基于胶体晶体刻蚀构筑含金纳米碗的柱状结构阵列

以二氧化硅微球为掩板,利用各向异性等离子体刻蚀技术对光固化树脂薄膜进行选择性刻蚀,制备出微纳级的顶端带凹陷的柱状结构.在材料表面蒸镀一层金后,得到微纳米级柱顶端带有金纳米碗的特殊结构.通过调整刻蚀时间可以改变光固化树脂薄膜表面的柱状结构的高度.随着柱状结构高度的增加,材料的特征峰从500 nm红移至760 nm.运用时域有限差分(FDTD)方法对这种含贵金属结构的电场分布进行模拟,发现在金纳米碗状结构的边缘处存在高强度的电场,这是材料特征峰产生的原因.这种由材料表面结构变化导致材料在光谱中特征峰迁移的现象在传感、光通讯及小型化光学器件和药物筛选等领域具有潜在应用的价值.     

扫描近场光学显微镜对纳米结构的观察

光学显微镜在人们认识微观世界的过程中一直扮演着非常重要的角色．随着认识的深入，对空间分辨率的要求也越来越高．但是众所周知，普通光学显微镜（远场情况下）的分辨率受光的衍射效应所限制，一般可表达为0．61A／N．A．（约等于A／2，A为照射光的波长，N．A．为数值孔径）     

表面等离激元金属纳米粒子的多元化结构及应用

目前, 单一的金属纳米粒子结构已经难以满足多学科交叉发展的需求. 因此, 将多种金属纳米粒子(如不同尺寸、 形状、 组分等)集成在同一基底表面, 能够充分发挥不同金属纳米粒子的性质和优势, 极具研究价值和应用价值. 本文介绍了多元化表面等离激元纳米粒子结构的构筑方法, 以及其在信息编码、 光电器件、 能源催化等领域的应用. 最后, 提出了当前在多元化结构制备中存在的挑战, 并展望了利用多元化结构实现性能提升的前景.     

无机卤化物钙钛矿纳米结构的带隙可调制备及光电应用研究

在半导体领域,通过合金化集成两种以上半导体的单纳米结构近年来相继问世,随着纳米材料的成分变化,可以灵活实现半导体的带隙调控,在光通信以及集成光电器件领域有着广泛的应用。然而,传统半导体纳米结构因不同成分之间存在晶格失配,其带隙调节的范围受到了很大限制。因此,钙钛矿作为对晶格失配具有高容忍度的半导体材料,在半导体带隙调控及器件研究领域显示出了巨大的潜力。本文综述了无机卤化物钙钛矿一维合金纳米材料的合成方法以及近年来的研究进展,总结了可调带隙钙钛矿一维合金纳米材料在光电子器件领域中的应用,包括波长可调谐纳米激光器、光电探测器、白光发光二极管、全光开关、太阳能电池等。实现单纳米结构带隙工程将对未来集成器件的发展产生深远的影响。     

表面等离子体激元共振光化学传感器的研究

自行设计并组装了一套全波长表面等离子体激元共振光化学传感器实验装置;研究了以银膜为基底的传感器的稳定性、可逆性及干扰情况;在575nm波长处,测定乙醇的灵敏度为4.6×10^-4折射率单位,RSD≤1.4%,定量测定范围为0.5%～70%.分析了一些实际样品,结果与标准方法的测定值相吻合.     

基于局域表面等离子体共振效应的光学生物传感器

贵金属纳米粒子表现出许多常规块体材料所不具备的优异性能,其中局域表面等离子体共振 (LSPR) 特性是研究热点之一。LSPR 的形状和位置与纳米粒子的组成、大小、形状、介电性质以及局域介质环境密切相关。基于这一特性,贵金属纳米粒子已广泛应用于光学生物传感器、光过滤器和表面增强光谱等领域。本文对各种结构的贵金属纳米粒子的制备方法及其在光学生物传感器中的应用进行了综述,并对 LSPR 纳米传感器的未来发展前景做了展望。     

