基于快速轮廓转动力矩特征的激光主动成像目标识别

针对激光主动成像的图像特性,提出一种基于快速轮廓转动力矩的目标识别方法。将转动力矩的概念引入目标识别中,提出的快速轮廓转动力矩特征(FCTF)不仅包含了轮廓的尺寸、位置、规则度以及目标的亮暗等信息,同时对于旋转、尺度缩放等变换具有不变性。采用转动力矩的快速计算方法,提高了识别算法的计算效率。识别算法首先使用最大稳定极值区域(MSER)算法检测出目标特征区域,并将其变换为圆形区域,然后结合快速转动力矩特征算法提取出目标区域的局部不变特征,最后输入训练好的支持向量机分类器进行识别。实验结果表明相比于已有的激光主动成像目标识别方法,所提算法对于旋转、仿射变换均具有更高的识别率,同时单帧平均运算时间为9.68 ms,满足激光主动成像目标识别系统实时性的要求。     

基于模糊快速Hough变换的盘孔边界识别方法

为了快速准确地识别出某型航空发动机篦齿盘均压孔的边界,提出一种新的模糊快速Hough变换.利用局部梯度信息将检测圆所需的3D Hough变换转化为一个2D Hough变换检测圆心位置和一个1D Hough变换检测圆的半径.在检测圆心位置时,对2D参量空间进行多分辨率分级,通过迭代计算由粗到精逐步细化参量空间.采用模糊投票的方法来处理边缘像素位置和梯度方向的不确定性.通过实验对比了模糊快速Hough变换与标准Hough变换、随机Hough变换进行盘孔边界识别的效果,结果表明模糊快速Hough变换可以快速准确地识别出盘孔的边界,性能优于另外两种算法.     

基于投影寻踪的高光谱典型目标识别算法

针对典型目标识别问题,提出了一种基于投影寻踪的高光谱目标识别算法。先对高光谱图像进行最小噪声分离变换,计算出本征维度,同时对图像去噪,然后采用信息散度作为投影指标,对投影指标值自适应分割,得到所要提取的波谱曲线,最后用光谱角匹配识别出目标及其位置。高光谱图像验证结果表明,该方法有效地去除了图像噪声,而且能够快速、可靠地提取端元并识别出目标。     

基于局部不变特征的目标自动识别

为快速、准确地识别图像中的目标,提出一种结合图像熵和加速鲁棒特征算法的目标自动识别方法.首先,分块计算图像的信息熵,根据阈值筛选出纹理丰富区域.然后,结合Hessian矩阵和Harris算法提取纹理丰富区域的局部特征点.接着,计算特征向量并用主成分分析降低向量维数.最后,采用双向最近距离比例匹配算法进行分类,并用随机抽样一致算法剔除误匹配点.实验结果表明:对仿真数据库中带有视角、光照和尺度变化的图像,识别率分别为87.12%、75.31%和84.98%,平均识别时间分别为70.35ms、71.27ms、220.63ms;对含8956×6708像素的航空大面阵图像,正确匹配率为78.13%,识别时间为68.09s.本方法识别率和时间性能均优于加速鲁棒特征算法.     

复杂星空背景下的空间目标快速捕获算法

针对现有方法在大视场、高灵敏度条件下星空背景复杂导致的空间目标捕获速度慢的问题,利用大视场星图识别的优势,提出了复杂星空背景下的空间目标快速捕获算法.采用分级曝光策略,基于短曝光获取有限数量的恒星以大幅度提高星图识别速度;利用二维最大背景估计方法,实现星图预处理,获得质心数据信息;最后基于星图目标序列剔除自然天体.通过星图目标排序横向剔除,保证剔除准确性的前提下有效提高了剔除效率,实现了空间目标快速捕获.仿真试验结果表明,本文方法快速性好、准确率高,与已有算法中较快算法相比,目标捕获所用时间减少41.92%.     

一种高效的基于平行边缘的道路识别算法

为了提高智能车辆道路识别的准确性和效率,设计了一种基于平行边缘特征的道路检测算法。提出了基于边缘连接的道路区域快速粗分割方法;对边缘点局部直线的检测和方向进行编码,利用竖直线实现了极大可能道路区域的估计;基于方向一致性判别准则,实现了极大可能道路区域内平行边缘的识别算法;提出了三个道路识别准则,综合运用平行边缘、道路的区域位置信息,实现了道路特征的准确识别。实验结果表明,本文算法能够快速并准确的提取典型的直线和弯曲道路模型中的道路区域,比以往算法在速度和准确性上都有较大的提升。     

快速边界识别算法用于达曼光栅掩模数据生成的研究

针对达曼光栅的数据写入问题,提出了一种快速边界识别算法（FBIA）用于复杂二元光学图形掩模的CIF格式数据的生成。该算法首先识别出达曼光栅图形的边界点,然后按照左手原则对边界点进行排序并构成闭合曲线。针对闭合曲线中可能出现的“孤岛”,该算法可自动识别并依据其数量对图形重新分割取点。结果表明FBIA算法具有搜索快、效率高等优点,可广泛应用于各种二元位相型元件CIF格式掩模板数据的生成。     

基于支持向量机的图像飞机目标自动识别算法研究

为了能够快速、准确地识别飞机目标,文章给出了一种基于支持向量机的飞机目标自动识别方法;采用Touzi边缘提取,得到目标形状参数的几何特征,Hu不变矩等16个特征矢量作为SVM的训练样本,通过SVM训练得到飞机目标识别模型,从而完成飞机目标的自动识别;试验结果显示,该算法对不同尺度和模糊程度的飞机目标的识别度可达99%; 该算法减少了样本训练时间,在提高识别准确率的同时降低了算法的复杂度,具有识别度高、识别速度快的特点,可用于飞机目标的快速识别。     

非等间隔计时数据的X射线脉冲星周期快速搜索算法

利用X射线脉冲星信号的计时信息实现航天器深空导航具有重要意义,精确的时间模型(周期及周期导数)是获得高精度自主导航的基础.针对X射线光子并非等间隔地到达探测器的特点,在对比分析两种非等间隔数据处理方法(x2量评估方法和Lomb算法)的基础上,提出了用Lomb算法估计脉冲星周期初值,进一步使用x2量评估方法精化周期值的方法.同时运用快速傅里叶变换算法的思想对Lomb算法进行改进,较大地提高了程序的运算效率.最后利用X射线源仿真系统的计时数据对算法进行试验分析,搜索出准确的脉冲星周期和折叠出正确的脉冲轮廓.     

线性不变矩及其在图象识别中的应用算法研究

在讨论线性不变矩基本性质的基础上,对于利用其轮廓信息即能较好描述的图象,提出了一种基于线性不变矩的目标识别算法.该算法包括目标二值化、轮廓提取、线矩计算和分类识别等步骤.仿真试验表明,该算法具有较高的识别精度和良好的抗干扰性,计算效率远高于传统方法,有着较高的应用价值.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.