芥子碱与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

利用荧光光谱法研究了新芥子碱与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用,结果表明,新芥子碱对牛血清白蛋白的荧光有猝灭作用,且荧光光谱有较大的红移,其猝灭类型属于静态猝灭;根据Stern-Volmer荧光猝灭方程计算得到不同温度下的新芥子碱和BSA的结合常数和结合位点数;由实验计算得到该猝灭反应的热力学参数,表明新芥子碱与BSA之间相互作用以氢键和范德华力为主;根据能量转移理论求得新芥子碱与BSA的结合距离及能量转移率。     

白杨素磺酸盐与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

合成了白杨素磺酸钠和白杨素磺酸钙两种白杨素磺酸盐衍生物,并分别采用荧光光谱法研究了它们与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用。结果表明:两种白杨素磺酸盐对BSA有较强的荧光猝灭作用,根据Stern-Volmer方程得到的荧光猝灭常数,可判断由于与白杨素磺酸盐反应而导致BSA的荧光猝灭均属于静态猝灭。采用位点结合模型公式和Frster非辐射能量转移理论计算了结合常数、结合位点数、结合距离。从计算得到的热力学参数焓变ΔH和熵变ΔS,推断了白杨素磺酸钠与BSA之间的作用力为静电引力,而白杨素磺酸钙与BSA之间的作用力为氢键和范德华力。并应用同步荧光技术研究了白杨素磺酸盐对BSA构象的影响。     

光谱法研究呋苄西林钠与牛血清白蛋白的作用

采用紫外、荧光、红外光谱法研究了磷酸缓冲液中呋苄西林钠(FBS)与牛血清蛋白(BSA)的相互作用。结果表明,FBS与BSA有较强的相互作用,FBS对BSA内源荧光有猝灭作用,静态猝灭是引起BSA荧光猝灭的主要原因。按照Stern-Volmer方程和双对数方程分析处理实验数据,得到了不同温度下FBS与BSA反应的结合常数和结合位点数,常温(26℃)下,分别为1.04×105和1.09;实验结果还表明,FBS与BSA之间的相互作用影响了BSA的二级结构,使其构象发生变化。     

荧光光谱法研究注射用头孢美唑钠与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

运用荧光光谱法研究了注射用头孢美唑钠(Cefmetazole Sodium,CS)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用.CS对BSA具有荧光猝灭作用,其猝灭方式为静态猝灭,求出了猝灭常数,结合常数及结合位点数.在297 K和311 K时用Stern-Volmer方程和热力学方程处理实验数据,得到了结合常数KA、热力学参数...     

盐酸异丙肾上腺素与牛血清白蛋白相互作用

采用荧光猝灭法和毛细管区带电泳法研究了盐酸异丙肾上腺素（IH）与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的相互作用。荧光猝灭法研究表明:IH对BSA有较强的荧光猝灭作用,根据Stern-Volmer方程得到猝灭速率常数（K_q）为2.53×10¹³ L·mol^-1·s^-1,该荧光猝灭属于静态猝灭。采用位点结合模型公式计算得结合常数为1.72×10⁴ L·mol^-1,结合位点数n为1;毛细管区带电泳法研究表明:IH与BSA的结合常数为4.07×10⁴ L·mol^-1,结合位点数n为1。     

荧光光谱法研究木犀草素、芹菜素或葛根素与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用机理

利用紫外可见光谱和荧光光谱法研究三种黄酮类药物木犀草素、芹菜素和葛根素与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)在不同温度下(292 K和311 K)的相互作用。结果表明:三种黄酮类药物与牛血清白蛋白形成复合物导致牛血清白蛋白荧光猝灭,试验数据采用Stern-Volmer拟合方程处理及双对数方程处理,进一步证明结合反应引起的荧光猝灭属于静态猝灭。采用位点结合模型公式、热力学公式和F rster非辐射能量转移理论计算了结合常数、结合位点数及作用力类型以及结合距离。     

金属离子对叶酸与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的影响

用荧光光度法及紫外分光光度法研究了生理条件下金属离子Ca2+、Cu2+和Zn2+对叶酸(FA)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)相互作用的影响。结果表明:叶酸及金属离子均导致BSA的内源荧光猝灭,根据Stern-Volmer方程得到的荧光猝灭常数,可判断猝灭机制均为静态猝灭。由计算得到的热力学参数熵变ΔS和Gibbs自由能ΔG得出:推断无金属离子存在时,FA与BSA之间的作用力为静电作用力;在Ca2+的存在下,FA对BSA的作用力主要为氢键与范德华力;Cu2+和Zn2+存在下,FA对BSA的作用力主要为疏水作用力。3种金属离子的参与都使得FA与BSA结合作用的表观结合常数发生了的变化,但结合位点数仍维持在1左右。     

光谱法结合原子力显微镜研究呋喃唑酮与牛血清白蛋白的作用机理

在人体生理(pH=7.4)条件下,应用荧光光谱和紫外光谱法研究药物呋喃唑酮与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)相互作用的机理,确定了呋喃唑酮对BSA的荧光猝灭机制。采用Stern-Volmer方程求出其相互作用的猝灭常数,并由双对数方程求出结合常数Ka和结合位点数n,采用热力学方法判别作用力类型。实验结果指出两者之间相互作用引起的荧光猝灭属静态方式,298K下结合常数Ka为6.50×106 L·mol~(-1),结合位点数n约为1,而作用力类型是氢键和范德华力。另外,还采用红外(IR)光谱、圆二色谱(CD)和原子力显微镜(AFM)研究了呋喃唑酮对BSA构象的影响。     

刺芒柄花素与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的研究

应用荧光猝灭法研究了刺芒柄花素(For)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用机理,并利用Stern-Volmer方程和Lineweaver-Burk方程,探讨了For对BSA的猝灭机制,结合常数Ka和结合位点数n,相互作用力等.为研究For的药理作用和生物学效应,及For对蛋白质构像的影响等提供了实验依据.     

橙皮苷及其4种金属配合物与牛血清白蛋白结合作用的研究

合成了4种橙皮苷的金属配合物,采用紫外-可见、荧光光谱法研究了橙皮苷4种金属配合物与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用。由Stern-Volmer方程和双倒数曲线Lineweaver-Burk方程获得了反应的动态猝灭常数、静态猝灭常数,从而判断出橙皮苷-锌与BSA作用机理为静态猝灭,其它配合物与BSA的作用为动态猝灭。并用热力学方法对结合反应的作用力类型做出了推断,橙皮苷-锌与BSA之间的作用力为静电作用。并得出了橙皮苷金属配合物与血清白蛋白作用的结合常数、结合位点数。同时采用同步荧光光谱法研究了橙皮苷金属配合物对BSA构象的影响。     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。