大面积多元化表面等离激元金纳米粒子结构的制备

具有显著表面等离激元共振效应的贵金属纳米粒子因其独特的光电学性质在许多领域表现出了潜在的应用价值。结合纳米压印技术与自组装技术发展了一种高效的多元化纳米粒子结构的制备方法,并制备了一种由不同尺寸金纳米粒子构成的周期性表面等离激元纳米粒子结构。实验结果证明此种方法在大批量制备和结构多元化的控制方面具有独特的优势。利用不同的表面等离激元纳米粒子结构对不同荧光分子增强效果的差异,设计了2种具有明显明暗差异的荧光条码,展示了多重的荧光增强响应。     

Au/Pt纳米柱阵列电极的制备及光电催化氧化甲醇性能

利用纳米压印、 电沉积和气相沉积方法构筑了有序均一的Au及Au/Pt纳米柱阵列电极. 通过反射光谱观测到580和660 nm附近的特征吸收谱峰, 并基于有限元电磁场(FEM)理论模拟, 确定其表面等离激元共振(SPR)性质分别对应于纳米柱柱顶的电偶极模式(584 nm)、 电四极模式(638 nm)以及表面等离激元极化子(666 nm). 制备的等离激元纳米柱电极用于甲醇光电催化氧化反应时, SPR效应能显著地增强甲醇的电催化氧化电流. 当表面负载2 nm的金属Pt时, 光电催化氧化甲醇活性最高, 光照使氧化电流增加, 同时甲醇的氧化峰电位随光强的增加逐渐负移, 证明SPR弛豫产生的热空穴参与到光电协同甲醇氧化中. 在恒电流甲醇氧化实验中, 光照使表面氧化反应时间延长6倍, 减小了CO的毒化, 证明SPR对于电极表面产生一定的清洁作用.     

基于自由曲面的LED准直透镜设计

本文基于准直光束照明的自由曲面透镜设计方法,设计了一种以单颗LED为光源的准直透镜,其可应用于投影仪的照明系统。根据几何光学原理构造自由曲面,该方法无需求解复杂的偏微分方程,计算简单。准直透镜由内自由曲面折射面、球面、抛物面全反射曲面以及平面组成,利用Matlab编程求出自由曲面轮廓曲线的离散数据点,导入Solidworks中进行曲线拟合,建立透镜的实体模型。为探讨LED光源尺寸对准直透镜光斑影像的影响,在Tracepro中对透镜进行非序列光线追迹,模拟结果表明:当光源半径不大于1 mm时,其光学效率达到86.26%以上,视场半角达到3.3度以内。     

Pittcon 2005国际分析会议(三)暨第10次关于痕量金属形态的分析方法论进展国际研讨会

2005年Pittcon会议续报如下：生物材料表面和界面的化学成像技术组报告有：（1）DG Castner，应用x射线的生物和有机物表面的成像技术——光发射电子显微术和x射线光电子能谱技术的研究；（2）N Winograd，应用聚束表面电离质谱技术进行单个生物细胞的三维化学成像的前景；（3）R MCorn，供蛋白质和脱氧核糖核酸微阵列用的酶法表面等离子体激元共振成像技术；（4）B Hagenhoff，生物材料表面和界面的化学成像技术；（5）PS Weiss，膜-细胞骨架和膜-表面相互作用的物理模型。     

应用于助航系统的赋形曲面光学系统研究

非对称式光度系统技术可以实现光能量的收集与再分配，已经广泛应用于照明领域。基于非成像光学理论的自由曲面照明光学设计具有体积小、设计自由度高、出光光形准确可控等优点。通过采用自由曲面对LED进行合理的二次配光，可以实现绿色环保的照明，给未来照明行业的发展指明了新的方向。本文通过对关于LED自由曲面的光学设计进行研究，提出了一种满足侧边发光照明方式的自由曲面透镜设计方法。将得到的自由曲面透镜实体模型作为立式滑行道边灯透镜设计的基本结构。仿真与实验结果表明，仅用一颗LED光源即可实现联邦航空局（FAA）对立式滑行道边灯的光强分布要求。     

