采用实时直接分析质谱法原位快速鉴别茶叶

采用近年来发展迅速的常温常压离子化技术——实时直接分析质谱法,建立了对茶叶中主要成分如茶氨酸、咖啡碱等的快速测定方法,通过特征的质谱信号离子,实现了对不同茶叶的快速鉴别。实时直接分析质谱法在大气压下进行,无需对茶叶进行任何的样品处理,大大缩短了分析时间,实现了原位、快速、准确且高通量的检测。     

实时直接分析-高分辨质谱法快速检测化妆品中的氯霉素

建立了一种用于化妆品中氯霉素快速检测的实时直接分析-高分辨质谱法。样品以乙醇为提取溶剂超声、振荡萃取,纯水稀释1倍后,采用12 Dip-it Samplers模式进样,在负离子模式下,以全扫描-平行反应监测(Full MS-PRM)模式进行直接定量分析。离子化温度为500 ℃,进样速度为0.3 mm/s。结果表明,氯霉素在0～100 mg/L范围内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数(r)为0.998　4,方法定量下限(LOQ)为3.0 mg/kg。在3.0、6.0、30 mg/kg 3个加标水平下的回收率为70.2%～119%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为8.4%～17%。该方法具有样品前处理简单、分析速度快、基质干扰小等优点,适用于化妆品中氯霉素的快速检测。     

原位电离实时直接分析串联质谱法鉴别中药泽泻化学成分

建立原位电离实时直接分析串联质谱法快速鉴别中药泽泻中的化学成分.使用质谱正离子全扫描采集泽泻的DART–MS特征图谱,通过与已报道的泽泻化学成分的相对分子质量比对确证泽泻醇类成分.在正离子模式下,泽泻固体样品直接显示特征指纹离子,液体样品图谱中出现文献报道的23-乙酰泽泻醇B(m/z 515)、泽泻醇C(m/z 487...     

气相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定驱蚊护肤品中10种昆虫驱避剂

建立气相色谱–串联质谱快速检测驱蚊护肤品中10种昆虫驱避剂的分析方法。10种驱避剂包括避蚊胺、N,N-二乙基苯乙酰胺、避蚊酮、驱蚊酯、1-乙酰基-1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉、羟派酯、苯甲酸苄酯、驱蝇定、驱蚊叮、增效胺。样品用丙酮超声萃取,以HP–5MS UI毛细管色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm, 0.25μm)进行分离,对碎片离子进行扫描,以保留时间与离子丰度比进行定性,外标法定量。10种昆虫驱避剂的质量浓度在1.0～64.0 mg/L范围内与定量离子的响应值呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.999,方法检出限(S/N=3)为0.2～5.6 mg/kg。加标回收率为88.8%～96.2%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.5%～4.9%(n=6)。该方法抗干扰能力强,检出限低,满足驱蚊护肤品中有效成分的定性、定量要求。     

实时直接分析-串联质谱法快速筛查火锅底料、牛肉面汤及调味料中罂粟壳生物碱

建立了采用实时直接分析-串联质谱(DART-MS/MS)对火锅底料、牛肉面汤及调味料中5种非法添加的罂粟壳生物碱进行快速筛查的方法。样品经乙腈提取净化后,在离子化温度为300℃、栅极电压为150 V、进样速率为0.8 m m/s的DART离子源正离子模式条件下进样,以电喷雾离子源正离子多反应监测(MRM)模式进行检测,实现了样品经简单预处理后使用DART-MS/MS进行检测的新方法。该方法简便、快速,能满足大批量非法添加样品的快速筛查分析要求。     

