加权残数法通用程序包MWRAP的开发技术与1程应用

要想使加权残数法广泛应用于工程实际问题,需要解决两方面的问题,一是精度问题,二是必须研制和开发通用软件。本文阐述了加权残数法通用程序包MWRAP的结构设计和功能设置及其前后处理技术,详细阐述了其前后处理程序的程序设计流程;在该软件中计算模块,所用的计算方法为加权残数和有限元耦合法,为此推导了加权残数和有限元耦合法的公式,从计算结果来看该方法具有较高的精度,可以满足工程需要。最后,运用MWRAP计算了钢管混凝土柱肩梁结构的位移和应力,与实验结果相比吻合较好,说明了MWRAP具有较高的精度,加上其完善的前后处理功能,可以应用于工程实际问题。     

The method of weighted residuals for transversely isotropic axisymmetric problems and its applications to engineering

A method with two harmonic functions is proposed for solving transversely isotropic axisymmetric problems by applying the theorems of Refs. [1] and [5]. A series of simple formulas of the boundary least square collocation method is derived. Two engineering examples show that the present method is much more convenient than Lekhniskii's with biharmonic functions. Some useful conclusions are finally obtained.     

On the selection of trial functions in the methd of weighted residuals

The principles of selecting trial functions in method of weighted residuals (MWR) are discussed by the method of functional analysis and the approximation theory of complex function in this paper. In addition, a detailed discussion is made on completeness. On this basis the concept of basic factor is proposed for the question of combinatorial structures and some basic factors and general combinatorial types of trial functions are deduced. Finally a rectangular stiffened plate is taken as an example for comparative calculation and good results have been obtained.     

Application of subregion function method in the method of weighted residuals

In this paper, a new concept of subregion function method is suggested. According to the boundary shape and the stiffness and loading conditions of the structure, the original zone of the structure is divided into some subregions, in each of which different trial functions may be adopted. Conditions of compatibilities between subregions are considered. Finally residual equations consisted of interior residuals, boundary residuals and coboundary residuals between subregions are given.A numerical example to illustrate the theory of this method is given.     

三维弹性力学边界加权残值试函数构造

推出四个满足三维弹性力学基本方程的完备函数系,给出了用此函数系构造三维复杂区域边界加权残值试函数的一般原则,实例表明效果良好.     

用加权余量法分析固支圆板和环板在Mises屈服条件下的极限荷载

应用加权余量法求出了承受线性荷载的固支圆板和承受均布荷载的内边界支承环板在 Mises屈服条件下的极限荷载的近似值 ,并与最大弯矩极限条件结果进行了比较 ,说明本文计算结果较合理。     

对称角铺设复合材料层合梯形板振动分析的一种有效方法

本文给出了对称角铺设复合材料层合梯形板振动特性分析的一种有效方法，可方便地处理具有内部点支承及各种边界支承时矩形、平行四边形、三角形、等腰梯形与非等腰梯形层合板的横向弯曲振动问题．     

An approximate method for determing the velocity profile in a laminar boundary-layer on flat plate

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求解Rayleigh阻尼系数的加权最小二乘法

在地震反应分析过程中,提出了一种优化方法以解决Rayleigh阻尼系数计算时选择两阶合理参考频率的难题。该方法是以反应谱理论为基础,以结构位移峰值误差最小为目标函数。将位移反应谱用一阶Taylor级数近似计算,从而将目标函数简化为加权最小二乘法的方程。随后以框架结构为例,讨论了模态个数和阻尼比模型对Rayleigh阻尼系数计算的影响,并与传统方法、最小二乘法及基于多参考振型的加权最小二乘法进行比较。计算结果表明,最小二乘法由于忽略了模态贡献的影响,不是计算Rayleigh阻尼系数的合理方法。当模态个数所包含的累积振型参与质量达90%以上,本文方法所得Rayleigh阻尼系数计算结果稳定,结构动力反应的计算精度高。     

加权残量法在我国的最新进展

介绍由我国力学工作者近年来创造发展起来的一些新的加权残量法１）．这些方法与传统的加权残量法相比,适应范围更广,使用更方便,效果更好．      

板分析的滑动最小二乘插值函数残值法

利用滑动最小二乘插值数作为加权残值法中试函数，对试函数中的基函数的以及权函数的选取提出了建议；分析了形函数的特性；对试函数拟合原函数的效果进行了分析，进而提出了权函数及相应的影响半径的取值；采用最小二北配点法求解定解问题的近似解；利用该试函数对矩形薄板和L形板的弯曲进行了数值计算，并与理论结果和有限元数值结果进行对比，结果表明，该试函数适用于多种边值问题，且精度高。该法简化了选择试验的过程，尤其适用于工程中的各种数值计算。     

Gas-kinetic numerical method for solving mesoscopic velocity distribution function equation

A gas-kinetic numerical method for directly solving the mesoscopic velocity distribution function equation is presented and applied to the study of three-dimensional complex flows and micro-channel flows covering various flow regimes. The unified velocity distribution function equation describing gas transport phenomena from rarefied transition to continuum flow regimes can be presented on the basis of the kinetic Boltzmann–Shakhov model equation. The gas-kinetic finite-difference schemes for the velocity distribution function are constructed by developing a discrete velocity ordinate method of gas kinetic theory and an unsteady time-splitting technique from computational fluid dynamics. Gas-kinetic boundary conditions and numerical modeling can be established by directly manipulating on the mesoscopic velocity distribution function. A new Gauss-type discrete velocity numerical integration method can be developed and adopted to attack complex flows with different Mach numbers. HPF parallel strategy suitable for the gas-kinetic numerical method is investigated and adopted to solve three-dimensional complex problems. High Mach number flows around three-dimensional bodies are computed preliminarily with massive scale parallel. It is noteworthy and of practical importance that the HPF parallel algorithm for solving three-dimensional complex problems can be effectively developed to cover various flow regimes. On the other hand, the gas-kinetic numerical method is extended and used to study micro-channel gas flows including the classical Couette flow, the Poiseuille- channel flow and pressure-driven gas flows in two-dimensional short micro-channels. The numerical experience shows that the gas-kinetic algorithm may be a powerful tool in the numerical simulation of micro-scale gas flows occuring in the Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS). The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (90205009 and 10321002), and the National Parallel Computing Center in Beijing. The English text was polished by Yunming Chen.     

