共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 484 毫秒
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聚乳酸热塑性弹性体的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
热塑性弹性体(TPE)是一类应用领域非常广泛且极具发展潜力的高分子材料,然而目前TPE品种所选用的原料(包括单体或聚合物)绝大部分都是源于石油基不可再生资源。作为一种极具潜力替代石油基高分子的生物基脂肪族聚酯材料,聚乳酸(PLA)具有原料来源丰富并可再生、生物降解性良好、强度和模量高等优点,因此聚乳酸TPE的研究吸引了国内外学者广泛的关注。本文综述了PLA嵌段共聚物型TPE和PLA基动态硫化热塑性弹性体(TPV)的最近的研究进展,详细阐述了它们的制备路线以及材料的性能,最后指出了当前PLA热塑性弹性体研究中存在的不足。 相似文献
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活性 (或称可控 )自由基聚合研究是目前高分子科学的研究热点之一[1~ 8] .活性自由基聚合制备的聚合物具有分子量随转化率提高而线性增加、分子量分布窄和聚合反应为一级反应动力学等特点 .自由基开环聚合所得产物体积收缩小 ,某些含有不饱和双键的螺环单体发生双开环聚合时甚至发生体积膨胀 ;开环聚合还可在聚合物主链上引入各种官能团 ,如酯基、碳酸酯基、酮基等 [9~ 12 ] .因此 ,用活性聚合的方法对自由基开环聚合的分子量和分子量分布进行控制 ,可以制备出具有各种不同结构和性能的新聚合物 . Wei等 [13] 报道了利用稳定自由基法实现… 相似文献
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以CO_2为原料合成脂肪族聚碳酸酯材料不仅利用了廉价、可再生的CO_2资源,而且可以实现全生物降解高分子材料的制备,是一条绿色可持续的高分子材料合成路线。但长期以来,该领域研究多集中在利用CO_2与一些石油来源的环氧烷烃(如环氧丙烷、环氧环己烷等)共聚方面,未能完全摆脱对石油资源的依赖。因此,发展基于生物基的环氧单体制备全生物基高分子材料逐渐成为CO_2基高分子材料研究的热点。生物基来源化合物的引入有助于丰富CO_2基高分子材料的结构和性能,拓展其应用领域。本文综述了近年来利用生物基环氧化合物与CO_2共聚合成全生物基高分子材料的研究进展,并对未来该领域发展的趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
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超分子聚合物是超分子化学与高分子化学交叉的前沿研究领域,近年来受到了国内外研究学者的广泛关注.可控制备超分子聚合物对于研究超分子聚合物的结构与性能关系、设计合成特定功能的超分子聚合物具有重要的意义.本文将总结通过超分子单体的共价聚合反应以制备超分子聚合物的方法.不同于传统的制备超分子聚合物的方法,超分子单体的共价聚合方法将不易调控的非共价聚合转化为可控的共价聚合,为实现超分子聚合物的可控制备提供了新思路. 相似文献
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2010年中国成为世界第二大经济体,这意味着中国需要更多的橡胶资源以满足其经济的快速发展。橡胶材料可以通过两个来源得到,一个是源自巴西橡胶树的天然橡胶,一个是源自化石资源的合成橡胶。我国的天然橡胶资源非常短缺,而合成橡胶又不可持续发展。因此,利用太阳能发展生物橡胶是中国橡胶工业可持续发展的未来。生物橡胶包含两大类材料,一类是生物基工程弹性(Bio-based engineering elastomer,BEE),它将可再生的生物质资源发酵得到衣康酸等生物基单体,再经化学合成得到的一类新的弹性体,或者将生物质发酵得到的生物基单体如异丁醇等进一步转化为传统单体如异丁烯等,再经过化学合成得到传统的弹性体;第二类是天然橡胶,包括三叶橡胶和第二天然橡胶(Second natural rubber,SNR),例如蒲公英橡胶、银菊橡胶以及我国特有的杜仲橡胶。本文将对生物基工程弹性体和第二天然橡胶进行综述,由于三叶橡胶的研究历史悠久、文献众多,在此不再综述。 相似文献
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《高分子学报》2021,52(9):1129-1137
为进一步发展高效的多组分聚合方法,构建有应用前景的高分子材料,本文报道了一种基于一价铜催化的,以叠氮磷酸二苯酯(DPPA)、二炔和二胺为单体的多组分聚合方法,在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中室温反应4 h,制备了一系列聚膦酰基脒,产率高达90%,重均分子量高达54000 g/mol,仅生成氮气为副产物.DPPA参与聚合具有后修饰的潜在应用,克服传统磺酰基叠氮后修饰困难的缺点.以含缩硫酮的二胺为聚合单体可制备具有特殊结构、活性氧敏感的聚膦酰基脒,在活性氧刺激下实现聚合物的降解.通过核磁共振波谱,凝胶色谱及基质辅助激光解吸飞行时间质谱确定聚合物结构、分子量及重复单元,并研究了炔类单体的刚柔性和胺类单体的位阻效应对聚合反应的影响.该聚合方法为多组分聚合提供了一种新的途径,拓宽了高分子材料的应用范围,为下阶段探索聚脒材料的应用奠定基础. 相似文献
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以生物基糠胺、 酚酞和多聚甲醛为原料, 制备了一种新型生物基苯并噁嗪树脂——酚酞糠胺型苯并噁嗪树脂(PPTL-F-BOZ), 采用FTIR, 1H NMR和 13C NMR等手段对其单体PTL-F-BOZ的结构进行了表征, 并对其固化反应、 耐热和阻燃性能进行分析. 结果表明, 与传统的化石基双酚型苯并噁嗪——双酚A苯胺型苯并噁嗪(BPA-A-BOZ)相比, PTL-F-BOZ显示出较低的固化反应温度, 且糠胺中呋喃环的存在会增加聚合物的交联密度, 并减缓苯氧结构向苯酚结构的重排反应, 致使其在DSC曲线中出现了2个固化峰. PPTL-F-BOZ树脂具有较高的T5%(质量损失5%的温度)和800 ℃的残炭率, 其极限氧指数(LOI)高达36.2%, 在垂直燃烧中达到V-0等级, 表现出优异的热稳定性和阻燃性能. 相似文献
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Sudheer Kumar Sushanta K. Samal Smita Mohanty Sanjay K. Nayak 《高分子科学杂志,A辑:纯化学与应用化学》2018,55(6):496-506
A novel renewable resource based tri-functional epoxy resin from itaconic acid (TEIA) was blended with petroleum based epoxy resin (DGEBA) and fabricated at different ratios. Then, it was by thermally cured with methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride (MHHPA) in presence of 2-methylimidazole (2-MI) catalyst. The tensile, modulus, strength of virgin epoxy resin (41.97 MPa, 2222 MPa) increased to 47.59 MPa, 2515 MPa, respectively, with the addition of 30% of TEIA. The fracture toughness parameter, critical stress intensity factor (KIC) revealed enhancement of toughness in the TEIA bio-based blends system. The thermomechanical properties of TEIA (tri-functional epoxy resin from itaconic acid) modified petroleum-epoxy networks were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The fracture morphology was also studied by the scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy respectively. 相似文献