DART-Orbitrap质谱法对黄芩药材的快速分析

将实时直接分析(DART)离子源与高分辨率质谱Orbitrap联用,建立了一种对黄芩药材进行快速定性定量分析的方法。定性分析时,对其中的化学成分进行标准品比对和二级质谱确证,同时参考相应文献进行确认。定量分析时,采用Full MS-SIM及Targeted-MS2扫描方式采集信号,Targeted-MS2扫描方式下分别对黄芩素和汉黄芩素的母离子和子离子的提取离子流图积分,通过峰面积计算含量。在黄芩药材中检出黄芩素、汉黄芩素、韧黄芩素Ⅱ、二羟基-二甲氧基黄酮、5,7,2',5'-四羟基-8,6'-二甲氧基黄酮和SkullcapflavonⅡ的[M+H]+峰。定量分析结果显示,黄芩素(m/z 271.06→123.01)的线性范围为49.7~447.3 ng,相关系数(r2)为0.995,平均加标回收率为87.0%;汉黄芩素(m/z 285.07→270.05)的线性范围为50.0~350ng,r2为0.995,平均加标回收率为66.0%。该方法可用于黄芩药材的快速定性检测和定量分析。     

实时直接分析-四极杆飞行时间质谱法快速鉴别油茶籽油真伪

建立了实时直接分析-四极杆飞行时间质谱(DART-QTOF-MS)技术结合化学计量学分析快速鉴别油茶籽油的方法。4种食用油(油茶籽油、菜籽油、花生油和大豆油)用甲醇-异丙醇(50∶50,含5 mmol/L乙酸铵)稀释后经实时直接分析离子源解吸电离,在正离子模式下以TOF MS和信息依赖采集模式获得质谱数据,对4种食用油的质谱图进行了初步鉴定,并采用化学计量学建立主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLS-DA)模型,以实现数据可视化和油茶籽油的快速鉴别。结果表明,4种食用油的质谱图存在明显差异,主要为甘油三酯(TAG)氨加合离子［TAG+NH4］+(m/z 850~1 100)、甘油二酯(DAG)氨加合离子［DAG+NH4］+(m/z 600~700)和DART源内碎片离子,共检出20种甘油三酯和6种甘油二酯。进一步采用化学计量学对4种植物油指纹图谱进行分析,发现该方法可准确鉴别和预测油茶籽油、菜籽油、花生油和大豆油,具有前处理简单、分析速度快、操作方便和准确可靠等优点,可用于油茶籽油的鉴别研究。     

沙土中5种神经性毒剂降解产物的实时直接分析-质谱法快速检测

建立了实时直接分析离子源-质谱（DART-MS）快速检测沙土中5种神经性毒剂降解产物的方法。方法在0.03～10 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,检出限为0.03～0.1 mg/kg, 5种神经性毒剂降解产物在沙土中的回收率均不低于71.8%,相对标准偏差（RSD）不超过11%。利用建立的DART-MS定性方法分析了禁止化学武器组织（OPCW）的PT48次环境样品水平考试盲样样品,根据获得的母离子和碎片离子的高分辨质谱（HRMS）数据及MS/HRMS质谱碎裂特征,鉴定出所有适合DART-MS分析的化学毒剂相关化合物,与OPCW发布的配样清单一致。     

实时直接分析电离质谱法快速检测化妆品中的3种成分

建立用于化妆品中违禁成分尿刊酸(URA)、准用防晒剂甲氧基肉桂酸乙基己酯(EHMC)、丁基甲氧基二苯甲酰基甲烷(B-MDM)快速检测的快速检测方法。 采用实时直接分析(DART)离子源结合四极杆飞行时间质谱(Q-TOF MS),在正离子模式下,采用Full scan扫描方式,将化妆品样品直接置于离子化区域内进行快速定性分析。 在定量分析时,采用筛网模块进样,对实验参数进行系统优化,测得3种成分的定量范围在25～1000 mg/L之间,线性关系良好(r＞0.99),该方法的最低检出限(S/N=3)为7.5 mg/L,最小定量限(S/N=10)为25 mg/L,方法回收率在96.7%～109.2%之间,精密度RSD(n=6)为3.59%～11.23%。 该方法操作简单、快捷高效、环保绿色,可广泛应用于化妆品中化妆品中违禁防晒剂及添加剂的快速筛查与定量检测。     

