全自动电位滴定法测定镍钴锰酸锂中残余的碳酸锂含量

采用自动电位滴定法测定镍钴锰酸锂中残余的碳酸锂含量。试样经搅拌水浸出其中的残余碳酸锂,用盐酸进行滴定。对试样进行11次平行测定,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于3.2%。在镍钴锰酸锂试样中加入基准物质无水碳酸钠进行碳酸根的加标回收实验,碳酸根的加标回收率在97.7%~103%。方法测定结果准确、可靠。     

全自动电位滴定法测定锂电池原料碳酸锂中主成分的含量

采用全自动电位滴定法测定锂电池原料碳酸锂中主成分的含量,用盐酸标准溶液进行滴定,考虑自动电位滴定仪的灵敏性和准确度,通过多次对比实验,确定了仪器的最佳工作参数、滴定剂浓度和样品称样量等滴定条件;对两个不同品位试样分别进行了11次平行测定,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于1％.在碳酸锂试样中加入基准物质无水碳酸钠进行碳酸根的...     

电位滴定法测定抛光液中的三酸含量

探讨了利用自动电位滴定仪对抛光液中磷酸、硫酸及硝酸的分析方法,以及对溶剂的标定方法。电位滴定法测定三酸,先用硫酸亚铁铵滴定硝酸,再用氢氧化钠滴定磷酸和硫酸,从而计算三酸含量。结果表明,与传统滴定法相比,电位滴定法标定硫酸亚铁铵的相对标准偏差(RSD)从1.1%降至0.13%,标定氢氧化钠的RSD从0.72%降至0.06%。电位滴定法测定自配样品及工厂抛光产品中的硝酸,回收率分别在96%及93%以上。电位滴定法测定自配样品及工厂抛光产品中磷酸和硫酸的回收率偏差在3%以内。手动滴定法测定磷酸和硫酸的回收率偏差在5%～10%,回收效果不如电位滴定法。电位滴定法测定工厂抛光液的三酸加标回收率偏差均小于3%。自动电位滴定法比手工滴定的准确性和精密度明显提高,弥补了手工滴定法只能分析磷酸和硫酸,而无法测定硝酸的缺陷。     

电位滴定法测定抛光液中的三酸含量

探讨了利用自动电位滴定仪对抛光液中磷酸、硫酸及硝酸的分析方法,以及对溶剂的标定方法。电位滴定法测定三酸,先用硫酸亚铁铵滴定硝酸,再用氢氧化钠滴定磷酸和硫酸,从而计算三酸含量。结果表明,与传统滴定法相比,电位滴定法标定硫酸亚铁铵的相对标准偏差(RSD)从1.1%降至0.13%,标定氢氧化钠的RSD从0.72%降至0.06%。电位滴定法测定自配样品及工厂抛光产品中的硝酸,回收率分别在96%及93%以上。电位滴定法测定自配样品及工厂抛光产品中磷酸和硫酸的回收率偏差在3%以内。手动滴定法测定磷酸和硫酸的回收率偏差在5%~10%,回收效果不如电位滴定法。电位滴定法测定工厂抛光液的三酸加标回收率偏差均小于3%。自动电位滴定法比手工滴定的准确性和精密度明显提高,弥补了手工滴定法只能分析磷酸和硫酸,而无法测定硝酸的缺陷。     

氧弹燃烧–自动电位滴定法测定助焊剂中的卤素

建立氧弹燃烧–自动电位滴定法测定助焊剂中卤素的分析方法。在氧弹罐加入20 mL 0.25 mol/L氢氧化钠溶液作为吸收液,通过氧弹罐燃烧使得助焊剂中共价态的卤素转变成为离子态,利用氢氧化钠溶液吸收氧弹燃烧所释放的离子态卤素,吸收后的溶液用硝酸溶液(1∶1)进行酸化,消除碳酸根、碳酸氢根、氢氧根离子的干扰。处理后的样品溶液用0.01 mol/L硝酸银标准溶液进行滴定。助焊剂样品中卤素测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.51%～3.24%(n=5),加标回收率为95.24%～100.49%。该方法样品处理简单,操作简便,成本低廉。     

