Lie algebras determined by finite valued Auslander-Reiten quivers

Let г denote a connected valued Auslander-Reiten quiver, let ℒ(γ) denote the free abelian group generated by the vertex setγ ₀ and let ℒ(Γ) be the universal cover ofг with fundamental groupG. It is proved that whenγ is a finite connected valued Auslander-Reiten quiver,ℒ(γ) is a Lie subalgebra ofℋ(г), and is just the “orbit” Lie algebra ℒ( )/G, where ℋ (г)₁ is the degenerate Hall algebra ofг and ℒ( )/G is the “orbit” Lie algebra induced by .     

Ideals and simplicity of unitary Lie algebras

Double graded ideals and simplicity of elementary unitary Lie algebra eu _n (R,⁻, γ) and Steinberg unitary Lie algebra stu _n (R,⁻, γ) are characterized, where R is a unital involutory associative algebra over a field F of characteristic zero, n ⩾ 5.     

On the abelianizations of congruence subgroups of Aut(<Emphasis Type="Italic">F</Emphasis><Subscript>2</Subscript>)

Let F _n be the free group of rank n, and let Aut⁺(F _n ) be its special automorphism group. For an epimorphism π : F _n → G of the free group F _n onto a finite group G we call the standard congruence subgroup of Aut⁺(F _n ) associated to G and π. In the case n = 2 we fully describe the abelianization of Γ⁺(G, π) for finite abelian groups G. Moreover, we show that if G is a finite non-perfect group, then Γ⁺(G, π) ≤ Aut⁺(F ₂) has infinite abelianization.     

On the total domination subdivision numbers in graphs

A set S of vertices of a graph G = (V, E) without isolated vertex is a total dominating set if every vertex of V(G) is adjacent to some vertex in S. The total domination number γ _t (G) is the minimum cardinality of a total dominating set of G. The total domination subdivision number sd_γt (G) is the minimum number of edges that must be subdivided (each edge in G can be subdivided at most once) in order to increase the total domination number. Karami, Khoeilar, Sheikholeslami and Khodkar, (Graphs and Combinatorics, 2009, 25, 727–733) proved that for any connected graph G of order n ≥ 3, sd_{γ t} (G) ≤ 2γ _t (G) − 1 and posed the following problem: Characterize the graphs that achieve the aforementioned upper bound. In this paper we first prove that sd_{γ t} (G) ≤ 2α′(G) for every connected graph G of order n ≥ 3 and δ(G) ≥ 2 where α′(G) is the maximum number of edges in a matching in G and then we characterize all connected graphs G with sd_{γ t} (G)=2γ _t (G)−1.     

Unique ergodicity of flows on homogeneous spaces

LetG be a unimodular Lie group, Γ a co-compact discrete subgroup ofG and ‘a’ a semisimple element ofG. LetT _a be the mapgΓ →ag Γ:G/Γ →G/Γ. The following statements are pairwise equivalent: (1) (T _a, G/Γ,θ) is weak-mixing. (2) (T _a, G/Γ) is topologically weak-mixing. (3) (G ^u, G/Γ) is uniquely ergodic. (4) (G ^u, G/Γ,θ) is ergodic. (5) (G ^u, G/Γ) is point transitive. (6) (G ^u, G/Γ) is minimal. If in additionG is semisimple with finite center and no compact factors, then the statement “(T _a, G/Γ,θ) is ergodic” may be added to the above list. The authors were partially supported by NSF grant MCS 75-05250.     

The Action of the Mapping Class Group on Maximal Representations

Let Γ _g be the fundamental group of a closed oriented Riemann surface Σ _g , g ≥ 2, and let G be a simple Lie group of Hermitian type. The Toledo invariant defines the subset of maximal representations Rep_max(Γ _g , G) in the representation variety Rep(Γ _g , G). Rep_max(Γ _g , G) is a union of connected components with similar properties as Teichmüller space . We prove that the mapping class group acts properly on Rep_max(Γ _g , G) when , SU(n,n), SO*(4n), Spin(2,n).     

Packing cycles with modularity constraints

We prove that for all positive integers k, there exists an integer N =N(k) such that the following holds. Let G be a graph and let Γ an abelian group with no element of order two. Let γ: E(G)→Γ be a function from the edges of G to the elements of Γ. A non-zero cycle is a cycle C such that Σ _e∈E(C) γ(e) ≠ 0 where 0 is the identity element of Γ. Then G either contains k vertex disjoint non-zero cycles or there exists a set X ⊆ V (G) with |X| ≤N(k) such that G−X contains no non-zero cycle.     