Preliminary Recognition of c-Myc Gene Protein Using an Optical Biosensor with Gold Colloid Nanoparticles Based on Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance

Abstract

The gold colloidal nanoparticles with a diameter of 24 ± 0.2 nm were prepared, characterized by ultraviolet–visible (UV-vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and cyclic voltammetry, and assembled on a gold plate substrate for constructing an optical nanobiosensor. The nanosensor exhibited distinct optical properties of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), which could be used for recognition of oncogene biomolecules such as the c-Myc (3C7) antibody protein. The LSPR nanobiosensor has also been successfully applied to determination of a pCMV-Myc mammalian expression vector, one kind of DNA plasmids with a linear response range of 6.2–20.0 ng/µL and a detection limit of 2.4 ng/µL.     

Surface Plasmon Resonance Immunoassay for Ochratoxin A Based on Nanogold Hollow Balls with Dendritic Surface

Abstract

A surface plasmon resonance (SPR)‐immunosensor based on nano‐size gold hollow ball (GHB) with dendritic surface has been developed for detection of Ochratoxin A (OTA). A thionine thin film was initially electropolymerized onto the SPR‐probe surface, and then anti‐OTA monoclonal antibody (anti‐OTA) was immobilized onto the SPR‐probe surface by means of GHB conjugation. The binding of target molecules onto the immobilized antibodies causes an increase in the resonant angle of the sensor chip, and the resonant angle shift was proportional to the OTA concentration in the range of 0.05–7.5 ng/ml with a detection limit of 0.01 ng/ml at a signal/noise ration of 3. A glycine‐HCl solution (pH 2.8) was used to release antigen‐antibody complexes from the biorecognition surface. Good reusability was exhibited. Moreover, spiking various levels of OTA into three milk samples was assayed using the proposed immunoassay. Analytical results show the precision of the developed immunoassay is acceptable. Compared with the conventional enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, the proposed immunoassay system was simple and rapid without multiple labeling and separation steps. Importantly, the proposed immunoassay system could be further developed for the immobilization of other antigens or biocompounds.     

基于聚多巴胺的表面改性方法研究现状

多巴胺具有与贻贝粘附蛋白类似的性能。它可以沉积在几乎所有物质表面对其进行改性,且能与氨基、巯基、金属离子等官能团反应,所以将多巴胺修饰在材料表面不但可以赋予材料表面依赖于聚多巴胺(PDA)的仿生特性,而且PDA的反应活性为材料表面的二次修饰提供了理想的平台。这种基于PDA的表面修饰方法不但简单、绿色且适用性非常广,可应用于化学、生物、医药、材料等多个领域。本文从多巴胺的结构以及聚合、粘附机理研究入手,对近几年在材料表面修饰PDA,且以其为平台再二次修饰的报道进行了归纳总结,进一步认识和理解了多巴胺的性能,并为设计和构建新型的、高性能化的PDA仿生功能材料提供思路,推动研究者们在此基础上将PDA应用于更多的领域,使其向着绿色化和多样化方向发展。     

Ag Nanowire‐Ag Nanoparticle Hybrids for the Highly Enhanced Fluorescene Detection of Protoporphyrin IX Based on Surface Plasmon‐Enhanced Fluorescence

In this study, we developed an approach to fabricate novel 1D Ag NWs‐Ag NPs hybrid substrate for enhanced fluorescene detection of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) based on surface plasmon‐enhanced fluorescence. The Ag NWs‐Ag NPs hybrid was synthesized by combining the hydrothermal method and self‐assembly method with the asisstance of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). When the Ag NWs‐Ag NPs hybrid was deposited on the glass substrate and employed as active substrate to detect PpIX, the fluorescence intensity of PpIX was enhanced greatly due to the coupling effect of localized surface plasmon‐localized surface plasmon (LSP‐LSP) and localized surface plasmon‐surface plasmon propagation (LSP‐SPP) which induced great enhancement of the electromagnetic field. Furthermore, the enhancement effect was approximately linear when the concentration of PpIX was ranged from 1×10^?7 mol/L to 2×10^?5 mol/L, and the photobleaching phenomenon of PpIX was reduced greatly, indicating that the fabricated Ag NWs‐Ag NPs hybrid substrate had well performance for PpIX imaging. This work provides an effective approach to prepare highly sensitive and stable fluorescence enhancement substrate, and has great potential application in fluorescence imaging.     

