Observation of psi(3770) --> pi pi J/psi and measurement of Gamma ee[psi(2S)

We observe signals for the decays psi(3770) --> XJ/psi from data acquired with the CLEO detector operating at the CESR e+ e- collider with square root of s = 3773 MeV. We measure the following branching fractions Beta(psi(3770) --> XJ/psi and significances: (189 +/- 20 +/- 20) x 10(-5) (11.6sigma) for X = pi+ pi-, (80 +/- 25 +/- 16) x 10(-5) (3.4sigma) for X = pi0 pi0, and (87 +/- 33 +/- 22) x 10(-5) (3.5sigma) for X = eta, where the errors are statistical and systematic, respectively. The radiative return process e+ e- --> gamma psi(2S) populates the same event sample and is used to measure Gamma ee[psi(2S)] = (2.54 +/- 0.03 +/- 0.11) keV.     

RbH(X1∑+,v=O～2)能级与H2碰撞振动能量转移

利用积分时间分辨荧光光谱方法,研究了RbH(X1∑+,v=0～2)与H2间的振动碰撞能量转移.在Rb-H2混合样品池中,泵浦激光双光子激发Rb原子至6D态,Rb(6D)与H2反应生成RbH(x1∑+)分子,探测激光延迟泵浦激光20 ns,通过激光感应荧光光谱(LIF)的测量,确定了X1∑+(v=0～2,J)原生态的转动...     

Ho3+/Tm3+共掺Ge-Ga-S-CsI玻璃的2.0μm中红外发光特性的研究

用熔融急冷法制备了系列Ho3+/Tm3+共掺的78GeS2-12Ga2S3-10Csl玻璃样品,测试了样品的吸收光谱以及808 nm激光泵浦下的2μm中红外荧光光谱.用Judd-Ofelt理论计算了Ho3+离子在78GeS2-12Ga2S3-10CsI硫卤玻璃中的强度参数Ω(i=2,4,6)、自发辐射跃迁概率Arad和...     

Constraints on changes in fundamental constants from a cosmologically distant OH absorber or emitter

We have detected the four 18 cm OH lines from the z approximaetely 0.765 gravitational lens toward PMN J0134-0931. The 1612 and 1720 MHz lines are in conjugate absorption and emission, providing a laboratory to test the evolution of fundamental constants over a large lookback time. We compare the HI and OH main line absorption redshifts of the different components in the z approximately 0.765 absorber and the z approximately 0.685 lens toward B0218 + 357 to place stringent constraints on changes in F triple-bond g(p)[alpha(2)/mu](1.57). We obtain [DeltaF/F] = (0.44 +/- 0.36(stat) +/- 1.0(sys)t) x 10(-5), consistent with no evolution over the redshift range 0 < z < or = 0.7. The measurements have a 2sigma sensitivity of [Deltaalpha/alpha] < 6.7 x 10(-6) or [Deltamu/mu] < 1.4 x 10(-5) to fractional changes in alpha and mu over a period of approximately 6.5 G yr, half the age of the Universe. These are among the most sensitive constraints on changes in mu.     

发射光谱研究大气压等离子体射流的气体温度

采用介质阻挡放电等离子体喷枪装置,在大气压下流动氩气中产生了射流等离子体。利用光电倍增管,对射流等离子体进行了时空分辨测量,分析了等离子体喷枪内介质阻挡放电和外部等离子体羽的放电特性。利用高分辨率光谱仪采集等离子体羽处的发射光谱,通过对发射光谱中OH(A2Σ+→X2Π,307.7～308.9nm)及N2+的第一负系(B2Σ+u→X2Π+g,390～391.6nm)谱线拟合得到了射流等离子体的转动温度,拟合得到的转动温度分别为443和450K。在5%的误差范围内,这2种方法得到的结果是一致的。由于在大气压下,转动温度近似等于产生气体放电的气体温度,所以可以确定大气压射流等离子体气体温度。利用该方法研究了不同电压下的气体温度,发现气体温度随着外加电压增加而增大。     

利用光学-光学双共振研究谱线的碰撞增宽

利用光学-光学双共振光谱技术研究了NaK分子21Σ＋→６1Σ＋跃迁线的碰撞增宽。一台单模半导体激光器实现11Σ＋(v″,J″)→21Σ＋(v′,J′)的跃迁,另一单模半导体激光器激发21Σ＋(v′,J′)能级到６1Σ＋的振转能级,二激光束反向平行通过样品池。谱线总线宽与K原子密度成线性关系,由其斜率得到增宽速率系数k_br＝(1.4±0.7)×10-8 cm3·s-1。同时研究了21Σ＋(v＝8,J＝12)→21Σ＋(v＝8,J＝13,14)转动能级间的碰撞激发转移,测量谱线的相对强度,由速率方程得到碰撞转移速率分别为6.1×106和5.2×106 s-1。     