Restricted Enveloping Algebras with Minimal Lie Derived Length

Let L be a non-abelian restricted Lie algebra over a field of characteristic p > 0 and let u(L) denote its restricted enveloping algebra. In Siciliano (Publ Math (Debr) 68:503–513, 2006) it was proved that if u(L) is Lie solvable then the Lie derived length of u(L) is at least ⌈log₂(p + 1)⌉. In the present paper we characterize the restricted enveloping algebras whose Lie derived length coincides with this lower bound.     

Affinely equivalent complete flat manifolds

Let E _Aff(Γ,G, m) be the set of affine equivalence classes of m-dimensional complete flat manifolds with a fixed fundamental group Γ and a fixed holonomy group G. Let n be the dimension of a closed flat manifold whose fundamental group is isomorphic to Γ. We describe E _Aff(Γ,G, m) in terms of equivalence classes of pairs (ε, ρ), consisting of epimorphisms of Γ onto G and representations of G in ℝ ^m-n . As an application we give some estimates of card E _Aff(Γ,G, m).     

Strongly solid group factors which are not interpolated free group factors

We give examples of non-amenable infinite conjugacy classes groups Γ with the Haagerup property, weakly amenable with constant Λ_cb(Γ) = 1, for which we show that the associated II₁ factors L(Γ) are strongly solid, i.e. the normalizer of any diffuse amenable subalgebra P ì L(G){P \subset L(\Gamma)} generates an amenable von Neumann algebra. Nevertheless, for these examples of groups Γ, L(Γ) is not isomorphic to any interpolated free group factor L(F _t ), for 1 < t ≤  ∞.     

Deformations of complex structures on Γ/SL 2(C)

LetG be a connected complex semisimple Lie group. Let Γ be a cocompact lattice inG. In this paper, we show that whenG isSL ₂(C), nontrivial deformations of the canonical complex structure onX exist if and only if the first Betti number of the lattice Γ is non-zero. It may be remarked that for a wide class of arithmetic groups Γ, one can find a subgroup Γ′ of finite index in Γ, such that Γ′/[Γ′,Γ′] is finite (it is a conjecture of Thurston that this is true for all cocompact lattices inSL(2, C)). We also show thatG acts trivially on the coherent cohomology groupsH ⁱ(Γ/G, O) for anyi≥0.     

Central extensions of current groups

 In this paper we study central extensions of the identity component G of the Lie group C ^∞ (M,K) of smooth maps from a compact manifold M into a Lie group K which might be infinite-dimensional. We restrict our attention to Lie algebra cocycles of the form ω(ξ,η)=[κ(ξ,dη)], where κ:𝔨×𝔨→Y is a symmetric invariant bilinear map on the Lie algebra 𝔨 of K and the values of ω lie in Ω¹(M,Y)/dC ^∞ (M,Y). For such cocycles we show that a corresponding central Lie group extension exists if and only if this is the case for M=𝕊¹. If K is finite-dimensional semisimple, this implies the existence of a universal central Lie group extension of G. The groups Diff(M) and C ^∞ (M,K) act naturally on G by automorphisms. We also show that these smooth actions can be lifted to smooth actions on the central extension if it also is a central extension of the universal covering group G˜ of G. Received: 11 April 2002 / Revised version: 28 August 2002 / Published online: 28 March 2003     

Identifications in modular group algebras

Let G be a group, S a subgroup of G, and F a field of characteristic p. We denote the augmentation ideal of the group algebra FG by ω(G). The Zassenhaus-Jennings-Lazard series of G is defined by D_n(G)=G∩(1+ωⁿ(G)). We give a constructive proof of a theorem of Quillen stating that the graded algebra associated with FG is isomorphic as an algebra to the enveloping algebra of the restricted Lie algebra associated with the D_n(G). We then extend a theorem of Jennings that provides a basis for the quotient ωⁿ(G)/ωⁿ⁺¹(G) in terms of a basis of the restricted Lie algebra associated with the D_n(G). We shall use these theorems to prove the main results of this paper. For G a finite p-group and n a positive integer, we prove that G∩(1+ω(G)ωⁿ(S))=D_n+1(S) and G∩(1+ω²(G)ωⁿ(S))=D_n+2(S)D_n+1(S∩D₂(G)). The analogous results for integral group rings of free groups have been previously obtained by Gruenberg, Hurley, and Sehgal.     