用表面等离子体子共振传感器测定人心肌肌钙蛋白I的研究

采用自组装表面等离子体子共振(SPR)传感装置,固定入射角,以波长为变量,以CCD为检测系统,用对金和抗体均有较强吸附作用的葡萄球菌A蛋白作为基底膜,观测了人心肌肌钙蛋白I的抗体和抗原之间免疫反应的动力学过程,并进行了人心肌肌钙蛋白I的定量测定.结果表明,人心肌肌钙蛋白I的浓度在5.0～50μg/L范围内与传感器的响应值呈线性关系.     

Amphibious sensor of temperature and refractive index based on D-shaped photonic crystal fibre filled with liquid crystal

ABSTRACT

A D-shaped photonic crystal fibre filled with liquid crystal was demonstrated as an amphibious sensor for detection of both temperature and refractive index, when combined with plasma materials. Specifically, the optical component is implanted into a complete optical system ensuring modulation of the external electric field. When the refractive index of the external solution changes from 1.0 to 1.6, the y-polarised mode has a loss spectrum with a wavelength sensitivity of up to 2275 nm/RIU, and the corresponding amplitude sensitivity is ?88.2RIU^?1. When the perceived temperature changes from 15°C to 50°C, the temperature of the sensor is correspondingly expressed as the maximum wavelength sensitivity of 9.09 nm/°C and the amplitude sensitivity of ?0.311°C^?1. In addition, the actual micro-operation processes have been studied in detail, such as polishing depth, coating thickness and coating method. This provides practical ideas for real-time sensing analysis that requires harsh environments.     

分子印迹表面等离子共振传感器在食品安全检测中的最新研究进展

分子印迹聚合物具有空间结构选择性高、稳定性好和制备过程简单等特点,结合表面等离子共振传感器,可用于分子间相互作用和结合特性的研究。随着石墨烯、量子点等纳米材料的出现和广泛应用,基于分子印迹技术的表面等离子共振传感器的灵敏度获得了改善,促进了该技术在食品安全检测领域的快速发展。该文基于分子印迹技术简要介绍了表面等离子共振传感器芯片的制备技术、分析体系及其优点,重点分析了国内外将分子印迹-表面等离子共振传感器用于食品安全检测的最新研究成果,阐释了分子印迹-表面等离子共振技术的优势,并展望了该技术在食品安全分析领域的发展趋势。     

Surface Plasmon Resonance Coupled with Potential‐step Chronoamperometry: Theory and Applications for Quantitative Measurements of Electrodeposited Thin Films

Cyclic voltammetry (CV) has been combined with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for probing electrochemical deposition and redox‐initiated film reorganization and conformational changes. However, the varying potential during CV scans leads to unwanted SPR background changes and complicates interpretation of SPR signals. In this work, we show that, when SPR is coupled with CV, the background correction for underpotential deposition of copper and electropolymerization of aniline is either inaccurate or difficult to perform. For accurate thickness measurements of electrodeposited films, potential‐step (PS) chronoamperometry is a method of choice to combine with SPR. The theory that interprets double‐layer charging is used to explain the advantage of PS chronoamperometry over CV in quantifying the thickness of electrodeposited thin films. The influence of the double‐layer charging on the potential‐induced SPR signal change was analyzed, and the results were used to optimize experimental parameters for PS‐SPR. Overall, PS‐SPR is easier to operate, simpler in data interpretation, and more accurate for the film thickness measurement.