硫酸铵中氮含量的电位滴定检测

建立一种酸碱电位滴定法直接测定硫酸铵中氮含量的方法。样品溶解后,可直接用氢氧化钠标准滴定溶液进行滴定。为了保证检测的准确度,分别使用硫酸铵高纯试剂和邻苯二甲酸氢钾基准试剂对氢氧化钠标准滴定溶液进行标定,并对标定结果进行比较,两种方法基本无差异。同时,通过适量硫酸的加入避免了样品中游离硫酸对检测结果的影响。该方法检测速度快、检测精度高、绿色环保、易于控制,非常适合于硫酸铵中氮含量的检测。将本方法与蒸馏后滴定法(仲裁法)检测结果进行比较,两种方法无显著性差异。采用本方法测得氮含量的加标回收率为99.9 %-100.3 %,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)为0.03 %-0.05 %。分别使用实验方法和蒸馏后滴定法测定不同样品的氮含量,结果相吻合。     

硼酸的电位滴定

讨论了硼酸加甘油的强化电位滴定和直接电位滴定。实验证明 ,对硼酸类的极弱酸可采用两点电位滴定法进行直接电位滴定 ,在终点后测定两组滴定数据 ,用两点法公式计算滴定终点。     

关于硼酸电位滴定的讨论

本文用实验证明直接电位滴定不能准确测定硼酸，而加甘油等某些多元醇的强化电位滴定法和线性滴定法测定硼酸可获得较满意的结果。在确定电位滴定的终点时，采用了圆拟合法。     

EDTA络合滴定法测定选铁尾矿中CaF2含量

采用EDTA络合滴定法测定选铁尾矿中的氟化钙含量。选用稀乙酸浸取试样中的碳酸钙,分离过滤氟化钙,用锆-二甲酚橙褪色分光光度法测定浸取液中的氟含量,折算为在稀乙酸中微溶的氟化钙的量;同时沉淀部分用氯化铝溶液在沸水浴中溶解浸取氟化钙,以三乙醇胺掩蔽干扰离子,在KOH介质中,以钙指示剂为指示剂,用EDTA标准滴定溶液测定沉淀中氟化钙的量,两者之和为试样中氟化钙的含量。用此法对试样进行11次平行测定,相对标准偏差（RSD）小于1.0%。在选铁尾矿试样中加入萤石标准物质进行加标回收实验,加标回收率在99%-102%。方法流程短,操作简单。精密度和加标回收率均能满足要求。     

锡阳极泥中铟对铋含量测定的影响研究

采用传统Na_2EDTA滴定方式测定锡阳极泥(当铟含量大于0.2mg时)试液会出现颜色无明显突跃和滴定终点难以判定的现象。当铟含量大于0.2mg时,Na_2EDTA滴定法测定锡阳极泥试样中铋含量,对铋量测定有影响。主要讨论了铟在三种滴定条件下的络合行为,优化了铋的滴定条件,论证了在10.00、20.00、30.00、40.00mg铋标准溶液中加入不同含量的铟标准溶液,并在实际锡阳极泥样品YTXN-7中加入不同含量的铟,探讨了两种计算方法。实验表明,通过调节试液pH=1.5～1.7,采用Na_2EDTA标准滴定溶液滴定至试液红色刚消失,加热试液至70～80℃,继续滴定,能够出现完成铋铟的络合滴定,当铟量在1.00～2.00mg时,采用方法1计算得到铋的加标回收率在97.8%～100%,方法2的加标回收率在99.8%～101%。实验数据表明方法2计算铋的方法更理想。     

定量的复合金属锂作为三维泡沫锂电极用于锂电池的研究

金属锂作为电池的负极材料具有极高的比容量和极低的氧化还原电位,能够显著提升电池的能量密度。然而,金属锂负极在实际应用中所面临的主要问题是锂枝晶、界面副反应和电极体积变化大的难题。在本文中,我们提出了一种通过将定量的金属锂与三维骨架进行复合形成三维泡沫锂负极的策略,并利用三维泡沫锂来抑制锂枝晶的生长和缓解电极的体积变化。因此,三维泡沫锂电极有利于金属锂负极的高效利用,并能借助其与平面锂箔相比更高的比表面积和更多的反应位点来提升电池的倍率性能。因此,通过采用三维泡沫锂,对称电池的循环寿命和倍率性能都得到了有效的提升。EIS数据结果表明,三维泡沫锂能够减小对称电池的电荷转移阻抗。而且,将三维泡沫锂作为负极组装的LTO全电池,与锂箔作为负极相比,循环1000周平均放电比容量从65 mAh·g^-1提升至121 mAh·g^-1。     

