柔性SrTiO_3/Ag/SrTiO_3复合结构透明导电薄膜的制备和性能研究

为获得高性能的柔性透明导电薄膜,采用磁控溅射技术在柔性PC衬底上制备出了STO(30nm)/Ag/STO(30nm)复合结构透明导电薄膜.分别对不同中间Ag层厚度薄膜的结构、光学和电学性质进行了研究.研究发现:随着中间Ag层厚度的增加,可见光区的平均透过率先增大后减小,电阻率和方块电阻持续减小;当中间Ag层厚度为11nm时,复合结构透明导电薄膜具有最佳的品质因子为14.23×10~(-3)Ω~(-1),此时,其可见光区平均透过率为82%,方块电阻为9.2Ω/sq..     

Sr-F共掺杂的SnO2基透明导电薄膜

利用离子源辅助的电子束热蒸发技术研制了高性能的Sr-F共掺杂SnO2( SFTO)基透明导电薄膜。所制备的SFTO薄膜具有良好的导电性和透过率,电阻率低于3.9×10-3Ω·cm,380~2500 nm波段的平均透过率大于85%,功函数约为5.10 eV。 SFTO透明导电薄膜为非晶态薄膜,具有较好的表面平整度( Rq <1.5 nm)。与工业上F掺杂SnO2薄膜的衬底温度(>450℃)相比,本文所用的衬底温度仅为300℃,有望直接将SnO2基透明导电非晶薄膜制备到柔性的塑料( PI、PAR或PCO)衬底上以获得性能良好的柔性电极。     

石墨烯/聚乙烯醇/聚偏氟乙烯基纳米复合薄膜的介电性能

石墨烯由于具有良好的力学性能、高的电子传递能力以及相对较低的生产成本等优势而受到广泛关注,但现在多将其直接分散在聚合物中提高聚合物的介电性能.本工作中,制备出了还原氧化石墨烯/PVA/聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)的三相纳米复合薄膜.首先把聚乙烯醇(PVA)和氧化石墨烯(GO)分散于二甲基亚砜(DMSO)中,得到PVA非共价键修饰的GO,再将PVDF溶于该混合液体中,通过溶液浇注以及低温加热过程得到三相纳米复合薄膜.实验结果表明,在120?C下,GO可以被热还原成还原氧化石墨烯(RGO),且可以促进PVDF的α相向β相转变.PVA修饰RGO比单纯RGO在PVDF基体中分散性要好,且使PVDF的球晶尺寸大大降低,复合薄膜的介电性能大幅提高.RGO/PVA/PVDF复合膜的渗流阈值f*_(vol)约为8.45 vol.%,在10~2Hz时RGO/PVA/PVDF复合膜的介电常数大约是纯PVDF的238倍.本工作为制备介电性能高、生产成本低、操作简单的聚合物纳米复合材料提供了一种好的方法.     

新型无铟透明导电-电致变色双功能MoO_3/Ag/MoO_3薄膜的制备及性能研究

研制了集电致变色和透明导电功能为一体的MoO_3/Ag/MoO_3(MAM)双功能薄膜。MAM薄膜采用电子束热蒸发技术在室温下制备。作为透明电极,MAM薄膜显示出良好的光电性能,可见光平均透过率为59.4%,方块电阻为12.2Ω/□。作为电致变色材料,MAM薄膜具有较快的响应时间(着色时间4.3 s,褪色时间11.1s),25%的光学对比度(528 nm),良好的稳定性(100次循环),以及较高的着色效率(40.5 cm~2·C~(-1)),在已报道的MoO_3着色效率中处于较高的水平。     

高柔性PVA-co-PE纳米纤维基复合导电透明膜的制备及性能研究

将具有独特叠层结构的聚乙烯醇-聚乙烯共聚物纳米纤维膜材料与环氧树脂复合,并引入紫外光吸收剂2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮,利用多相之间的强界面相互作用,制备得到了具有高柔韧性、高透明度和高紫外光过滤效果的复合透明膜.在该柔性基底上,通过压力转移法相继复合银纳米线层和还原氧化石墨烯层,形成了相互渗透的导电网络.最终得到面电阻为147Ω/Sq、可见光透过率约80%、紫外吸收率达90%的透明导电复合膜.该导电复合膜显示出良好的拉伸和弯曲性能,并在循环弯曲变形测试下保持良好的电学稳定性.     

基于Cr/Ag/WO_(3)薄膜的柔性反射式电致变色器件EI北大核心CSCD

柔性反射式电致变色器件在电子纸显示、伪装、智能变色表面等领域应用前景广阔,但仍存在柔性差、对比度低、稳定性不佳等问题。本工作采用电子束蒸发法在玻璃和柔性PET衬底上制备了Cr/Ag/WO_(3)(CAW)结构无铟反射式电致变色薄膜。CAW薄膜具有高反射率和低面电阻,其可见光平均反射率高达89.1%,面电阻仅为1.2Ω/□。在电致变色性能方面,CAW薄膜展示出快着色及褪色响应时间(分别为9.3 s和2.0 s)、高达83.0%(564 nm)的反射光学对比度、大范围的反射颜色调节(>40 nm)和良好的电化学循环稳定性(>4500次)。此外,CAW薄膜具有良好的衬底兼容性,我们制备了柔性CAW薄膜并组装了图案化柔性电致变色器件,柔性薄膜在弯折2000次后性质基本无衰减,对比度达83.2%(574 nm),器件在不同电压作用下实现了丰富的反射颜色动态调控。这些结果将为高性能柔性反射式电致变色器件构建提供简单有效的指导,在新型显示技术领域有一定应用潜力。     