KMgF3:Eu2+晶体中Eu2+的受激发射研究

二价铕离子(Eu2 )在KMgF3晶体中产生窄带线状发射,峰值位于360 nm.依据自身建立的激发态能量损耗模型,预测了4f7(6P7/2)→4f7(8S7/2)跃迁实现受激发射的可能性.采用ASE技术测得了KMgF3:Eu2 晶体360 nm发射的光学增益,得到净光学增益系数g=(11.4±3.2)cm-1,实验证实了理论预测.晶体退火或掺杂敏化离子Gd3 或Ce3 可以改善Eu2 的增益效果.     

利用发射光谱研究脉冲电晕放电中的自由基

利用发射光谱技术在大气压下测量了以氮气为载气的不饱和水蒸气体系针-板式正脉冲电晕放电产生的OH(A^2∑→X^2Ⅱ0—O)自由基和O(3p^5P→3s^5S^02777．4nm),Ha(3P→2S 656．3nm)活性原子的发射光谱,并由N2(C^3Ⅱu→B^3Ⅱg)的△v=-3和△v=-4振动带序发射光谱强度计算得出N2(C,v)的相对振动布居及其振动温度,进而采用高斯分布拟合准确地求出了N2(C^3Ⅱu→B^3Ⅱg)的△v= 1振动带序发射光谱强度,从而可以由N2(C^3Ⅱu→B^3Ⅱg)的△v= 1振动带序与OH(A^2∑→X^2Ⅱ0—0)的重叠发射光谱中准确求出OH(A^2∑→X^2Ⅱ0—0)自由基的发射光谱强度。由发射光谱强度得到了激发态OH(A^3∑)自由基和O(3p^5P),Ha(3P)活性原子的布居。还研究了激发态OH(A^2∑)自由基和O(3p^5P),Ha(3P)活性原子的布居随放电电压和放电频率的变化以及氧气对激发态OH(A^2∑)自由基和O(3p^5P),Ha(3P)活性原子布居的影响。     

Laser-Excited Fluorescence Spectra of Strontium Monoiodide

Fluorescence spectra of strontium monoiodide excited by Ar++ and Kr+ laser lines have been analyzed by Fourier transform spectrometry. Rotational levels have been populated either directly or after collisional relaxation: (i) in D2Sigma+ (v = 0, 1) by ultraviolet lines of Ar++, inducing numerous fluorescence transitions ending in the levels v = 0-3 of the strongly interacting A2Pi and B2Sigma+ states, (ii) in A2Pi3/2 (v = 0-4) by Kr+ line at 676.44 nm, de-exciting into transitions to X2Sigma+ (v = 0-6). Deperturbed constants for A2Pi and B2Sigma+ states and A approximately B interaction parameter are calculated from the numerical treatment of D2Sigma+ (v = 0, 1) --> A2Pi (v = 0-3) approximately B2Sigma+ (v = 0-3) transitions. Rotational constants for D2Sigma+ (v = 0, 1) are obtained for the first time. The wavenumbers of some 670 fluorescence lines are cataloged. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.     

Measurement of the W-->taunu production cross section in pp collisions at square root s=1.8 TeV

We report on a measurement of sigma(pp-->W+X)B(W-->taunu) in pp collisions at sqrt[s]=1.8 TeV at the Fermilab Tevatron. The measurement is based on an integrated luminosity (lum) of 18 pb-1 of data collected with the D0 detector during 1994-1995. We find that sigma(pp-->W+X)B(W-->taunu)=2.22+/-0.09 (stat)+/-0. 10 (syst)+/-0.10 (lum) nb. Lepton universality predicts that the ratio of the tau and electron electroweak charged current couplings to the W boson, gWtau/gWe, be unity. We find gWtau/gWe=0.980+/-0.031, in agreement with lepton universality.     

Measurement of sigma Lambda b0/sigma B0 x B(Lambda b0-->Lambda c+pi-)/B(B0-->D+pi-) in pp collisions at square root s=1.96 TeV

We present the first observation of the baryon decay Lambda b0-->Lambda c+pi- followed by Lambda c+-->pK-pi+ in 106 pb-1 pp collisions at square root s=1.96 TeV in the CDF experiment. In order to reduce systematic error, the measured rate for Lambda b0 decay is normalized to the kinematically similar meson decay B0-->D+pi- followed by D+-->pi+K-pi+. We report the ratio of production cross sections (sigma) times the ratio of branching fractions (B) for the momentum region integrated above pT>6 GeV/c and pseudorapidity range |eta|<1.3: sigma(pp-->Lambda b0X)/sigma(pp-->B0X)xB(Lambda b0-->Lambda c+pi-)/B(B0-->D+pi-)=0.82+/-0.08(stat)+/-0.11(syst)+/-0.22[B(Lambda c+-->pK-pi+)].     

