Jahn－Teller畸变后D_（2h） C_（60）~－的电子结构和光谱

用ＩＮＤＯ系列方法对Ｃ_（６０）自由基负离子进行了几何构型优化，得到Ｄ_（２ｈ）对称性的构型，表明Ｃ_（６０）~－确实发生了Ｊａｈｎ－Ｔｅｌｌｅｒ畸变，导致单键变短，双键变长，形成１５种键，９种不等同碳原子，其额外负电荷主要分布在赤道附近。以此构型为基础，计算了Ｃ_（６０）~－的电子光谱，与实验值吻合，在对光谱进行理论指认的同时讨论了光谱红移的原因。     

C^＋60的Jahn—Teller结构畸变

用ＩＮＤＯ系列方法对Ｃ６０的阳离子自由基Ｃ＾＋６０进行几何构型变化，得到Ｄ５ｄ对称性的构型，表明Ｃ＾＋６０确实发生了Ｊａｈｎ－Ｔｅｌｌｅｒ结构畸变，形成７种键和４种不等同Ｃ原子，且单键变短，双键变长，键长趋于平均化，体系的正电荷和单电子主要分布在赤道附近，从而导致了赤道附近Ｃ原子的高反应活性。     

C60^2—单态的Jahn—Teller畸变和光谱性质

用ＩＮＤＯ系列方法，对Ｃ６０＾２－单态进行几何构型优化，得到３种不同对称性的构型：Ｄ５ｄ，Ｄ３ｄ，Ｄ２４，表明Ｃ６０＾２－已发生Ｊａｈｎ－Ｔｅｌｌｅｒ畸变，Ｄ５ｄ有４种原子７种键；Ｄ３ｄ有６种原子１０种键；Ｄ２ｈ有９种子１５种键，额外负电荷主要分布在赤道附近，以这３种构型为基础分别计算了Ｃ６０＾２－单态的电子光谱，说明Ｃ６０＾２－的基态应该是三态。     

C60NH^＋2的构型研究及其电子光谱和NMR谱的理论预测

用ＩＮＤＯ系列方法研究Ｃ６０ＮＨ＾＋２的２种构型，一是ＮＨ＾＋２加在２个六元环之间的键上，为Ｃ２构型，另一个是ＮＨ＾＋２加在五元和六元环之间的键上，为Ｃｓ构型，计算表明，Ｃ６０ＮＨ＾＋２的稳定构型应是Ｃ２，且该Ｃ２Ｖ异构体有质子化的环乙亚胺结构（桥Ｃ１５－Ｃ３０为０．１５２０ｎｍ键序为０．９０９７），同时计算了Ｃ６０ＮＨ＾＋２２种构型的电子吸收光谱，讨论了其ＮＭＲ谱，属于理论预测性质。     

C_（60）~（2－）单态的Jahn－Teller畸变和光谱性质

用ＩＮＤＯ系列方法，对Ｃ单态进行几何构型优化，得到３种不同对称性的构型：Ｄ５ｄ、Ｄ３ｄ、Ｄ２ｈ。表明Ｃ已发生Ｊａｈｎ－Ｔｅｌｌｅｒ畸变，Ｄ５ｄ有４种原子７种键；Ｄ３ｄ有６种原子１０种键；Ｄ２ｈ有９种原子１５种键。额外负电荷主要分布在赤道附近。以这３种构型为基础分别计算了Ｃ单态的电子光谱，说明Ｃ的基态应该是三态。     