N_2-DART-Orbitrap中的特征气相离子反应及在西药快速检测中的应用

采用实时直接分析(DART)离子源串联高分辨质谱Orbitrap技术(DART-Orbitrap MS),对8种市售常见西药进行有效成分分析,建立了一种快速、简便、准确测定西药中有效成分的方法.对DART离子源的离子化温度、扫描模式、操作气体种类、辅助溶剂种类及其酸碱性等实验条件进行了优化,得到最佳实验条件.实验结果表明,正谱条件下,采用N_2气作为操作气体时,待测组分准分子离子峰[M+H]+同样具有较高的灵敏度和谱图辨识度.因此,N2气可以替代昂贵的He气作为DART离子源的操作气体用于8种药物有效成分的现场实时检测.该方法具备成本低、快速和操作简便的特点.通过分析待测组分的特征碎片离子,发现了N2-DART离子源中的特征离子反应,包括氧化反应和重排反应.根据获得的特征碎片离子对N_2-DART-MS中发生的反应机理进行推导,并结合理论计算对其进行验证.N_2-DART-MS技术有望应用于复杂基质混合物的现场快速检测中.     

Quality by Design Study of the Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry Response

A mass spectrometry method has been developed using the Quality by Design (QbD) principle. Direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) was adopted to analyze a pharmaceutical preparation. A fishbone diagram for DART-MS and the Plackett-Burman design were utilized to evaluate the impact of a number of factors on the method performance. Multivariate regression and Pareto ranking analysis indicated that the temperature, determined distance, and sampler speed were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the Box-Behnken design combined with response surface analysis was then employed to study the relationships between these three factors and the quality of the DART-MS analysis. The analytical design space of DART-MS was thus constructed and its robustness was validated. In this presented approach, method performance was mathematically described as a composite desirability function of the critical quality attributes (CQAs). Two terms of method validation, including analytical repeatability and method robustness, were carried out at an operating work point. Finally, the validated method was successfully applied to the pharmaceutical quality assurance in different manufacturing batches. These results revealed that the QbD concept was practical in DART-MS method development. Meanwhile, the determined quality was controlled by the analytical design space. This presented strategy provided a tutorial to the development of a robust QbD-compliant mass spectrometry method for industrial quality control.

实时直接分析高分辨质谱技术研究碳硼烷类化合物

该文运用高分辨质谱技术对实时直接分析(Direct analysis in real time,DART)离子化条件下碳硼烷化合物的质谱行为进行了研究,对碳硼烷化合物DART高分辨质谱中所得到的同位素峰簇进行了表征与归属.研究结果表明,选取的碳硼烷化合物在DART负离子条件下均能得到较好的质谱信号,这可能与硼笼结构的"...     

Analysis of Geting Bituminous Coal by Electrospray Ionization and Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry

Understanding the structure and composition of coals is important for effective, clean, and value-added utilization. In addition to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry which is commonly used to analyze coal, mass spectrometry (MS) may be used with other ion sources such as electrospray ionization (ESI) and direct analysis in real time (DART) for characterization. In this work, Geting bituminous coal was extracted sequentially and exhaustively with petroleum ether, carbon disulfide, methanol, acetone, an isometric acetone/carbon disulfide mixture, tetrahydrofuran, and an isometric tetrahydrofuran/carbon disulfide mixture. Raw coal, extracts, and the extraction residue were analyzed using MS equipped with ESI or DART. Organic heteroatomic species in the extracts were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry equipped with ESI. Molecular weight distributions of organic species in raw coal, extracts, and extraction residue were characterized by ESI-MS and DART-MS. Associated molecules and homologous compounds in coal extracts were identified.     

Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry (DART-MS) of Ionic Liquids

Direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) was used to analyze ionic liquids (ILs) containing either imidazolium or phosphonium cations combined with different types of inorganic and organic anions. Ionic liquids were directly inserted into the ionization source using a glass probe without dissolution into organic solvents. Mass spectra of the ILs were collected in both positive and negative mode with a linear ion-trap instrument. The intact cation of the compound was typically the dominant peak in positive mass spectra and cluster ion formation was present. Some individual anions were not readily observed in the negative mass spectra (based on the type of anion); however, the mass difference of adjacent cluster ions equal the mass of a complete IL and the anion mass could be verified by subtracting the known cation mass. The degree and intensity of the cluster ion formations was found to be dependent on the nature of the specific ILs as well as the DART temperature gas stream.