介质势垒放电(DBD)等离子体中NO荧光发射谱研究

利用介质阻挡放电 (DBD)等离子体技术对大气污染物NO分子进行了光谱研究 ,得到了低气压条件下放电等离子体在 2 1 0～ 2 80nm光谱范围内的荧光发射谱。该谱明显的表现为双峰结构 ,谱线均成对出现 ,强度分布符合Frank Condon原理 ,且最大峰值位置出现在 2 36nm处 ,将该组谱线归属为NO分子的A2 ΣA →X2 Π1 / 2 ,2 / 3 跃迁。荧光产生过程为 :基态NO分子与高能电子发生非弹性碰撞被激发至激发态A2 Σ 后自发跃迁回基态同时辐射出荧光。通过测量等离子体中NO分子和N2 分子 337nm谱线强度随时间的变化关系 ,初步证实了放电等离子体中存在的NO分子的分解机制为 :e NO→N O e,N NO→N2 O ,O NO→NO2 hν。     

N2O脉冲高压直流放电的光谱研究

建立了一套产生瞬变物种的脉冲高压放电及其光谱探测的分子束装置,该装置的放电部分可在最高10kV电压条件下长期稳定工作,在数据采集中利用软件实现了取样积分器的功能,并且可以进行多通道数据的同时采集。利用此装置在几Pa压力下对N2O脉冲高压直流放电过程进行了研究,对得到的N2O (A~2Σ —~X2Πi)发射谱进行了标识,由振动光谱的强度得到了N2O ~A态的相对振动布居,和以往的研究结果相比,得到的N2O ~A态更偏离Bolzmann分布,产生的~A态是初生态。     

Observation of Bs production at the Y(5S) resonance

Using the CLEO detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring, we have observed the Bs meson in e+e- annihilation at the Y(5S) resonance. We find 14 candidates consistent with Bs decays into final states with a J/psi or a Ds(*)- . The probability that we have observed a background fluctuation is less than 8 x 10(-10) . We have established that at the energy of the Y(5S) resonance Bs production proceeds predominantly through the creation of Bs*Bs* pairs. We find sigma(e+e- --> Bs*Bs*) = [0.11(-0.03))(+0.04)(stat) +/- 0.02(syst)]nb , and set the following limits: sigma(e+e- --> BsBs)/ sigma(e+ e- --> Bs*Bs*) <0.16 and [sigma(e+e- --> BsBs*) + sigma(e+e- --> Bs*Bs)]/sigma(e+e- -->Bs*Bs*) < 0.16 (90% C.L.). The mass of the Bs* meson is measured to be M(Bs*) = [5.414+/- 0.001(stat) +/- 0.003(syst)] GeV/c2 .     

高激发振动态RbH（Х1Σ+,ν″=15～22）与H2,N2的振动-振动碰撞能量转移

脉冲激光激发Rb原子至6 D态,Rb(6 D)与H2反应生成RbH(Х1Σ+,ν″=0～2)振动态。研究了RbH(Х1Σ+)高位振动态与H2,N2间的碰撞弛豫过程,利用泛频泵浦分别激发Х1Σ+(ν″=0)至Х1Σ+(ν″=15～22)各振动态,检测激光激发Х1Σ+(ν″)至A1Σ+(ν′),测量A1Σ+(ν′)的时间分辨激光感应荧光光谱,利用Stern-Volmer方程,得到振动能级ν″的总的弛豫速率系数kν(H2)。在H2和N2的混合气体中,总弛豫速率系数kν(H2+N2)与α(H2的摩尔配比)成直线的关系,其斜率为kν(H2)-kν(N2),而截距为kν(N2)。对于ν″<18主要发生单量子弛豫(Δν=1)过程,kν(H2)和kν(N2)与振动量子数ν″均成线性增加关系。对于ν″≥18,多量子弛豫(Δν≥2)过程及共振振动-振动转移起重要作用。对于RbH(ν″=21)+N2(0),测量ν″=16的布居数时间演化轮廓,在20μs内有一个锐锋,在100～200μs内有一个较低的宽峰,锐锋相应于RbH(ν″=21)+N2(0)→RbH(ν″=16)+N2(1)的共振转移过程,而宽峰是由相继的单量子过程产生的。     

