半环的强分配格上的环同余

主要讨论了在一定条件下半环的强分配格S上的环同余ρ与半环族{Sα}α∈D上的环同余族{ρα}α∈D之间的关系.     

Complete congruence lattices of join-infinite distributive lattices

Received July 26, 1993; accepted in final form July 16, 1996.     

Gamma invariants for dense lattices

A subclass of the class of dense lattices, called strongly dense lattices, is defined and its properties investigated. In particular, an invariant of strongly dense lattices is defined and shown to take all possible values. Connections to module theory are explored, including some constructions of von Neumann regular rings with strongly dense lattices of two-sided ideals. Received September 16, 1997; accepted in final form July 22, 1998.     

Bounded distributive lattices with strict implication

The present paper introduces and studies the variety WH of weakly Heyting algebras. It corresponds to the strict implication fragment of the normal modal logic K which is also known as the subintuitionistic local consequence of the class of all Kripke models. The tools developed in the paper can be applied to the study of the subvarieties of WH; among them are the varieties determined by the strict implication fragments of normal modal logics as well as varieties that do not arise in this way as the variety of Basic algebras or the variety of Heyting algebras. Apart from WH itself the paper studies the subvarieties of WH that naturally correspond to subintuitionistic logics, namely the variety of R‐weakly Heyting algebras, the variety of T‐weakly Heyting algebras and the varieties of Basic algebras and subresiduated lattices. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Free complex Banach lattices

The construction of the free Banach lattice generated by a real Banach space is extended to the complex setting. It is shown that for every complex Banach space E there is a complex Banach lattice ${\text{FBL}}_{\mathbb{C}}[E]$ containing a linear isometric copy of E and satisfying the following universal property: for every complex Banach lattice $X_{\mathbb{C}}$, every operator $T:E\to X_{\mathbb{C}}$ admits a unique lattice homomorphic extension $\stackrel{?}{T}:{\text{FBL}}_{\mathbb{C}}[E]\to X_{\mathbb{C}}$ with $6\stackrel{?}{T}6=6T6$. The free complex Banach lattice ${\text{FBL}}_{\mathbb{C}}[E]$ is shown to have analogous properties to those of its real counterpart. However, examples of non-isomorphic complex Banach spaces E and F can be given so that ${\text{FBL}}_{\mathbb{C}}[E]$ and ${\text{FBL}}_{\mathbb{C}}[F]$ are lattice isometric. The spectral theory of induced lattice homomorphisms on ${\text{FBL}}_{\mathbb{C}}[E]$ is also explored.     

分配格中模糊理想诱导的模糊幂格

在模糊幂格讨论基础上,给出了由分配格中模糊理想诱导的两种模糊幂格.     

Semidistributive and distributively decomposable rings

A module is said to be distributive if the lattice of all its submodules is distributive. A module is called semidistributive if it is a direct sum of distributive modules. Right semidistributive rings, as well as distributively decomposable rings, are investigated. Translated fromMatematicheskie Zemetki, Vol. 65, No. 2, pp. 307–313, February, 1999.     

Weakly left localizable rings

A new class of rings, the class of weakly left localizable rings, is introduced. A ring R is called weakly left localizable if each non-nilpotent element of R is invertible in some left localization S^?1R of the ring R. Explicit criteria are given for a ring to be a weakly left localizable ring provided the ring has only finitely many maximal left denominator sets (eg, this is the case for all left Noetherian rings). It is proved that a ring with finitely many maximal left denominator sets that satisfies some natural conditions is a weakly left localizable ring iff its left quotient ring is a direct product of finitely many local rings such that their radicals are nil ideals.     

Actions of Boolean rings on sets

LetB be a Boolean ring (with 1),S a sheaf of sets on the Stone space Spec(B), andS the set of global sections of S. For everya B ands, t S, leta(s, t) denote the element ofS which agrees withs on the support ofa, and witht elsewhere.We set down identities satisfied by this ternary operationB×S×SS (involving also the Boolean operations ofB). For a fixed Boolean ringB, we call a setS given with a ternary operation satisfying these identities aBset. The above construction is shown to give a functorial equivalence between sheaves of setsS on Spec(B) with nonempty sets of global sections, and nonemptyB-setsS. For any setA, the bounded Boolean powerA[B]^* is the freeB-set onA. The varieties ofB-sets, asB ranges over all Boolean rings, constitute (together with one trivial variety) the least nontrivial hypervariety of algebras, in the sense of W. Taylor.This work was done while the author was partly supported by NSF contract DMS 85-02330.Presented by R. S. Pierce.     

