

TiO2/活性炭负载型光催化剂的溶胶-凝胶法合成及表征

以钛酸四丁酯为钛源,采用溶胶-凝胶法在多孔活性炭(AC)表面合成TiO2前驱体,在氮气保护下程序升温处理制得TiO2/AC负载型光催化剂.采用X射线衍射、漫反射光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电镜、能量色散谱和低温液氮吸附等对光催化剂晶相结构、光谱特征及表面结构进行了表征.结果表明,AC可提高TiO2分散性能,降低TiO2团聚体的尺寸,并抑制其由锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变.TiO2与AC接触界面处有Ti-O-C键生成.另外,AC的含量对TiO2的能阈结构和晶粒大小影响不大.苯酚溶液的光催化降解测试结果表明,AC负载可为TiO2提供高浓度反应环境,适宜量的负载可显著提高TiO2对有机稀溶液的光催化降解活性.对于50mg/L苯酚的光催化降解,AC的质量分数分别为5%,9%和11%时催化剂协同系数分别为1.1,1.5和1.3.循环使用7次后,AC含量为9%的催化剂对苯酚的降解率仍达95.84%.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备薄膜型TiO2光催化剂

用TiCl4作原料,通过溶胶-凝胶法在单晶硅基片上制备了TiO2纳米薄膜,并用XRD,AES,XPS以及紫外反射光谱等手段,对TiO2薄膜的结构进行了研究.结果发现,TiO2薄膜以锐钛矿型晶相存在.TiO2薄膜层与硅衬底间无明显的界面扩散反应.掺杂的Pd在还原前的薄膜中以氧化态存在,还原后则以高分散的金属态存在.掺杂的Pt在还原前后均以金属态存在,但还原后产生颗粒聚集.掺杂Pd的TiO2薄膜经还原后,其紫外吸收强度明显提高,主吸收峰发生红移.     

溶胶—凝胶法制备超细SiO2

ＳｉＯ２气凝胶超细粉由ＴＥＯＳ（正硅酸乙酯）在乙醇溶液中水解聚合后经超临界流体干燥（ＳＣＦＤ）制得。本文考察了ＴＥＯＳ的浓度、水和ＴＥＯＳ护林经以及焙烧温度对超细分织构性能的影响。结果表明，超细ＳｉＯ２的比表面积、总孔容、孔分布、最可几孔径及表观堆密度均随制备参数而改变。而以ＳｉＯ２气凝胶超细粉估为基本载体材料的Ｃｏ／ＺｒＯ２－ＳｉＯ２催化剂显示出高的ＣＯ＋Ｈ２合成重质烃的活性和选择性。     

新颖的玻璃制备方法—溶胶—凝胶法

长期以来,玻璃和光学纤维玻璃的制备几乎都是使用熔融—冷却法。这种方法不仅需要昂贵的生产设备,而且难以得到高纯度和高均匀度的材料。尤其是对于一些具有特殊结构和高熔点的玻璃材料,熔融—冷却法往往无能为力。     

溶胶凝胶法制氧化铝负载铜基超细粒子催化剂的研究

采用溶胶凝胶法制氧化铝负载铜基超细粒子催化剂的制备了氧化铝负载的铜基超细粒子催化剂，用ＴＧ－ＤＴＡ，ＸＲＤ，ＢＥＴ以及ＴＥＭ等技术手段，对催化剂的物相结构，表面孔结构，粒子形貌以及催化性能等进行了研究。结果表明，利用溶胶凝胶法，可以直接帛备出高比表面积，低堆积密度的纤维状纳米级负载型Ｃｕ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３超细粒子；活性组分以远低于纳米级的微晶粒子簇状态，均匀地分散在纳米级氧化铝载体表面上，而且在低于５０     

辐照聚苯乙烯溶胶性质的SEC—LALLS法研究

聚苯乙烯是一种耐辐照的通用高分子材料。用其它方法来表征其微观反应参量,辐照剂量需要很大,周期长,而用SEC-LALLS法,则仅需凝胶点前知识,相应需要时间短,有关这方面的研究工作还未见文献详细报导。     

负载型TiO2-聚酰亚胺亲水复合膜的制备与分离性能

采用溶解－流涎法，湿相转换法和干湿相转换法制轩了负载型ＴｉＯ２－聚酰亚胺亲水复合膜，采用扫描电镜，红外光谱，压汞和透气性实验等手段对该膜的孔径分布，表面结构及扩散性能进行了表征，并讨论了制备亲水对膜孔结构的影响，实验结果表明，三种膜均具有很好的亲水性能，而干湿相转换膜具有良好的孔径分布和分离性能。     

TiO2负载非晶态合金NiB催化剂的制备、表征及HDS动力学研究

用等体积浸渍－还原法制备了负载型的ＮｉＢ／ＴｉＯ２（Ｂ／Ｎｉ＝５：１摩尔比）非晶态合金,并在相同条件下制备了ＮｉＢ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３（Ｂ／Ｎｉ＝５：１摩尔比）与之对照。用ＸＲＤ,ＳＥＭ和ＴＥＭ等表征方法比较了样品的非晶性质,在脉冲反色谱装置上以噻吩的ＨＤＳ反应为探针测定了ＮｉＢ／ＴｉＯ２、ＮｉＢ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３的反应活性,进行了动力学研究。结果证明,ＮｉＢ／ＴｉＯ２的低温活性远高于ＮｉＢ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３,其原因     