In Situ Analysis for Herbal Pieces of Aconitum Plants by Using Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry

In this study, an extend application was developed to in situ analyze the herbal pieces of Aconitum plants by Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry (DART‐MS). Nearly all aconitine‐type alkaloids can be desorbed and ionized in this method, including diester diterpenoid aconitines (DDAs), monoester diterpenoid aconitines (MDAs) and some other diterpenoid aconitines. The spectra of in situ analysis for the herbal pieces of aconitum plants are similar with that of their extracts. Radix Aconiti and Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii can be distinguished from each other by the intensity differences of character fragment ions from MDAs, such as m/z 586, 572, and 556. The qualified and unqualified herbal pieces can be also identified by the relative abundances of DDAs. The RSD of the relative abundances of some character ions at m/z 556, 586, and 590 were 13.53%, 4.03%, and 12.03%, respectively. So this in situ analytical method can identify both the types of Aconitum preparata and their quality. It provides the following advantages in the analysis of Chinese herbs: fast detection without much pretreatment, high‐throughput analysis, and reduction of pollution without any organic solvent.     

甘草化学成分的高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析

采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用方法分析了甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis)中的化学成分。通过高效液相色谱可将三萜、黄酮及香豆素等50余种化学成分较好的分离。根据紫外光谱可大致判断其化合物类型,由电喷雾质谱得到各成分的分子量,再由串联质谱获得进一步的结构信息,进而推测出其中22个主要成分的可能结构。它们分别是：葡糖基甘草甙、异光果甘草甙、夏拂托甙、甘草素-4′-芹糖甙,甘草甙,6′-乙酰甘草甙,异佛来心甙,异甘草素葡萄糖芹菜甙,甘草糖甙A,甘草糖甙B,甘草素,3．0-[β-D-葡萄糖醛酸甲酯-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸]-24-羟基-甘草内酯,甘草皂甙E2,异甘草素,甘草醇,甘草酸,甘草香豆素,甘草双氢异黄酮,甘草异黄酮甲,乌拉尔甘草皂甙乙,新甘草酚和甘草皂甙B2。     

Identification of Nitro Explosives by Direct Analysis in Real-Time Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Nitro compounds such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, cyclotrimethylene trinitramine, and pentaerythritol tetranitrate are common ingredients of high explosives found in homeland security threats, minefields, and industrial materials. This study aims at developing a convenient surface analysis method for rapid identification of these compounds by direct analysis in real time coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The possible ionization mechanisms and fragmentation pathways using the direct analysis in real-time ionization source were developed for each compound based on the ions produced by in-source collision-induced dissociation and acquired by a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. These compounds release nitro groups and form nitroless characteristic fragments with other nitro adducts during in-source collision-induced dissociation processes. The characteristic ion [M?+?C₂H₄N₃O₂]^? produced by cyclotrimethylene trinitramine was observed for the first time to our best knowledge. Direct analysis in real-time time-of-flight mass spectrometry has provided rapid identification of residues from various samples from explosion scenes and, therefore, is a potential powerful screening tool for criminal evidence.     

Application of Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry (DART-MS) for Identification of an Epiphytic Cyanobacterium,Nostoc Sp.

Cyanobacteria, a diverse group of bacteria are identified entirely on the basis of morphological characters, which can frequently lead to incorrect results; therefore, the present study reports a new approach for identification of an organism based on DART technique. Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry (DART-MS) was used to identify a cyanobacterium, isolated from the leaf surface, on the basis of characteristic chemical compounds present in the strain. A chemical fingerprint was generated and peaks obtained were found to be similar to the masses of the compounds reported for Nostoc sp.