Indication of a cosmological variation of the proton-electron mass ratio based on laboratory measurement and reanalysis of H2 spectra

Based on highly accurate laboratory measurements of Lyman bands of H2 and an updated representation of the structure of the ground X 1sigma(g)+ and excited B 1sigma(u)+ and C 1pi(u) states, a new set of sensitivity coefficients K(i) is derived for all lines in the H2 spectrum, representing the dependence of their transition wavelengths on a possible variation of the proton-electron mass ratio mu = m(p)/m(e). Included are local perturbation effects between B and C levels and adiabatic corrections. The new wavelengths and K(i) factors are used to compare with a recent set of highly accurate H2 spectral lines observed in the Q 0347-383 and Q 0405-443 quasars, yielding a fractional change in the mass ratio of deltamu/mu = (2.4 +/- 0.6) x 10(-5) for a weighted fit and deltamu/mu = (2.0 +/- 0.6) x 10(-5) for an unweighted fit. This result indicates, at a 3.5sigma confidence level, that mu could have decreased in the past 12 Gyr.     

Search for new high-mass particles decaying to Lepton pairs in pp collisions at square root s = 1.96 TeV

A search for new particles (X) that decay to electron or muon pairs has been performed using approximately 200 pb(-1) of pp collision data at (square root) s = 1.96 TeV collected by the CDF II experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron. Limits on sigma(pp --> X)BR (X --> ll) are presented as a function of dilepton invariant mass m(ll) > 150 GeV/c2, for different spin hypotheses (0, 1, or 2). The limits are approximately 25 fb for m(ll) > GeV/c2. Lower mass bounds for X from representative models beyond the standard model including heavy neutral gauge bosons are presented.     

基于N+2(B2∑+u→X2∑+g)的电弧等离子体振动温度和转动温度测量

通过光谱诊断系统测量大气压直流氩氮等离子体射流的发射光谱,在光谱紫外波段观察到氮的第一负带系N 2(B2∑ u→X2∑ g),利用N 2(B2∑ u→X2∑ g)跃迁的△v=0谱带系v'=0→v"＝0和v'＝1→v"＝1谱带,对实验测得的谱带和模拟计算得到的谱带进行点对点对比,得到了等离子体射流的振动温度和转动温度,并就仪器展宽、振动温度和转动温度对谱带结构和形状的影响进行了分析.结果表明在文章所述的实验条件下,等离子体的电子温度、振动温度、转动温度和化学动力学温度基本相等,大气压直流氩氮等离子体射流达到局域热力学平衡.     

NO分子双光子诱导荧光的自吸收现象

以皮秒Nd:YAG激光器抽运的光学参量发生/放大器为激发光源,获得了在452.4 nm波长激光激发下,NO分子的双光子激光诱导色散荧光光谱(LIDFS)。并由此得到了NO分子基电子态的振动基频和振动非谐性系数分别为ω″_e=(1 904.7±7.3) cm-1, ω″_eχ″_e=(14.2±1.2) cm-1, ω″ey″_e=-(0.021 8±0.009 1) cm-1。在NO分子双光子LIDFS实验研究中,首次观测到了NO分子强烈的自吸收现象,在较高样品气压条件下,色散荧光光谱图中对应A 2Σ(v′＝0)→X 2Π(v″＝0)跃迁的谱线消失。实验结果表明,自吸收现象导致的该跃迁谱线强度的变化,随样品气压、激光场和样品作用区到荧光接收窗口距离的减小而减小。     

离子对电荷转移配合物[NO2Py]x[Co（mnt）2]的合成、光谱和磁性表征

合成了两种新的离子对电荷转移配合物[NO2Py]x[Co(mnt)2],(NO2Py=1-(4-ritrobenzyl)pyridinium;mnt=maleonitriledithiolate;x=1or2时分别对应配合物2和1),并用元素分析和红外光谱、电喷雾质谱和固体反射电子光谱等谱学方法对两种配合物进行了表征.两种配合物在77K到300K范围内的变温磁化率结果表明,配合物2是抗磁性物质,经Pascal′s常数校正后的配合物1的磁化率遵循改进的Bleaney-Bowers方程,实验值和理论计算值能很好的吻合,非线性最小平方二乘法拟合所得的最佳拟合参数为g=2.392,2J/k=5.9K和θ=-4.9K,一致性因子R=7.20×10-9(R=∑(χobsi-χcalcdi)2/∑(χobsi