一种在双驱动激波管和激波风洞中实现运动激波与头激波斜相互作用的新方法

本文在讨论和分析了国外现有的运动激波与头激波斜相互作用的两大类实验方案的基础上,提出并实现了在双驱动激波管和激波风洞中形成运动激波与头激波斜相互作用的新方法.这种方法不仅可以获得双波(指运动激波与头激波,下同.)斜相互作用所需要的平面的运动激波,而且可以同时得到双波斜相互作用条件下试验模型表面瞬态压力曲线和流场照片.这种方法还可以用于研究在运动激波前有气流情况下,运动激波在尖劈或尖锥表面规则反射(Regular Reflection)与Mach反射(Mach Reflection)之间的转变.在测试技术方面,本文还提出了一种改进方法,用于测量运动激波的激波Mach数.     

血液动力学中血管流激波与驻波的相互作用

血液动力学问题是生物力学心血管系统中的重要研究课题.血管内斑块处,血管截面和血管壁的材质发生变化,对血液流动产生重要影响.血液流动中基本波及其相互作用对探究血液流动的规律、生理学意义及与疾病的关系有着重要的意义.本文研究血液动力学血液流动简化数学模型的基本波的相互作用.血管流模型是3×3非严格双曲型方程组.构造性地得到了初值为三段常状态时,血管流问题的解,即解决了激波与驻波的相互作用问题.特别地,给出四种后前激波与驻波的相互作用的结果.     

位势流方程同类激波与单波的相互作用

本文讨论了空气动力学中，不定常位势流同类激波与单波的相互作用在初等波充分弱的假定下，对同类激波与甲波相互作用时单波与激波互相穿透（若入射单波在激波的超音速一侧）或单波被激波反射（若入射单波在激波的亚音速一侧）的情形给出了解的存在性，并对它们相互作用后的（出射）单波的膨涨或压缩性，进行了详细的讨论；从而获得了二维位势流方程同类激波与单波相互作用的完整的结果．     

Riemann问题和三个激波的相互作用

建立了广义特征分析方法，并应用此方法研究了两维单个守恒律的基本波的相互作用，构造了一类Ｒｉｅｍａｎｎ问题的解。给出了解具有Ｇｕｃｋｅｎｈｅｉｍｅｒ结构的充要条件，此类解不能通过局部地解波相互作用而得到。     

强激波与流-固界面相互作用的数值模拟

1 引言强激波与流-固界面相互作用的数值模拟在实际问题中具有重要的应用,比如水下炸弹爆炸时产生的强大的冲击波对附近的舰船或水下潜艇会造成非常大的破坏,造成舰体严重变形甚至断裂．在此类问题中,界面两边的流体具有完全不同的特性,流体的密度、     

压差方程Chapman-Jouguet燃烧模型爆轰波与激波的相互作用

研究了气体动力学压差方程Chapman-Jouguet(CJ)燃烧模型爆轰波与激波的相互作用.给出了该CJ燃烧模型的几类基本波线:激波线、疏散波线、强爆轰波线和CJ爆轰波线.通过研究该CJ燃烧模型的初值为三片常状态的一类初值问题,并利用相平面分析的方法构造出该问题的整体分片光滑解,得到了压差方程CJ燃烧模型爆轰波与激波相互作用的结果.进一步地,得到了对应燃烧Riemann问题解的初值扰动稳定性.     

变截面管道等熵流驻定波与激波的相互作用

变截面管道等熵流的基本波包括疏散波、激波和驻定波.给出了当管道截面积增加时激波和驻定波的相互作用结果.当激波碰上驻定波时,会穿透驻定波,并且透射出一个反向激波或中心疏散波,或穿透驻定波,并且反射出一个激波或中心疏散波.     

超音速边界层中二维扰动的演化及小激波的产生

通过直接数值模拟的方法,对二维超音速边界层中扰动的演化进行了研究．以某一剖面作为入口,加入T-S波,研究小扰动波逐渐增长的演化过程．发现了扰动非线性演化的特征．探讨了二种判断激波存在的方法,证实了超音速边界层中当扰动达到一定的幅值时会有小激波出现．为建立可压缩流稳定性非线性理论提供一定的依据．     

含灰气体激波沿平壁传播时诱导的边界层流动*

本文研究合灰气体激波沿平直壁面传播过程中在壁面附近形成的层流边界层流动。我们依照双连续介质双向耦合模型处理含灰气体激波的波后流动及其诱导的边界层问题,控制方程采用有限差分方法数值求解,给出了激波下游两相流场特性并考虑了含灰气体激波的松弛结构对边界层流动的影响。     

Dirichlet 型与反射扩散过程

在本文中我们利用 Dirichlet 型理论给出了反射扩散过程的另外一种构造.然后通过下鞅问题解的唯一性结果证明了这种构造与经典构造的等价性.     