酒石酸溶胶-凝胶法制备ZnFe_2O_4纳米材料

20世纪 80年代中期发展起来的纳米材料 ,使材料的超塑性、强度大为提高。对材料的电学、热学、磁学、光学性质产生了重要影响 ,为材料的利用开拓了一个崭新的领域 ,已成为世界各国研究开发的重点之一[1 ,2 ] 。纳米材料采用传统的机械方法是难以制得的。近年来 ,有关制备方法报道较多 ,包括物理法(蒸汽冷凝法、爆炸法、离子溅射法、机械研磨法、低温等离子体法等 )、化学法 (水热法、水解法、熔融法等 )、综合法 (等离子加强化学沉淀法ＰＥＣＶＤ、激光诱导化学沉积法ＬＩＣＶＤ等 )。某些方法颇具特色 ,但能够实用化批量生产的方法则很少[3…     

负载型Pt-TiO2光催化剂的研究

TiO2粉末悬浮体系是一种研究比较早的光催化反应体系[1,2].由于它存在易凝聚和难回收等缺点,给实际应用带来了一定的困难.克服这一障碍的有效途径是制备负载型TiO2[3].所以,这些年来人们对负载型TiO2光催化体系颇有兴趣.从目前的文献报道来看,制备负载型TiO2的方法主要是溶胶法[4].采用溶胶法可在导体或非导体的基体上获得结合牢固、尺寸分布均匀的薄膜,但是膜的催化活性有待于提高.     

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PVDF-HFP MICROPOROUS MEMBRANE BY TEMPLATE METHOD

Porous poly（vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene） （PVDF-HFP） membranes were successfully prepared using dibutyl phthalate （DBP）, polyvinylpyrrolidone （PVP-K30）, polyethylene glycol 200 （PEG200） as templates. SEM was used to examine the morphology of the PVDF-HFP porous membranes. It was found that these membranes have an asymmetric structure and the blends of PVDF-HFP/DBP formed nanoporous membranes, whereas the blends of PVDF- HFP/PVP-K30 formed ＂sponge-like＂ and microporous membranes. Moreover, the average pore size and porosity was about 0.3 μm and 48.7%, respectively. The crystallinity, thermal stability and mechanical strength of membranes were characterized by XRD, DSC, TGA and stress-strain tests. The results showed that the membranes are a crystals with excellent thermal stability. It was an effective way to regulate pore size and morphology of the PVDF-HFP membranes.     

TiO2薄膜光催化降解4-(2-吡啶偶氮)间苯二酚的研究

为了探索有机物４－（２－吡啶偶氮）间苯二酚（ＰＡＲ）,在固定光催化剂上的降解行为,采用溶胶一凝胶法,在玻璃表面制得均匀透明的纳米ＴｉＯ２薄膜,并以其作光催化剂,在２５４ｎｍ紫外光照射下,进行ＰＡＲ水溶液的光催化降解研究。研究了ＰＡＲ光催化降解率与溶液ｐＨ值、ＰＡＲ初始浓度、助催化剂（Ｈ２Ｏ２）浓度和不同光照条件的变化关系,得出了ＴｉＯ２薄膜的光催化降解ＰＡＲ的有利条件。     

STUDY ON APPLICATION OF POTASSIUM TITANATE WHISKER MATERIALS IN PREPARATION OF PHOTOCATALYST

The K2Ti4O9 whiskers were chosen for the catalyst carrier, TiO2/potassium titanate photocatalyst was prepared by Sol-gel method The product was characterated by X-ray diffraction and SEM. EDS shows that, the main peck included Ti, O, and K in potassium titanate whisker. The main peak of K disappeared and the peaks of Ti, O stayed after whisker was covered It directed that the surface of sample was covered by TiO2. XRD shows that diffraction peak appeared, which was corresponded to the peak of anatase TiO2. In the reaction device of photochemistry, using middle-pressure mercury lamp as illumination, rhodamine B as simulant pollutant, the photocatalytic performance of TiO2/potassium titanate was studied. Under the same conditions, the lower pH, the larger illuminance, the higher temperature, the greater aeration quantum and the lower initial concentration of rhodamine B, the higher decoloration rate was got. Under our experiment conditions： pH 6, the illuminance of 250W, the temperature of 313K, and the aeration quantum of 2.0L/min. When the concentration of rhodamine B was 8mg/L The photocatalyst of TiO2/potassium titanate was 0.01g/L. The decoloration rate of TiO2/potassium titanate dealt with the rhodamine B reach over 95% in 160min, and compare with TiO2, the decoloration rate of rhodamine B was improved 0.50-1.91 multiple. TiO2/potassium titanate can be used to treatment of dye wastewater.     

PREPARATION OF POLYSULFONAMIDE/TiO2 NANOCOMPOSITES BY SOL-GEL

Polysulfonamide (PSA) was synthesized at room temperature, the polymerization based on terephthaloyl chloride and 3,3 '-diaminodiphenylsulfone in the common solvent N,N -Dimethyl-acetamide (DMAc). Polysulfonamide/titanium oxide nanocomposites were prepared by sol-gel method. Tetrabutyl titanate(TBT) was added into the polysulfonamide solution, at the same time ,some water was mixed to make the TBT hydrolyze. In the process, hydrochloric acid was used to catalyze the reaction. The polysulfonamide chemistry structure was characterized by FT-IR spectrum. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed to observe the microstructure of the composite film. The thermal property was investigated by TGA.The results show that we have succeeded to synthesize the polysulfonamide, TiO2particles were well distributed in the composite film and average size was about 20 nm on average, the heat-resistance of nanocomposite was batter than the pure polysulfonamide.