17O excess transfer during the NO2 + O3 → NO3 + O2 reaction

The ozone molecule possesses a unique and distinctive (17)O excess (Δ(17)O), which can be transferred to some of the atmospheric molecules via oxidation. This isotopic signal can be used to trace oxidation reactions in the atmosphere. However, such an approach depends on a robust and quantitative understanding of the oxygen transfer mechanism, which is currently lacking for the gas-phase NO(2) + O(3) reaction, an important step in the nocturnal production of atmospheric nitrate. In the present study, the transfer of Δ(17)O from ozone to nitrate radical (NO(3)) during the gas-phase NO(2) + O(3) → NO(3) + O(2) reaction was investigated in a series of laboratory experiments. The isotopic composition (δ(17)O, δ(18)O) of the bulk ozone and the oxygen gas produced in the reaction was determined via isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The Δ(17)O transfer function for the NO(2) + O(3) reaction was determined to be: Δ(17)O(O(3)?) = (1.23 ± 0.19) × Δ(17)O(O(3))(bulk) + (9.02 ± 0.99). The intramolecular oxygen isotope distribution of ozone was evaluated and results suggest that the excess enrichment resides predominantly on the terminal oxygen atoms of ozone. The results obtained in this study will be useful in the interpretation of high Δ(17)O values measured for atmospheric nitrate, thus leading to a better understanding of the natural cycling of atmospheric reactive nitrogen.     

Electron transfer NO_2~++NO→NO_2+NO~+ in aromatic nitration

A simple model for computing the electron transfer rate constant of a cross-reaction has been proposed in the framework of semiclassical theory and employed to investigate the electron transfer system NO2+/NO.The encounter complex of electron transfer NO2++NO→NO2+NO+has been optimized at the level of UHF/6-31G.In the construction of diabatic potential energy surfaces the linear coordinate was used and the kinetic quantities,such as the activation energies and the electron transfer matrix elements,have been obtained.For comparison,the related self-exchange reation systems NO2+/NO2 and NO+/NO were kinetically investigated.The calculated activation energies for the electron transfer reactions of systems NO2+/NO,NO2+/NO2,and NO+/NO are 81 4,128.8,and 39.8kJ mol-1,respectively With the solvent effect taken into account,the contribution of solvent reorganization to the activation energy has been estimated according to the geometric parameters of the transition states.The obtained rate constants show that the     

Photoinduced energy transfer and charge transfer on squarylium cyanine dyes

A series of squarylium cyanine dyes (Sqs) were synthesized to explore their applications in functional devices.Preliminary investigation on the mechanism involved in these devices was carried out.Spectroscopic behavior of Sqs with porphyrin (P),8-hydroxyquinolium aluminum (Alq) and ruthenium bipyridyl complex (Ru(bipy)) in solution,in film and on nanocrystalline TiO2 was investigated,respectively.A mechanism including photoinduced energy transfer and charge transfer processes was suggested in the corresponding practical devices.By means of doping,a red organic electroluminescent device (ELD) using Sq-doped Alq as the emission layer (EML) has been developed,and the total light to electricity efficiency of nanocrystalline TiO2 electrode based on using Sq-doped Ru(bipy) as photosensitizer has been improved greatly in the whole visible region,particularly in the red area above 600 nm.     

Catalytic NO Reduction by NO Pre-Adsorbed RhCeO2NO− Clusters

A fundamental understanding on the dynamically structural evolution of catalysts induced by reactant gases under working conditions is challenging but pivotal in catalyst design. Herein, in combination with state-of-the-art mass spectrometry for cluster reactions, cryogenic photoelectron imaging spectroscopy, and quantum-chemical calculations, we identified that NO adsorption on rhodium-cerium bimetallic oxide cluster RhCeO₂⁻ can create a Ce³⁺ ion in product RhCeO₂NO⁻ that serves as the starting point to trigger the catalysis of NO reduction by CO. Theoretical calculations substantiated that the reduction of another two NO molecules into N₂O takes place exclusively on the Ce³⁺ ion while Rh behaves like a promoter to buffer electrons and cooperates with Ce³⁺ to drive NO reduction. Our finding demonstrates the importance of NO in regulating the catalytic behavior of Rh under reaction conditions and provides much-needed insights into the essence of NO reduction over Rh/CeO₂, one of the most efficient components in three-way catalysts for NO_x removal.     