Distributively generated rings and distributive modules

A module is said to be distributively generated if it is generated by distributive submodules. We prove that the endomorphism ring of a finitely generated projective right module over a right distributively generated ring is a right distributively generated ring. IfM is a module over a ringA andA/J(A) is a normal exchange ring, thenM is a distributive module⇔M is a Bezout module. Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 68, No. 4, pp. 568–578, October, 2000.     

2-Normalization of lattices

Let τ be a type of algebras. A valuation of terms of type τ is a function v assigning to each term t of type τ a value v(t) ⩾ 0. For k ⩾ 1, an identity s ≈ t of type τ is said to be k-normal (with respect to valuation v) if either s = t or both s and t have value ⩾ k. Taking k = 1 with respect to the usual depth valuation of terms gives the well-known property of normality of identities. A variety is called k-normal (with respect to the valuation v) if all its identities are k-normal. For any variety V, there is a least k-normal variety N _k (V) containing V, namely the variety determined by the set of all k-normal identities of V. The concept of k-normalization was introduced by K. Denecke and S. L. Wismath in their paper (Algebra Univers., 50, 2003, pp.107–128) and an algebraic characterization of the elements of N _k (V) in terms of the algebras in V was given in (Algebra Univers., 51, 2004, pp. 395–409). In this paper we study the algebras of the variety N ₂(V) where V is the type (2, 2) variety L of lattices and our valuation is the usual depth valuation of terms. We introduce a construction called the 3-level inflation of a lattice, and use the order-theoretic properties of lattices to show that the variety N ₂(L) is precisely the class of all 3-level inflations of lattices. We also produce a finite equational basis for the variety N ₂(L). This research was supported by Research Project MSM6198959214 of the Czech Government and by NSERC of Canada.     

Layer-projective lattices. I

The class of layer-projective lattices is singled out. For example, it contains the lattices of subgroups of finite Abelianp-groups, finite modular lattices of centralizers that are indecomposable into a finite sum, and lattices of subspaces of a finite-dimensional linear space over a finite field that are invariant with respect to a linear operator with zero eigenvalues. In the class of layer-projective lattices, the notion of type (of a lattice) is naturally introduced and the isomorphism problem for lattices of the same type is posed. This problem is positively solved for some special types of layer-projective lattices. The main method is the layer-wise lifting of the coordinates. Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 63, No. 2, pp. 170–182, February, 1998.     

Structural matrix algebras related to finite distributive lattices

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the relation between a structural matrix algebra and the lattice properties of its lattice of invariant subspaces, and reprove known results in a fresh and an explanatory way. Moreover, we also prove the theorem which is partially converse of Proposition 2.6 of [15].     

Semilattices of finitely generated ideals of exchange rings with finite stable rank

We find a distributive -semilattice of size that is not isomorphic to the maximal semilattice quotient of any Riesz monoid endowed with an order-unit of finite stable rank. We thus obtain solutions to various open problems in ring theory and in lattice theory. In particular:

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There is no exchange ring (thus, no von Neumann regular ring and no C*-algebra of real rank zero) with finite stable rank whose semilattice of finitely generated, idempotent-generated two-sided ideals is isomorphic to  .

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There is no locally finite, modular lattice whose semilattice of finitely generated congruences is isomorphic to .

These results are established by constructing an infinitary statement, denoted here by , that holds in the maximal semilattice quotient of every Riesz monoid endowed with an order-unit of finite stable rank, but not in the semilattice  .

     

Index of lattices and Hilbert polynomials

An upper bound for the index of a sublattice, which arises in relation to various versions of zero lemmas in the theory of linear forms in logarithms of algebraic numbers, in terms of the Hilbert polynomial is found. Simultaneously, a lower bound for the values of this polynomial is obtained.