美国开发出食品保质检测新装置

不久前，美国开发出一种全新的食品保质检测装置，该装置由传感器与传感器与扫描器构成。据悉，传感器的主要材料是铅，包装食品时，将它置于食品匣内。检测时，扫描器对食品发射的无线电波信号会使食品产生振动，同时发出乐谱波。乐谱波先反射到食品盒壁上，后传导给传感器，通过标准数据库标定振动程度、振动传导时间及乐谱波的传导速度，瞬间即可确定所检测食品发生变质的时间。     

食品中化学性有害物的质谱软电离裂解规律及筛查技术研究进展

食品中化学性有害物是导致食品安全问题的重要原因，质谱是对食品中化学性有害物进行定性定量分析的有效方法。该文按照化合物结构类别，综述了食品中重要化学性有害物的质谱软电离裂解机理，包括农药、兽药、真菌毒素，以及其他化学污染物。对于每类化合物，重点综述化合物质谱裂解产生的特征碎片、中性丢失等，以及这些质谱软电离裂解机理在食品中化学性有害物筛查及发现中的应用。研究化合物的质谱裂解机理可以帮助研究者对化合物进行结构解析和结构确证，为食品中同类结构新型化学性有害物的发掘提供理论依据。     

进口日本食品连续发现严重质量安全问题

不久前，从国家质量监督检验检疫总局获悉，浙江、辽宁、上海、湖北等地检验检疫部门陆续从进口日本食品中发现砷、铅、镉、过氧化值超标等严重的质量安全问题。国家质量监督检验检疫总局再次紧急通知，要求各地检验检疫部门对日本输华食品严格把关，坚决把问题食品挡在国门外，确保进出口食品安全。     

中国现有2314种食品添加剂均有检测方法

不久前，有媒体报道称“食品添加剂六成无法检测”，引起社会关注。卫生部有关部门负责人表示，该说法不够准确，和实际情况有出入。目前，中国现有的2314种食品添加剂均有相应的检测方法，对食品添加剂在食品中残留量的检测管理与发达国家基本一致。     

加拿大、法国研制出新功能食品包装膜

加拿大一家公司研制出可测病原菌的食品包装膜，它利用以蛋白为基础的抗体来检测，该包装膜可以检测出沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌、李斯特菌等病原菌，当接触受到污染的食品时，即发生变色反应，从而确定有病菌污染，杜绝食品变质对人类的危害。法国向市场推出了两种使用普通聚氯乙烯(PVC)材料加工而成的新包装薄膜，用它可鉴定被包装食品是否使用转基因原料。     

聚类分析法在食品TE分级中应用研究

用１５种食品的Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｇ含量作分级特征，按聚类分析分级，结果以Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｇ总量均值最低的蕃茄为Ⅰ级；低的白鸡、鲜牛奶、黄瓜、新会柑、罗岗橙为Ⅱ级；高的精面粉、水豆腐、粉丝、牛肉、鸡蛋、鸭蛋、西洋菜、白芽为Ⅲ级；最高的红豆为Ⅳ级．提示膳食中Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｇ含量大于供给量标准时可选Ⅲ、Ⅳ级，小于标准选Ⅰ、Ⅱ级，＝标准选Ⅰ、Ⅲ级食品．据此认为聚类分析法可用于食品分级，对选择食品、制订食谱、营养治疗、食品科研、研制食品配方等均具有实用价值和指导意义。     

国内首家微量元素食品专营商店开业

天方绿源微量元素食品总汇是根据安徽省科学技术协会领导指示精神结合广大消费者对微量元素健康食品日益增长的需要，在安徽省科协和国内多位微量元素专家帮助、支持下开设的国内首家微量元素食品专营商店。主要经营品种包括：     

食品与环境中铅对儿童血铅水平的影响分析

为分析本地儿童血铅水平与食品及生活环境中铅的相关性，探讨降低铅污染因素对儿童身体健康影响的方法，随机抽检了深圳市2000-2001年6大类1568份市售食品的铅含量，测定了本市834名1-6岁儿童的血铅含量，调查了611名儿童食物与生活环境中的铅影响因素。结果表明，6大类共1568份食品中，共有18份食品超标，超标率为1.15%。834名儿童血铅范围在22.0-197.4цg/L之间，均数是90.6цg/L，其中≥100цg/L的为317人，占38.01%。对儿童使用的玩具、生活习惯、食物结构、家庭和幼儿园生活环境等进行多元逐步回归法分析各种可能的铅污染因素，证实食品及儿童生活环境中铅污染与儿童血铅超标有关。揭示深儿童血铅含量超标与食品铅污染以及儿童生活环境中的手-口途径存在密切联系。     

广东建检测中心抽检凉茶

不久前，广东省食品行业协会执行会长张俊修表示，对凉茶行业的监管将会有《凉茶行业标准》，而且将会建立广东南方食品质量检验检测中心。据悉，由广东食品行业协会牵头制定的《广东食品（饮食）文化遗产论证认定管理办法》也将会继续完善。     

新《食品中污染物限量》设定160个限量指标

据中国之声《新闻和报纸摘要》报道，一批与百姓生活息息相关的新规章开始施行，其中新修订的《食品中污染物限量》标准中，原来对硒、铝、氟在食品中的限量要求被删除。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.