橡胶／纳米无机粒子增韧增强环氧树脂的研究

综述了当前环氧树脂增韧增强改性的研究现状,详细介绍了弹性体增韧环氧树脂、无机纳米粒子改性环氧树脂、粘土改性环氧树脂、纳米SiO2改性环氧树脂以及弹性体／无机纳米粒子协同增韧增强环氧树脂的机理和实验方法。并对其实验结果进行了分析比较。     

分子筛增强增韧MC尼龙的研究

简介了MC尼龙作为工程塑料的优缺点,提出了对其在实际应用中的改性要求,以无机刚性粒子改性聚合物机理为背景,结合分子筛独特的结构特点及其当前在聚合物中的应用,并根据实验实践,首次提出了分子筛增强增韧MC尼龙一系列的模型及机理,并展望了分子筛改性整个聚合物体系的美好前景。     

无机纳米粒子在环氧树脂增韧改性中的应用

无机纳米粒子能够给聚合物赋以卓越的综合性能,为此,纳米材料在聚合物改性中的应用已成为聚合物改性领域中的一个研究热点。本文就近年来在环氧树脂增韧改性中应用的无机纳米粒子的种类、环氧树脂／无机纳米复合材料的制备方法及其应用研究进展进行了综述。     

无机填料同时增韧增强HDPE体系的界面相互作用

无机填料同时增韧增强ＨＤＰＥ体系的界面相互作用王勇,李瑞海,王贵恒（成都科技大学纺织工学院,成都科技大学高分子材料系,成都,６１００６５）关键词无机填料,ＨＤＰＥ,界面改性,增韧增强无机刚性粒子能否同时增韧增强聚合物,是一个理论上或工业上极有意义的课...     

核-壳粒子增韧聚合物的研究进展

核-壳粒子增韧结合了弹性体增韧和刚性粒子增强的优点，将其用于聚合物共混体系中有可能得到比基体树脂更高韧性更好刚性的复合材料。本文综述了相关核-壳粒子的分类、形态、形成机制，以及它们对聚合物基体的增韧机理，并详细阐述了反应性和非反应性聚合物共混体系中原位形成的核-壳粒子形态演化规律及其对共混物力学性能的影响。     

玻璃微珠填充改性聚合物研究进展

玻璃微珠作为一种新型的刚性粒子 ,除了对于聚合物的增强增韧作用 ,在许多方面都已引起聚合物改性工作者的关注。本文从玻璃微珠对聚合物的增韧效果 ,玻璃微珠填充聚合物的拉伸性能、动态力学性能、流变形能、界面以及其他性能等方面综述了近年来玻璃微珠填充改性聚合物的研究进展     

反应型POSS杂化纳米材料合成及其对聚合物的改性研究进展

多面体低聚笼型倍半硅氧烷(POSS)是一类分子内有机-无机杂化材料。该材料因为同时含有笼型的Si—O—Si核及键合在Si顶点上可设计的有机基团,所以兼具无机材料高的强度和耐温性以及有机基团灵活的可设计性,可广泛用于聚合物的改性。反应型POSS是指POSS上的有机基团与其改性聚合物有较高的反应活性,可以共价键合于聚合物分子链上,提高POSS在聚合物基体中的分散性,增强其界面粘接作用,更大程度提高聚合物的性能。本文综述了近年来反应型POSS的合成,POSS在聚合物增韧补强、耐热阻燃性能、介电性能改性等领域的研究进展,总结了POSS改善无机纳米粒子在聚合物改性体系分散性能方面的研究进展,并指出了今后的发展方向。     

滑动接枝聚合物对聚乳酸的增韧改性

通过熔融共混的方法,在聚乳酸(PLA)中加入不同质量分数的滑动接枝聚合物(SGC),对其进行增韧改性。使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)用来表征PLA和SGC共混物的相结构,冲击断裂样条断面SEM考察聚合物的增韧机理,差示扫描量热分析(DSC)和广角X-射线衍射(XRD)用来考察PLA以及PLA/SGC共混物的热性能和结晶性能。结果表明:PLA和SGC粒子呈现典型的"海-岛"结构,SGC粒子尺寸为0.8μm~4.1μm。含20%(wt)SGC的PLA/SGC共混物的断裂伸长率和缺口冲击强度较纯PLA分别提高了6倍和2倍,说明SGC能够有效地对PLA进行增韧改性。体外细胞毒性测试表明,PLA/SGC共混物的细胞毒性等级为1级,为无毒材料,因此可应用在生物医学领域。     

无机刚性粒子增韧聚丙烯的影响因素

简要介绍了无机刚性粒子对聚丙烯(PP)的增韧机理,并着重介绍了利用无机刚性粒子增韧PP时,PP基体、无机刚性粒子的性质及用量、无机刚性粒子在PP基体中的分散情况、无机刚性粒子与PP基体间的界面相互作用等因素对增韧效果的影响。     

PTFE/纳米SiO2复合材料的制备及其力学性能

聚合物／纳米级无机粒子复合材料是纳米材料中的一种具有重要价值的新型材料,可广泛应用于橡胶、塑料、纤维三大合成材料之中。采用纳米级无机粒子填充聚合物基复合材料,可以在材料的补强、增韧等改性中获得良好的效果。本文以纳米SiO2为填料,将其经过有机处理后,制备了FIFE／纳米SiO2复合材料,并研究了纳米SiO2的含量对PTFE复合材料性能的影响。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.