P14原子簇的理论研究

以Ｐ_２、Ｐ_４（Ｔｄ）、Ｐ_８（Ｃ_（２ｖ））及Ｐ_（１０）（Ｃ_（２ｖ））为结构单元设计了Ｐ_２＋Ｐ_４（Ｔ_ｄ）＋Ｐ_８（Ｃ_（２ｖ））→Ｐ_（１４）（Ｃ_ｓ）（Ａ）、Ｐｓ（Ｃ_（２ｖ）＋３Ｐ_２→Ｐ_（１４）（Ｃ_（２ｖ））（Ｉ）（Ｂ）、Ｐ_（１０）（Ｃ_（２ｖ）＋２Ｐ_２→Ｐ１４（Ｃ_（２ｖ））（Ⅱ）（Ｃ），利用从头算Ｇａｕｓｓｉａｎ－９４程序，选择６－３１Ｇ基组，对４种结构单元及Ｐ_（１４）原子簇的３种几何构型Ｃｓ、Ｃ_（２ｖ）（Ⅰ）、Ｃ_（２ｖ）（Ⅱ）进行全优化。相对能量的计算结果表明，Ｐ_（１４）（Ｃ_ｓ）与Ｐ_（１４）（Ｃ_（２ｖ））（Ⅰ）构型稳定。进一步设计（７／２）Ｐ_４（Ｔ_ｄ）→Ｐ_（１４）（Ｄ）及７Ｐ_２→Ｐ_（１４）（Ｅ），其相对能量表明，Ｐ_（１４）（Ｃ_ｓ）构型是稳定的．磷与磷连结单键键长范围为０．２２０～０．２２８ｎｍ，双键键长范围为０．２００～０．２０２ｎｍ，与实验结果大体相当。     

C60的理论研究—Jahn—Teller变形,电子结构和光谱性质

本文用ＩＮＤＯ系列方法对Ｃ６０进行了几何构型优化，得到Ｄ５ｄ对称性的构型，表明Ｃ６０确实发生了Ｊａｈｎ－Ｔｅｌｌｅｒ畸变，导致原Ｃ６０Ｉｈ对称性的球体沿五重轴拉长而单键变短双键变长。其额外负电荷主要分布在赤道附近，以此构型为基础，计算了Ｃ６０的电子光谱，与实验值吻合，在对光谱进行理论指认的同时讨论了光谱红移的原因。     

PVK／C60电荷转移络合物的光谱研究

利用紫外光谱、荧光光谱研究了ＰＶＫ／Ｃ_（６０）~＊（Ｃ_（６０）~＊与Ｃ_（７０）混合物）体系的光谱行为，实验结果表明，ＰＶＫ与Ｃ_（６０）之间存在电荷转移络合作用。紫外光谱结果表明ＰＶＫ／Ｃ_（６０）~＊电荷转移络合物的特征吸收峰在４７４ｎｍ附近，这与理论计算结果相吻合．ＰＶＫ单元与Ｃ_（６０）之间的最佳匹配约为５：１．荧光光谱结果进一步证明了ＰＶＫ与Ｃ_（６０）~＊之间的电荷转移络合作用的存在。     

C60硫衍生物—C60S^＋的气相合成

Ｃ_（６０）硫衍生物──Ｃ_（６０）Ｓ~＋的气相合成刘子阳，郝国仑，郭兴华，刘淑莹（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所，长春，１３００２２）关键词Ｃ_（６０），ＣＳ_２，离子－分子反应自实现Ｃ（６０）的宏观量合成以来［１］，通过将Ｃ（６０）进行化学衍生进而改变?..     

一氟二氯代甲烷热解离动力学的理论研究

利用从头算和ＲＲＫＭ理论研究了一氟二氯代甲烷热解离动力学，并得到了一套热力学和动力学参数。研究了三种不同的解离通道：（１）ＨＣｌ＋ＣＦＣｌ_２，（２）Ｃｌ＋ＣＨＦＣｌ，（３）ＨＦ＋ＣＣｌ_２，它们的活化能分别为：２４３．３、２５８．９、３０９．８ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。研究结果表明，氯化氢消除反应和碳氯键简单断键反应是两个主要的并且是竞争的通道，三个反应通道的高压速率常数分别为ｋ_１＝８．７４×１０~（１４）ｅｘｐ（－２９１６３Ｔ）_ｓ~（－１），ｋ_２＝７．０９×１０~（１５）ｅｘｐ（－３１１２１／Ｔ）_ｓ~（－１），Ｒ_３＝３．８７×１０~（１１）ｅｘｐ（－３７０３９／Ｔ）_ｓ~（－１），它们都具有明显的温度和压力依赖关系。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.