基于中性水凝胶/取向碳纳米管阵列高电压柔性固态超级电容器

随着科技发展和时代进步,发展质轻便携、安全环保的高性能储能器件变得日趋重要,对柔性固态超级电容器的研究也应运而生.柔性电极材料及电解质的选用是设计柔性固态超级电容器的关键因素,近年来一直是研究的热点.考虑到环境污染及实际需求问题,本文采用中性凝胶电解质对具有高比表面积、良好导电性及取向性的碳纳米管阵列进行包埋处理,所形成的柔性复合薄膜作为电极材料,设计制备三明治结构的柔性超级电容器件.通过改变凝胶电解质中所加入的无机盐电解质种类,调控器件的电化学储能性质.最终在聚乙烯醇PVA-NaCl作为凝胶电解质时,整个器件比容量最高达104.5 mF·cm~(–3),远高于有机离子凝胶与碳管阵列形成的复合器件以及无规分布的碳纳米管与水凝胶形成的复合器件,同时获得了0.034 mW·h·cm~(–3)的最大能量密度,并且具有良好的倍率性能、循环稳定性及抑制自放电的效果,并在高电压1.6 V下依然保持良好的化学稳定性.这种中性凝胶/碳管阵列复合超级电容器件不仅满足了绿色安全、柔性便携的要求,未来在医学可植入器件等领域也具有很好的应用前景.     

基于铝浸润层的超薄银透明导电薄膜研究北大核心CSCD

超薄银薄膜具有高柔韧性和优良的光电性能,是用于透明导电电极的潜在材料。通过电阻热蒸发技术以金属铝作为浸润层制备超薄银透明导电薄膜。引入铝浸润层降低银薄膜的阈值厚度,使银薄膜在K9玻璃基底上以尽可能低的厚度达到连续。对不同厚度铝浸润层上银薄膜方块电阻进行测试,经SEM图像验证后得出,1 nm铝浸润层对银薄膜具有较好的浸润效果。随后采用相同的工艺在1 nm铝浸润层上制备了不同厚度的银薄膜,透过率和方阻测试结果表明,1 nm铝浸润层上制备的10 nm银薄膜方阻值可达到13Ω/,其在0.4μm~2.5μm波段内透过率可达到50%以上。     

基于石墨烯/PEDOT：PSS叠层薄膜的柔性OLED器件

石墨烯具有独特的电学性能、优异的机械延展性和良好的化学稳定性,是制备高性能导电薄膜的理想材料,但是当前石墨烯的高电阻率限制了它的实际应用。本文采用喷涂方法制备了石墨烯/聚（3,4-亚乙二氧基噻吩）-聚（苯乙烯磺酸）（PEDOT：PSS）复合导电薄膜,对复合薄膜的表面形貌与光电性能进行了研究。PEDOT：PSS的引入不仅降低了石墨烯薄膜的表面电阻,同时还平滑了薄膜表面。在此基础上,成功制备了柔性黄光有机电致发光器件,器件在12 V时达到效率最大值0.9 cd/A。器件在曲率半径为10 mm时弯曲了100次后,发光亮度并无明显变化。该复合薄膜可实际应用于柔性有机电致发光显示器件。     

GaInP/GaAs太阳电池的柔性封装及稳定性

柔性Ⅲ-Ⅴ薄膜太阳电池通常被作为空间电源在航天器上使用,而在实际应用中适宜的封装材料可以保护电池免受水分、氧化、污染物等环境因素的影响.因此,探究合适的柔性封装方案和电池性能的长期稳定性至关重要.本文利用电阻焊方法将制备好的柔性双结GaInP/GaAs太阳电池进行焊接,之后采用具有高透光性的薄膜材料和热熔胶与柔性电池进行层压封装并研究了其在恶劣储存条件下的性能稳定性和环境耐受性.研究结果表明,柔性封装太阳电池在1000 h以上的温度为85℃,相对湿度85%(85℃/85%RH)的湿热试验以及108次温度范围为–60℃—75℃的冷热循环老化试验后仍然保持了很好的稳定性,表明封装工艺对柔性太阳电池具有较好的保护作用.此外,基于二极管模型的电学仿真结果表明,柔性封装后电池性能的改变是由于载流子复合增强,从而降低了开路电压.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.     

Fiber Modal Index Measurements Based on Fiber Gratings

A novel method based on fiber gratings for measuring the effective indices of fiber modes is proposed. The effective index difference between the core mode and a cladding mode was obtained by analyzing the interference fringe of a pair of cascaded long-period fiber gratings. In order to extract the core mode index from the measured index difference, an index matching oil immersion method is proposed. By analyzing the interaction between the cladding mode and the oil applied on the cladding surface, the mode order and the effective index of the involved cladding mode might be calculated. Experimental results about the interference fringe shifts induced by the oil index and the oil-applied length are also presented.     

Optical Pulse Compression Schemes That Use Nonlinear Bragg Gratings

Nonlinear optical pulse compression of picosecond pulses typically requires long lengths of optical fiber and multiple components. Periodic structures, such as fiber Bragg gratings, are highly dispersive at wavelengths outside of the photonic bandgap. This implies that such gratings can be used as very short all-fiber compressors. In this paper a number of such compression schemes are reviewed involving uniform and nonuniform fiber Bragg gratings, relying on both soliton and nonsoliton compression principles. Experimental results supporting the corresponding underlying theory are also presented. Finally, an extension of one of the compression schemes is shown, which allows the generation of adjustable high-repetition rate soliton trains.