Electrochemically fabricated polypyrrole-cobalt-oxygen coordination complex as high-performance lithium-storage materials

Current lithium-ion battery (LIB) technologies are all based on inorganic electrode materials, though organic materials have been used as electrodes for years. Disadvantages such as limited thermal stability and low specific capacity hinder their applications. On the other hand, the transition metal oxides that provide high lithium-storage capacity by way of electrochemical conversion reaction suffer from poor cycling stability. Here we report a novel high-performance, organic, lithium-storage material, a polypyrrole-cobalt-oxygen (PPy-Co-O) coordination complex, with high lithium-storage capacity and excellent cycling stability. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure and Raman spectroscopy and other physical and electrochemical characterizations demonstrate that this coordination complex can be electrochemically fabricated by cycling PPy-coated Co(3)O(4) between 0.0 V and 3.0 V versus Li(+)/Li. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that each cobalt atom coordinates with two nitrogen atoms within the PPy-Co coordination layer and the layers are connected with oxygen atoms between them. Coordination weakens the C-H bonds on PPy and makes the complex a novel lithium-storage material with high capacity and high cycling stability.     

二次锂离子电池正极活性材料—LiCoO_2制备研究进展

本文简单对比了高温相 LiCoO2和低温相 LiCoO2的结构和电化学性能的差别，详细介绍了 LiCoO2的各种合成方法并评述了不同合成方法、反应条件对 LiCoO2结构、形貌及电化学性能的影响，并提出了今后研究的方向。     

二次锂离子电池正极活性材料—LiCoO2制备研究进展

本文简单对比了高温相ＬｉＣｏＯ２和低温相ＬｉＣｏＯ２的结构和电化学性能的差别,详细介绍了ＬｉＣｏＯ２的各种合成方法并评述了不同合成方法,反应条件对ＬｉＣｏＯ２结构、形貌及电化学性能的影响,并提出了今后研究的方向。     

Lithium Bonds in Lithium Batteries

Lithium bonds are analogous to hydrogen bonds and are therefore expected to exhibit similar characteristics and functions. Additionally, the metallic nature and large atomic radius of Li bestow the Li bond with special features. As one of the most important applications of the element, Li batteries afford emerging opportunities for the exploration of Li bond chemistry. Herein, the historical development and concept of the Li bond are reviewed, in addition to the application of Li bonds in Li batteries. In this way, a comprehensive understanding of the Li bond in Li batteries and an outlook on its future developments is presented.     

Selectivity of a Lithium‐Recovery Process Based on LiFePO4

The demand for lithium will increase in the near future to 713,000 tonnes per year. Although lake brines contribute to 80% of the production, existing methods for purification of lithium from this source are expensive, slow, and inefficient. A novel electrochemical process with low energy consumption and the ability to increase the purity of a brine solution to close to 98% with a single‐stage galvanostatic cycle is presented.     

A Liquid/Liquid Electrolyte Interface that Inhibits Corrosion and Dendrite Growth of Lithium in Lithium‐Metal Batteries

A proof‐of‐concept study on a liquid/liquid (L/L) two‐phase electrolyte interface is reported by using the polarity difference of solvent for the protection of Li‐metal anode with long‐term operation over 2000 h. The L/L electrolyte interface constructed by non‐polar fluorosilicane (PFTOS) and conventionally polar dimethyl sulfoxide solvents can block direct contact between conventional electrolyte and Li anode, and consequently their side reactions can be significantly eliminated. Moreover, the homogeneous Li‐ion flow and Li‐mass deposition can be realized by the formation of a thin and uniform solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) composed of LiF, Li_xC, Li_xSiO_y between PFTOS and Li anode, as well as the super‐wettability state of PFTOS to Li anode, resulting in the suppression of Li dendrite formation. The cycling stability in a lithium–oxygen battery as a model is improved 4 times with the L/L electrolyte interface.     

Formation and Thermal Decomposition of Gallium Oxynitride Compounds

The formation of a previously unknown crystalline phase was observed in the system Li–Ga–N–O. During the reactions of Ga₂O₃ with Li₃N and of LiGaO₂ with Li₃N, a new compound with the stoichiometry Li₄GaNO₂ was formed. The stages in thermal decomposition of the new phase were determined. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.