Interaction of Weak Shock Waves with Magnetohydrodynamic Boundary Layers

The interaction of weak shock waves with magnetohydrodynamicboundary layers is investigated. An approximate model is usedin which the main stream is supersonic, and the laminar boundarylayer is replaced by a stationary or shear layer in the xy-plane.The inviscid semi-infinite fluid is continuous and perfectly-electricallyconducting. The fluid velocity U(y) varies monotonically fromzero at the non-conducting wall, y = 0, to a supersonic valueat the outer edge of the shear layer where y = , beyond whichthe supersonic velocity remains uniform. In practice, we shallassume that the velocity profile in the region y < is linear;also that the fluid density in the basic flow, and the soundspeed c, are independent of y. A uniform magnetic field, alignedparallel to the free stream at infinity, is assumed to be appliedthroughout the flow field. Perturbations to the flow are assumedto be small so that the governing equations can be linearized.Disturbances to the flow are found to propagate upstream farmore than in the corresponding non-magnetic problem, and anincident compression wave is reflected locally as a compressionwave upstream and an expansion wave downstream of the incidentdisturbance.     

一类奇摄动边值问题的激波解

考虑了一个二阶奇摄动非线性边值问题,利用匹配展开法研究了该问题的激波解,并证明了问题的激波解的一致有效性.     

源于膨胀波边界层理论中的一类奇异边值问题

对源于膨胀波边界层理论中的一类奇异边值问题进行了研究,利用单调逼近方法得到了满足物理意义上正解的存在性和唯一性的充分条件,同时给出了用速度比例参数表示的壁摩擦的估计公式, 利用打靶法技巧得到了问题的数值解.数值结果证明了估计公式的可靠性和有效性.     

An Interaction of a Rarefaction Wave and a Transonic Shock for the Self-Similar Two-Dimensional Nonlinear Wave System

We study a two dimensional Riemann problem for the self-similar nonlinear wave system which gives rise to an interaction of a transonic shock and a rarefaction wave. The interesting feature of this problem is that the governing equation changes its type from supersonic in the far field to subsonic near the origin. The subsonic region is then bounded above by the sonic line (degenerate) and below by the transonic shock (free boundary). Furthermore due to the rarefaction wave in the downstream, which interacts with the transonic shock, the problem becomes inhomogeneous and degenerate. We establish the existence result of the global solution to this configuration, and present analysis to understand the solution structure of this problem.     

A Simple Approximate Solution for the Interaction of a Shock Wave with an Area Change

An approximate solution of the equations for the interactionof a shock with a divergence has been found and used to startan iterative process to obtain the exact solution.     

Boundary Control of Physical Fields in a Piezoceramic Layer Having a Tunnel Hole with a System of Electrodes

An approach to the optimal (from the viewpoint of minimum energy consumption) control of the characteristics of coupled fields is illustrated with the example of an antiplane dynamic problem of electroelasticity for a piezoceramic layer with a tunnel hole. The vibrations in the layer are excited by time-dependent harmonic loads of two types: by the difference of electric potentials applied to a pair of infinitely long electrodes located on the surface of the hole and by shear forces or electric charges continuously distributed on the given sections of the layer base, which are assumed as control actions. The inverse problem is solved by using the solution of the corresponding direct mixed antiplane problem of electroelasticity, with the help of which the optimization problem is reduced to the -problem of moments. The functions of optimal control allowing one, for example, to disconnect the external circuit of the generator of electric voltage are given.     

Numerical Simulation of Detonation Excitation at Shock Wave Interaction with Dust Cloud in Channel

The study of detonation ability of reactive particle gas mixtures is necessary to prevent industrial explosions in industries where dispersed powders are used. The present paper focuses on numerical simulation of the shock wave interaction with semiinfinite aluminum dust cloud, which is situated inside a plane channel. The cloud fills entirely or partly the channel cross‐section and has initially a rectangular shape. The scenarios of detonation initiation in the cloud are determined depending on the incident shock wave amplitude values. The processes of transformation and spreading of finite width clouds under weak incident shock wave action (when the particles do not ignite) are investigated. The types of an oblique shock wave reflection from the plane of symmetry in the cloud are analyzed. The processes of particle ignition and detonation structure formation at strong incident shock wave action are investigated. Nonstationary periodic fuctuations take place in the detonation flow due to transversal wave effect. Nevertheless the detonation structure established propagates in quasistationary regime. If the incident shock wave is attenuated with a rarefaction wave then the detonation formation fails at clouds of insufficient width.     

二维超音速边界层中三波共振和二次失稳机制的数值模拟研究

通过直接数值模拟的方法,探讨在超音速边界层的转捩问题中,是否存在和不可压缩流情况相似的产生亚谐波的机制．结果表明,三波共振和二次失稳这两种机制都存在．讨论了这两种机制在层流至湍流的转捩中的重要性是否的确很大的问题．