Differential variational–hemivariational inequalities with application to contact mechanics

In this paper we study a dynamical system which consists of the Cauchy problem for a nonlinear evolution equation of first order coupled with a nonlinear time-dependent variational–hemivariational inequality with constraint in Banach spaces. The evolution equation is considered in the framework of evolution triple of spaces, and the inequality which involves both the convex and nonconvex potentials. We prove existence of solution by the Kakutani–Ky Fan fixed point theorem combined with the Minty formulation and the theory of hemivariational inequalities. We illustrate our findings by examining a nonlinear quasistatic elastic frictional contact problem for which we provide a result on existence of weak solution.     

The stability of set of generalized Ky Fan’s points

This paper is concerned with a generalized Ky Fan’s inequality. We first give an existence result of generalized Ky Fan’s (weak) efficient points, and then establish a complete metric space. Based on these results, we obtain the sufficient and necessary conditions of upper semicontinuity of efficient solution mapping to a generalized Ky Fan’s inequality. We also obtain the sufficient conditions of lower semicontinuity and continuity of efficient solution mapping to a generalized Ky Fan’s inequality. Our results are new and different from the corresponding ones in the literature.     

On a class of nonlinear variational–hemivariational inequalities

A three critical points theorem for nondifferentiable functions is pointed out and an existence result of multiple solutions for a Neumann elliptic variational–hemivariational inequality involving the p-laplacian is established. As an application, a Neumann problem for elliptic equations with discontinuous nonlinearities is studied.     

On generalized variational inequalities

We obtain a new version of the minimax inequality of Ky Fan. As an application, an existence result for the generalized variational inequality problem with set-valued mappings defined on noncompact sets in Hausdorff topological vector spaces is given. Also, some existence results for the generalized variational inequality problem for quasimonotone and pseudomonotone mappings are obtained. Dedicated to the memory of T. Rapcsák.     

Minimization principles for elliptic hemivariational inequalities

In this paper, we explore conditions under which certain elliptic hemivariational inequalities permit equivalent minimization principles. It is shown that for an elliptic variational–hemivariational inequality, under the usual assumptions that guarantee the solution existence and uniqueness, if an additional condition is satisfied, the solution of the variational–hemivariational inequality is also the minimizer of a corresponding energy functional. Then, two variants of the equivalence result are given, that are more convenient to use for applications in contact mechanics and in numerical analysis of the variational–hemivariational inequality. When the convex terms are dropped, the results on the elliptic variational–hemivariational inequalities are reduced to that on “pure” elliptic hemivariational inequalities. Finally, two representative examples from contact mechanics are discussed to illustrate application of the theoretical results.     

Three solutions for an obstacle problem for a class of variational–hemivariational inequalities

In this paper, we consider a class of obstacle problems for variational–hemivariational inequalities, by using nonsmooth version of three points critical theory in [S.A. Marano, D. Motreanu, On a three critical points theorem for non-differentiable functions and application to nonlinear boundary value problems, Nonlinear Anal. 48 (2002) 37–52], the existence of three solutions for the problem is obtained.     

Dynamic hemivariational inequality modeling viscoelastic contact problem with normal damped response and friction

In this article we examine an evolution problem, which describes the dynamic contact of a viscoelastic body and a foundation. The contact is modeled by a general normal damped response condition and a friction law, which are nonmonotone, possibly multivalued and have the subdifferential form. First we derive a formulation of the model in the form of a multidimensional hemivariational inequality. Then we establish a priori estimates and we prove the existence of weak solutions by using a surjectivity result for pseudomonotone operators. Finally, we deliver conditions under which the solution of the hemivariational inequality is unique.     

Vanishing viscosity for hemivariational inequalities modeling dynamic problems in elasticity

In this paper we consider a mathematical model describing a dynamic linear elastic contact problem with nonmonotone skin effects. The subdifferential multivalued and multidimensional reaction–displacement law is employed. We treat an evolution hemivariational inequality of hyperbolic type which is a weak formulation of this mechanical problem. We establish a result on the existence of solutions to the Cauchy problem for the hemivariational inequality. This result is a consequence of an existence theorem for second order evolution inclusion. For the latter, using the parabolic regularization method, we obtain the solution as a limit when the viscosity term tends to zero.     

A system of evolution hemivariational inequalities modeling thermoviscoelastic frictional contact

In this paper we prove the existence and uniqueness of the weak solution for a dynamic thermoviscoelastic problem which describes frictional contact between a body and a foundation. We employ the Kelvin–Voigt viscoelastic law, include the thermal effects and consider the general nonmonotone and multivalued subdifferential boundary conditions. The model consists of the system of the hemivariational inequality of hyperbolic type for the displacement and the parabolic hemivariational inequality for the temperature. The existence of solutions is proved by using a surjectivity result for operators of pseudomonotone type. The uniqueness is obtained for a large class of operators of subdifferential type satisfying a relaxed monotonicity condition.     

Periodic solutions to history-dependent differential hemivariational inequalities with applications

In this article, we investigate a hybrid model combined by a parabolic differential equation and a parabolic hemivariational inequality (so-called differential hemivariational inequality of parabolic–parabolic type) in general infinite dimensional spaces which includes the history-dependent operator. The solvability of initial value problems as well as the periodic problems of the hemivariational inequality and the differential hemivariational inequality have been proved. In application, we study a contact problem with normal compliance driven by a history-dependent dynamical system.     