Temperature dependence of the reaction NO + NO3 → 2NO2

The flash photolysis-visible absorption technique has been used to measure rate constants for the reaction NO + NO₃ → 2NO₂ (1) over the temperature range 224–328 K. The temperature dependence of the rate constant is given by the expression k₁(T) = (1.59 ± 0.32) × 10⁻¹¹exp(122/T) cm³ molecule⁻¹ s⁻¹ where the stated uncertainties refer to the ± 2σ limits from both random and systematic errors.     

Stimuli-responsive organic phosphorescence through energy transfer

Organic room-temperature phosphorescence(RTP)has attracted much academic and engineering interest in the fields of bioimaging,light-emitting devices,and anti-counterfeiting.It is documented that the triplet excitons for generating RTP in molecular systems are highly sensitive to external quenchers(such as oxygen and water).     

镉还原法测定血清NO稳定代谢产物NO3-/NO2-

建立了血清NO的间接测定方法。采用正交设计法[L9(3^4)]观察不同还原剂及其用量,原时间和温度对NO3^-还原率的影响。最佳还原条件为400mg镀铜镉粒室温还原120min,还原率达97%以上。方法简便易行,不需昂贵设备,准确度较高,适合一般实验室用于各种生物医学实验中NO的间接测定。     

分子筛对NO和NO2的吸附性能

在常压下研究了多种分子筛上NO和NO2的吸附和脱附情况.结果表明,有O2存在时,O2与NO生成的NO2可与NO共吸附在分子筛上,显著促进了NO在分子筛特别是Na型分子筛上的吸附.在所研究的ZSM-5,13X,SAPO,Y,β和A分子筛中,Hβ分子筛在无氧条件下对NO的吸附能力最强;13X分子筛在有氧条件下对NOx的吸附能力最强,且对NOx的吸附性能具有很好的重复性.     

Solvent effects on competitive intramolecular electron transfer and energy transfer in a covalently linked porphyrin-phthalocyanine heterodimer

Photophysical properties of a porphyrin-phthalocyanine heterodimer covalently linked with a dipentoxy chain have been studied.Absorption spectra show that there is weak exciton coupling between the two chromophores in the ground state.Fluorescence spectra show that intramolecular energy transfer from porphyrin to phthalocyanine moiety occurs in competition with electron transfer.The efficiency of these two processes depends upon the mutual orientation of the two chromophores.The effect of solvent polarity on the intramolecular processes is also discussed.     

Rotational energy transfer in the NO A 2Σ+(v' = 0) state with He and Ar

Rotational energy transfer cross sections are determined for NO (A ²Σ⁺, v' = 0, N' = 0, 7, and 15) +He and NO (A ²Σ⁺, v' = 0, N' = 0) +Ar by the two-color, double-resonance ionization method. Rotational jumps up to ΔN' = 8 take place as a single collision event. The cross sections determined are discussed in terms of the IOS and ECS scaling laws.     

活性炭纤维吸附脱除NO过程中NO氧化路径分析

在小型固定床吸附实验台上开展了黏胶基活性炭纤维吸附脱除NO的实验研究。采用H₂O₂溶液浸渍以及热处理方法对活性炭纤维表面进行修饰,以获得表面孔隙结构接近而含氧官能团含量不同的样品;考察样品在惰性氮气气氛、含氧气氛下吸附脱除NO的效果,以及表面含氧含氮官能团的变化规律。探讨了含氧官能团在NO催化氧化过程中的作用及含氧气氛下O₂对于NO转化为NO₂的影响,分析了活性炭纤维表面吸附的NO向NO₂的主要转化途径。结果表明,在氮气气氛下活性炭纤维表面C-O官能团对吸附态的NO起到氧化作用,吸附态NO被C-O官能团氧化生成-NO₂官能团;在含氧气氛下活性炭纤维吸附NO后表面出现-NO₂、-NO₃官能团,通过长时间实验测定三种样品在含氧气氛下对NO吸附的效果,发现三种样品稳定时催化氧化效果一致,表明含氧官能团对初始NO的物理吸附影响较大,而对整个吸附过程影响较小。吸附在活性炭纤维表面上的NO与环境气氛中的游离态O₂发生氧化反应是NO转变为NO₂的主要途径。     