Cusp forms

LetG andH ⊂G be two real semisimple groups defined overQ. Assume thatH is the group of points fixed by an involution ofG. Letπ ⊂L ²(H\G) be an irreducible representation ofG and letf επ be aK-finite function. Let Γ be an arithmetic subgroup ofG. The Poincaré seriesP _f(g)=Σ_H∩ΓΓ f(γ{}itg) is an automorphic form on Γ\G. We show thatP _f is cuspidal in some cases, whenH ∩Γ\H is compact. Partially supported by NSF Grant # DMS 9103608.     

Gauge-Invariant Characterization of Yang–Mills–Higgs Equations

Let C → M be the bundle of connections of a principal G-bundle P → M over a pseudo-Riemannian manifold (M,g) of signature (n⁺, n⁻) and let E → M be the associated bundle with P under a linear representation of G on a finite-dimensional vector space. For an arbitrary Lie group G, the O(n⁺, n⁻) × G-invariant quadratic Lagrangians on J¹(C × _M E) are characterized. In particular, for a simple Lie group the Yang–Mills and Yang–Mills–Higgs Lagrangians are characterized, up to an scalar factor, to be the only O(n⁺, n⁻) × G-invariant quadratic Lagrangians. These results are also analyzed on several examples of interest in gauge theory. Submitted: May 19, 2005; Accepted: April 25, 2006     

Homology of free Lie powers and torsion in groups

LetG be a group that is given by a free presentationG=F/R, and let_γ4 R denote the fourth term of the lower central series of R. We show that ifG has no elements of order 2, then the torsion subgroup of the free central extensionF/[_γ4 R,F] can be identified with the homology groupR _γ6(G, ℤ/2ℤ). This is a consequence of our main result which refers to the homology ofG with coefficients in Lie powers of relation modules.     

Lie algebra of formal vector fields which are extended by formal g-valued functions

In this paper, we consider the infinite-dimensional Lie algebra W_n⋉g⊗O _n of formal vector fields on the n-dimensional plane which is extended by formal g-valued functions of n variables. Here g is an arbitrary Lie algebra. We show that the cochain complex of this Lie algebra is quasi-isomorphic to the quotient of the Weyl algebra of (gl _n ⊕ g) by the (2n+1)st term of the standard filtration. We consider separately the case of a reductive Lie algebra g. We show how one can use the methods of formal geometry to construct characteristic classes of bundles. For every G-bundle on an n-dimensional complex manifold, we construct a natural homomorphism from the ring A of relative cohomologies of the Lie algebra W_n⋉g⊗O _n to the ring of cohomologies of the manifold. We show that generators of the ring A are mapped under this homomorphism to characteristic classes of tangent and G-bundles. Bibliography: 10 titles. __________ Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI, Vol. 335, 2006, pp. 205–230.     

Cyclic homology and the Macdonald conjectures

Summary LetA+(k) denote the ring [t]/t ^k+1 and letG be a reductive complex Lie algebra with exponentsm ₁, ...,m n. This paper concerns the Lie algebra cohomology ofGA ₊(k) considered as a bigraded algebra (here one of the gradings is homological degree and the other, which we callweight, is inherited from the obvious grading ofGA ₊(k)). We conjecture that this Lie algebra cohomology is an exterior algebra withk+1 generators of homological degree 2m _s +1 fors=1,2, ...,n. Of thesek+1 generators of degree 2m _s +1, one has weight 0 and the others have weights (k+1)m _s +t fort=1,2, ...,k.It is shown that this conjecture about the Lie algebra cohomology of A ₊(k) implies the Macdonald root system conjectures. Next we consider the case thatG is a classical Lie algebra with root systemA _n ,B _n ,C _n , orD _n. It is shown that our conjecture holds in the limit onn asn approaches infinity which amounts to the computation of the cyclic and dihedral cohomologies ofA+(k). Lastly we discuss the relevance of this limiting case to the case of finiten in this situation.Partially supported by NSF grant number MCS-8401718 and a Bantrell Fellowship     

Bounds on the Total Restrained Domination Number of a Graph

Let G = (V, E) be a graph. A set S í V{S \subseteq V} is a total restrained dominating set if every vertex is adjacent to a vertex in S and every vertex of V − S is adjacent to a vertex in V − S. The total restrained domination number of G, denoted by γ _tr (G), is the smallest cardinality of a total restrained dominating set of G. We show that if δ ≥ 3, then γ _tr (G) ≤ n − δ − 2 provided G is not one of several forbidden graphs. Furthermore, we show that if G is r − regular, where 4 ≤ r ≤ n − 3, then γ _tr (G) ≤ n − diam(G) − r + 1.