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Dr. Mhd. Abd. Cader Mhd. Haniffa Dr. Khadija Munawar Assoc. Prof. Dr. Yern Chee Ching Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hazlee Azil Illias Prof. Dr. Cheng Hock Chuah 《化学:亚洲杂志》2021,16(11):1281-1297
New and emerging demand for polyurethane (PU) continues to rise over the years. The harmful isocyanate binding agents and their integrated PU products are at the height of environmental concerns, in particular PU (macro and micro) pollution and their degradation problems. Non-isocyanate poly(hydroxy urethane)s (NIPUs) are sustainable and green alternatives to conventional PUs. Since the introduction of NIPU in 1957, the market value of NIPU and its hybridized materials has increased exponentially in 2019 and is expected to continue to rise in the coming years. The secondary hydroxyl groups of these NIPU′s urethane moiety have revolutionized them by allowing for adequate pre/post functionalization. This minireview highlights different strategies and advances in pre/post-functionalization used in biobased NIPU. We have performed a comprehensive evaluation of the development of new ideas in this field to achieve more efficient synthetic biobased hybridized NIPU processes through selective and kinetic understanding. 相似文献
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With the increasing attention to the shortage of petroleum resources and environmental pollution, it is more urgent to develop new type biomass-derived and bio-degradability polymer materials. In this study, a various of bio-based ethylene-co-vinyl acetate (EVA)/poly (lactic acid) (PLA) thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) with enhanced mechanical strength and shape memory behavior were prepared. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), torque rheometer, swelling equilibrium experiments, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) indicate that the EVA component is more aggressive to the active radicals than PLA component, and the improvement of gel content for EVA component is more than that of PLA component. The scanning electronic microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) show that the co-continuous structure of EVA/PLA/AD TPV could be well maintained when the TMPTA was introduced into the multicomponent system. Obviously, the results also exhibit that the improvement of mechanical strength and shape memory behavior for EVA/PLA/AD TPV could be attributed to the increased gel content, especially the gel content of EVA component, without changing the crystallization behavior of EVA/PLA/AD TPV. 相似文献
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Polyurethane (PU) covers a range of applications in wearable circuits, coating materials, foaming industries, surgical equipments, packing materials and replacement of plastic materials. As per broad applications spectrum, huge data on PU synthesis has been reported so far, with different types of polyols, isocyanates, organic acids, acrylates with different chain extenders, catalysts, emulsifiers and/or PI. In this review, for a comprehensive study of structure-activity relationship, data from last 5 years has been compiled for photo-curable PU categorized on the basis of solvent as well as acrylate components. In this review a range of parameters including tensile strength, hardness, flexibility, hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, solvent resistance, storage/young's modulus, shape recovery, viscosity, curing kinetics and thermal stability has been compared against composition. 相似文献
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采用熔融扩链法制备了高分子量的全生物基聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)-聚丁二酸异山梨醇酯嵌段共聚酯.GPC测试结果表明,该嵌段共聚酯在较高的异山梨醇(Is)含量时仍具有较高的分子量,其M_n介于3.5×10~4~7.0×10~4之间.采用TGA和DSC对嵌段共聚酯的热稳定性和结晶性能进行了研究,结果表明嵌段共聚酯保持了PBS优异的热稳定性和结晶性能,即使异山梨醇含量达60 mol%,其熔点较PBS仅下降2 K.采用DMA分析了嵌段共聚酯的玻璃化转变温度T_g,发现随着异山梨醇含量的增加,其T_g随之升高,当Is含量为60mol%时,嵌段共聚酯的T_g高达68℃,并且共聚酯的2个链段具有很好的相容性.力学性能测试结果表明,异山梨醇的引入可使PBS的力学性能得到明显地提高和调控,随着异山梨醇含量的增加,嵌段共聚酯的拉伸强度先增加后降低,断裂伸长率约是PBS的2倍,其中,当异山梨醇含量达60 mol%时,嵌段共聚酯的屈服强度由PBS的35.0 MPa增至43.0 MPa. 相似文献