Excitation energy transfer mechanism in C-phycocyanin hexamer

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新型NO供体的合成及其体外释放NO性能

新型NO供体的合成及其体外释放NO性能;金属卟啉;NO载体;合成;体外释NO作用     

Gas-Phase reactions of NO2− with nitrobenzenes and quinones. Electron transfer,clusters and formation of phenoxide and quinoxide negative ions. Use of NO2 as a negative ion chemical ionization reagent

Negative-ion/molecule reactions in systems containing methane as the major gas (∼ 4 torr), with NO₂ and compounds A at mtorr pressures were studied in a pulsed electron, high pressure mass spectrometer. The compounds A were substituted nitrobenzenes and quinones. All these A compounds have positive electron affinities. Three types of reactions were observed and examined. (1) Electron transfer: A⁻ + NO₂ = A + NO₂⁻. The exothermic electron transfer reactions proceeded with ADO collision rates for exothermicities from 30 to ∼ 10 kcal mol⁻¹. Lower exothermicities led to low collision yields. (2) Adduct formation: NO₂⁻ + A = NO₂⁻·A. The equilibria for adduct formation were determined. Stable adducts are formed when A has hydrogens with partial protic character. The stability of the adducts NO₂⁻·A increased with increase in the electron affinity of A, when A was a substituted nitrobenzene. Substituents that increase the electron affinity of nitrobenzene are electron-withdrawing groups which also increase the protic character of the hydrogens involved in bonding in NO₂⁻·A. (3) Some of the compounds A were converted to phenoxy negative ions on reaction with NO₂⁻. For example, para-dinitrobenzene leads to formation of the para-nitrophenoxide negative ion. The oxy-negative-ion-forming reaction can be isomer specific. The utility of reaction types (1)–(3) is examined from the standpoint of negative ion chemical ionization where the reagent gas is NO₂ in methane and the reagent ion is NO₂⁻.     

NO的催化氧化

采用傅里叶变换红外光谱定量分析方法研究了γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３,ＴｉＯ２和硅胶负载的金属氧化物和贵金属催化剂对ＮＯ催化氧化反应的活性,考察了反应温度、活性组分负载量、空速及预氧化还原处理等因素对催化剂活性的影响,并以ＮＯ的催化氧化机理为基础,对各种因素影响机理进行了分析,实验结果表明,ＭｎＯ,Ｃｒ２Ｏ３和Ｃｏ３Ｏ４催化剂的活性较好：预处理条件对贵金属催化剂Ｐｔ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３的活性影响较大,不同载体及不同的活     

微波放电脱除NO

报道一种不用催化剂,一步脱除NO的新方法--常压微波放电法。探讨在(NO,He),(NO.O₂,He)和(NO,O₂,H₂O,He)体系中微波放电脱除NO的差异。研究结果表明,在(NO,He)条件下可实现一步高效脱除NO,在(NO,O₂,He)条件下也可实现80%左右的NO转化,其中N₂的选择性高达80%,而H₂O的加入并未影响N₂的产率。同时发现,随着微波功率的加大,NO转化率也增大,而N₂的选择性增大得更多。最终可达到一个平衡值。最后研究了NO和O₂浓度及气体流量对NO脱除的影响。     

Theoretical study of intramolecular proton transfer of perylenequinone

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Ruthenium catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of β-ketoesters

Chemoselective transfer hydrogenation of β-ketoesters to the corresponding alcohols is achieved in the presence of catalytic combinations of [RuCl₂(η⁶-arene)]₂ and ephedrine or diamino type chiral ligands with activities up to 190 h⁻¹ at 20°C and moderate to good enantiomeric excesses ranging from 36 to 94%.     

Photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer between fluorescein and carbazole

Several dyads consisting of a fluoreseein covalently linked with a carhazole at site 2 or site 6 have been synthesized and characterized.Studies of absorption spectra,emission spectra and fluorescence lifetime quern hing Indicate that the ground-state interaction between fluorescein and carhazole in dyads is negligible and the intramolecular electron transfer (ET) reactions are mainly of dynamic process.Moreover,the efficiency and raie conslam of lectron transfer reactions in ZFO4 (carbazole linked at site 2'of fluorescein) are larg er than those in 4FOZ (carbazole linked at site 6 of fluorescein) 0 74; KET 11×108S-1),because the mutual orientation of donor and acceptor in ZFO4 is nearly face-to-face,which is more favorable to the process than the shoulder-to-shoulder mutual orientation in 4FOZ.Estimations are also formed of the free energy change of the photomduced electron transfer and the back reactions in the dyads.