Analysis of a general dynamic history-dependent variational–hemivariational inequality

This paper is devoted to the study of a general dynamic variational–hemivariational inequality with history-dependent operators. These operators appear in a convex potential and in a locally Lipschitz superpotential. The existence and uniqueness of a solution to the inequality problem is explored through a result on a class of nonlinear evolutionary abstract inclusions involving a nonmonotone multivalued term described by the Clarke generalized gradient. The result presented in this paper is new and general. It can be applied to study various dynamic contact problems. As an illustrative example, we apply the theory on a dynamic frictional viscoelastic contact problem in which the contact is modeled by a nonmonotone Clarke subdifferential boundary condition and the friction is described by a version of the Coulomb law of dry friction with the friction bound depending on the total slip.     

On Nash equilibria inN-person games over reflexive Banach spaces

In this note, an extended version of the Ky Fan inequality is obtained for reflexive Banach spaces. As an application of the result, it is proved that Nash equilibrium points exist under weaker conditions than those of Williams (Ref. 1).     

Optimal Shape Design Problems for a Class of Systems Described by Hemivariational Inequalities

Optimal shape design problems for systems governed by an elliptic hemivariational inequality are considered. A general existence result for this problem is established by the mapping method.     

Evolutionary variational-hemivariational inequalities: Existence and comparison results

We consider an evolutionary quasilinear hemivariational inequality under constraints represented by some closed and convex subset. Our main goal is to systematically develop the method of sub-supersolution on the basis of which we then prove existence, comparison, compactness and extremality results. The obtained results are applied to a general obstacle problem. We improve the corresponding results in the recent monograph [S. Carl, V.K. Le, D. Motreanu, Nonsmooth Variational Problems and Their Inequalities. Comparison Principles and Applications, Springer Monogr. Math., Springer, New York, 2007].     

Well-posedness for a Class of Variational–Hemivariational Inequalities with Perturbations

In this paper, we consider an extension of well-posedness for a minimization problem to a class of variational–hemivariational inequalities with perturbations. We establish some metric characterizations for the well-posed variational–hemivariational inequality and give some conditions under which the variational–hemivariational inequality is strongly well-posed in the generalized sense. Under some mild conditions, we also prove the equivalence between the well-posedness of variational–hemivariational inequality and the well-posedness of corresponding inclusion problem.     

Weak solutions to the generalized Navier–Stokes equations with mixed boundary conditions and implicit obstacle constraints

This paper is concerned with the investigation of a generalized Navier–Stokes equation for non-Newtonian fluids of Bingham-type (GNSE, for short) involving a multivalued and nonmonotone slip boundary condition formulated by the generalized Clarke subdifferential of a locally Lipschitz superpotential, a no leak boundary condition, and an implicit obstacle inequality. We obtain the weak formulation of (GNSE) which is a generalized quasi-variational–hemivariational inequality. By introducing an Oseen model as an auxiliary (intermediated) problem and employing Kakutani-Ky Fan theorem for multivalued operators as well as the theory of nonsmooth analysis, an existence theorem to (GNSE) is established.     

Optimal Control of Parabolic Hemivariational Inequalities

In this paper we study the optimal control of systems driven by parabolic hemivariational inequalities. First, we establish the existence of solutions to a parabolic hemivariational inequality which contains nonlinear evolution operator. Introducing a control variable in the second member and in the multivalued term, we prove the upper semicontinuity property of the solution set of the inequality. Then we use this result and the direct method of the calculus of variations to show the existence of optimal admissible state–control pairs.     

Unique solvability and exponential stability of differential hemivariational inequalities

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we study a differential hemivariational inequality (DHVI, for short) in the framework of reflexive Banach spaces. Our aim is three fold. The first one is to investigate the existence and the uniqueness of mild solution, by applying a general fixed-point principle. The second one is to study its exponential stability, by employing the formula for the variation of parameters and inequality techniques. Finally, the third aim is to illustrate an application of our abstract results in the study of an initial and boundary value problem which describes the contact of an elastic rod with an obstacle.     

Existence results for evolutionary inclusions and variational–hemivariational inequalities

We consider an abstract first-order evolutionary inclusion in a reflexive Banach space. The inclusion contains the sum of L-pseudomonotone operator and a maximal monotone operator. We provide an existence theorem which is a generalization of former results known in the literature. Next, we apply our result to the case of nonlinear variational–hemivariational inequalities considered in the setting of an evolution triple of spaces. We specify the multivalued operators in the problem and obtain existence results for several classes of variational–hemivariational inequality problems. Finally, we illustrate our existence result and treat a class of quasilinear parabolic problems under nonmonotone and multivalued flux boundary conditions.     

A class of differential hemivariational inequalities in Banach spaces

In this paper we investigate an abstract system which consists of a hemivariational inequality of parabolic type combined with a nonlinear evolution equation in the framework of an evolution triple of spaces which is called a differential hemivariational inequality [(DHVI), for short]. A hybrid iterative system corresponding to (DHVI) is introduced by using a temporally semi-discrete method based on the backward Euler difference scheme, i.e., the Rothe method, and a feedback iterative technique. We apply a surjectivity result for pseudomonotone operators and properties of the Clarke subgradient operator to establish existence and a priori estimates for solutions to an approximate problem. Finally, through a limiting procedure for solutions of the hybrid iterative system, the solvability of (DHVI) is proved without imposing any convexity condition on the nonlinear function \(u\mapsto f(t,x,u)\) and compactness of \(C_0\)-semigroup \(e^{A(t)}\).