求解弹性力学问题的有理单元法

传统的位移有限元法采用多项式形式的位移试函数,对于边数大于4的多边形单元,构造满足单元间协调性要求的多项式形式位移插值函数是一件困难的工作。本文利用逆距离权插值的思想并考虑到单元节点的分布,建立了边数大于4多边形单元上的有理函数形式的形函数。利用有理试函数,采用Galerkin法推导出求解平面弹性力学问题的有理单元法。采用有理单元法求解弹性力学问题,求解区域根据需要可以划分为任意多边形单元,极大地提高了网格划分的灵活性。有理单元法不依赖等参变换,不同单元的形函数表达形式统一,方便计算程序的编写。     

两点边值问题的小波配点法

根据多分辨分析,提出用任意连续的尺度函数构造区间上的插值基函数,形成以尺度函数为基础的求解两点边值问题的小波配点法.该方法中,尺度函数不受紧支撑、插值等性质的限制,计算复杂度小,数值解收敛性由多分辨分析理论保证.同时,给出边值条件的积分处理方法,能够方便地处理任意边界条件,当尺度函数不具有高阶导数时,该方法也能有效使用.数值算例表明,该方法是一个高效、高精度的算法.     

求解变分型积分方程的一种新型数值方法——有限变分法

将作者提出的多虚拟裂纹扩展法(MVCE法)拓展为求解变分型积分方程问题的一种新型数值方法——有限变分法(FVM)。它的基本思想是,给定有限个(N个)局部变分模式,将所求解的未知量用适当的方法离散化,针对这N个局部变分模式列出N个方程,求解N个未知系数,从而求得未知量。单一未知变量FVM的最终方程组的系数矩阵通常是一个对称的窄带矩阵,对角元是大数,有很好的数值计算性能。用FVM求解了三维I型裂纹前缘的应力强度因子(SIF)分布。利用基于FVM的通用权函数法计算程序,可以高精度和高效率地求解表面力、体积力和温度载荷共同作用情况下三维裂纹前缘SIF的分布及其时间历程。FVM可以被推广到更广泛的领域,是一个求解变分型积分方程问题的普遍适用的新型数值方法。     

卷积型加权残值法求解薄壳的动力学问题

板壳等弹性体,受到动荷载作用时,其动力分析问题是比较重要且难于解决的．利用卷积型加权残值法,推导出Gurtin变分原理,并应用卷积型加权残值法计算了薄壳的动力学问题,为计算薄壳的结构动力学问题提供了一种有效的方法．     

The auto-adjustable damping method for solving nonlinear equations

I.IntroductionTherearealotofnonlinearproblemsinengineering.Forexamples,theheattrallsfel'with'nonlinearradiation-convectionboundaryalldlimitedheatcapacity,thenonlinearhydrodynamicsandaerodynamics,thenonlillearstrtlcturaldynamicresponsesandtheIihe.Itisalmostimpossibletosolvethe11onlinearequationsbydirectmethodexceptfi)rsomespecialnonlinearequations.Thegeneralapproachislinearizingtheequationsandformingvariousiterationprocedures.Forthestronglynonlillearproblems,thesolutionobtainedintheitcrativep…     

Exactness of penalization for exact minimax penalty function method in nonconvex programming

The exact minimax penalty function method is used to solve a noncon-vex differentiable optimization problem with both inequality and equality constraints. The conditions for exactness of the penalization for the exact minimax penalty function method are established by assuming that the functions constituting the considered con-strained optimization problem are invex with respect to the same function η (with the exception of those equality constraints for which the associated Lagrange multipliers are negative-these functions should be assumed to be incave with respect to η). Thus, a threshold of the penalty parameter is given such that, for all penalty parameters exceeding this threshold, equivalence holds between the set of optimal solutions in the considered constrained optimization problem and the set of minimizer in its associated penalized problem with an exact minimax penalty function. It is shown that coercivity is not suf-ficient to prove the results.     

加权残值法在钢筋混凝土拱桥非线性有限元分析中的应用

本文用圆弧梁离散拱肋;用圆柱拖带坐标、三次位移插值函数及平截面假定来描述单元位形;用加权残值配点法来消除曲梁单元的剪力与膜力闭锁。按基于连续介质力学的Ｕ．Ｌ．列式建立单元增量平衡方程,以考虑几何非线性。假定钢筋为理想弹塑性材料。按三参数各向同性强化塑性模型,建立混凝土的弹塑性本构矩阵。将拱单元分段分块,根据钢筋及砼的本构特性,建立拱单元及梁段单元的弹塑性刚度矩阵,以考虑材料非线性。用编制的程序对两座模型拱桥进行计算,计算结果与模型测试结果接近     

数学规划加权残值法及其进展

微分方程问题双边不等式数学规划解法与现有各种数值方法不同．该方法在不知道精确解的情况下,可首先求得近似解的最小上界和最大下界．计算量小,精度高．算题过程中可随时控制计算精度,不浪费机时,也不盲停机,使计算终止于“经济精度”上．