具有一致连续生成元和可积参数的倒向随机微分方程

本文建立了具有可积参数的一维倒向随机微分方程(BSDE) 的一个新的存在唯一性结果, 其中BSDE 的生成元g 关于y 满足Osgood 条件且关于z 是α-Hölder (0 < α < 1) 连续的.     

系数为左Lipschitz的倒向随机微分方程解的存在性

考虑一类一维倒向随机微分方程(BSDE),其系数关于y满足左Lipschitz条件(可能是不连续的),关于z满足Lipschitz条件.在这样的条件下,证明了BSDE的解是存在的,并且得到了相应的比较定理.     

系数为左Lipschitz的倒向随机微分方程解的存在性

考虑一类一维倒向随机微分方程(BSDE),其系数关于y满足左Lipschitz条件(可能是不连续的),关于z满足Lipschitz条件.在这样的条件下,证明了BSDE的解是存在的,并且得到了相应的比较定理.     

关于（y,z）限制的BSDE解

本文讨论漂移系数g（S,·,·）不满足Lipschitz条件的一类例向随机微机方程（BSDE）关于（x,y）限制条件下最小g-上解的存在唯一性,为此我们讨论了这一类BSDE的比较定理．推广了[1]在g（s,·,·）关于（x,y）满足Lipschitz条件下的结果．     

倒向随机微分方程弱解

提出倒向随机微分方程(简称BSDE)弱解的概念, 讨论了两类BSDE弱解存在的等价条件,并得到弱解存在的几个充分条件和减弱BSDE解存在的条件: 漂移系数g关于(y,z)满足Lipschitz 条件.     

带有随机生成元的倒向随机微分方程的共单调定理

该文利用Malliavin微分的方法研究带有随机生成元的倒向随机微分方程 (简记BSDE),给出了关于比较某些BSDE的解(y,z)中z的方法, 在此基础上继续研究(y,z)的某些重要性质, 指明了当BSDE的生成元是随机的情况下,Zengjing Chen等人文章中得到的共单调定理是不成立的, 然后寻找带有随机生成元的BSDE的共单调定理成立的特殊情况, 最后研究了一类g -期望的可加性以及Choquet积分表示定理.     

具有拟H(o)lder连续生成元的倒向随机微分方程的可积解

本文证明了具有可积参数的一维倒向随机微分方程解的一个新的存在唯一性结果,其中生成元g关于y满足Osgood条件且关于z是拟H(o)lder连续的(这里可以不是H(o)lder连续的).利用Tanaka公式及Girsanov变换建立BSDE的L1解的一个比较定理,从而得到解的唯一性.利用单调逼近方法给出生成元g的一个一致逼近序列进而构造出BSDE的L1解的一个序列,然后证明其极限即为所需的解,从而证明解的存在性.     

Lévy过程驱动的BSDE的反比较定理与Jensen不等式（英文）

本文研究了由一维Lévy过程驱动的倒向随机微分方程(BSDE)的反比较定理.利用一般g-期望下BSDE的反比较定理的证明方法,推导出了一般f-期望下BSDE的反比较定理,并给出了一般f-期望下Jensen不等式成立的充分必要条件.     

一般时间区间L~p-半鞅序列的单调极限定理

基于倒向随机微分方程(BSDE)和非线性期望理论中惩罚方法的启发,研究并得到了一般时间区间上L~p-半狹序列的单调极限定理.该结果的证明并非经典结果的平凡推广,新的框架让我们面对许多新问题,它将在一般框架下g-上鞅的Doob-Meyer型分解以及受限BSDE解的存在性等问题的探索中发挥重要作用.     

Lévy过程驱动的BSDE的反比较定理与Jensen不等式

本文研究了由一维Lévy过程驱动的倒向随机微分方程(BSDE)的反比较定理.利用一般g-期望下BSDE的反比较定理的证明方法,推导出了一般f-期望下BSDE的反比较定理,并给出了一般f-期望下Jensen不等式成立的充分必要条件.     

Superconvergence of mixed finite element semi-discretizations of two time-dependent problems

We will show that some of the superconvergence properties for the mixed finite element method for elliptic problems are preserved in the mixed semi-discretizations for a diffusion equation and for a Maxwell equation in two space dimensions. With the help of mixed elliptic projection we will present estimates global and pointwise in time. The results for the Maxwell equations form an extension of existing results. For both problems, our results imply that post-processing and a posteriori error estimation for the error in the space discretization can be performed in the same way as for the underlying elliptic problem.     

Non-compact generalized variational inequalities for quasi-monotone and hemi-continuous operators with applications

Some results are obtained for non-compact cases in topological vector spaces for the existence problem of solutions for some set-valued variational inequalities with quasi-monotone and lower hemi-continuous operators, and with quasi-semi-monotone and upper hemi-continuous operators. Some applications are given in non-reflexive Banach spaces for these existence problems of solutions and for perturbation problems for these set-valued variational inequalities with quasi-monotone and quasi-semi-monotone operators. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Sparre Andersen模型中破产概率的边界

研究在Andersen Spaxre模型中,当破产概率的初始边界已知的时候,根据更新方程和更新方程中函数的单调性来改进破产概率的边界,并进一步改进了严重损失函数G（x,y）的边界．     

Bounds for Shannon and Zipf‐Mandelbrot entropies

Shannon and Zipf‐Mandelbrot entropies have many applications in many applied sciences, for example, in information theory, biology and economics, etc. In this paper, we consider two refinements of the well‐know Jensen inequality and obtain different bounds for Shannon and Zipf‐Mandelbrot entropies. First of all, we use some convex functions and manipulate the weights and domain of the functions and deduce results for Shannon entropy. We also discuss their particular cases. By using Zipf‐Mandelbrot laws for different parameters in Shannon entropies results, we obtain bounds for Zipf‐Mandelbrot entropy. The idea used in this paper for obtaining the results may stimulate further research in this area, particularly for Zipf‐Mandelbrot entropy.     

Various motivations for managerial (mis)reporting – an experimental study

In the experiment we model all possible consequences from misreporting for both the shareholder and for the manager, since we are interested in patterns in reporting behaviour resulting from different motivations for potential misrepresentation. This allows for examining the stability of the (mis)reporting behaviour in different treatments. Agents are primarily driven by the consequences for themselves rather than by the consequences for the principal, while deciding on misreporting. Participants are willing to sacrifice a small gain for themselves in order to prevent a greater loss for the principal. If agents misreport, they do it in order to generate positive rather than negative consequences for themselves. Reports in favour of the principal, but fruitless or even costly for the agent are very rare. The experiment indicates also that pro-social agents report more truthfully than pro-self agents.     

流动稳定性弱非线性理论的重新考虑*

弱非性理论已被广泛用于流动稳定性理论及其它领域.然而其应用对某些问题虽是成功的,但对另一些问题,其结果却常不令人满意,特别是对转捩或自由剪切流中涡的演化这类问题,这时理论研究的目的不是寻找稳态解,而是预测演化过程.在本文中,我们将研究不成功的原因并建议一些改进的办法.     

裂缝孔隙介质中二相驱动问题的交替方向有限元方法及理论分析

考虑裂缝孔隙介质中二相驱动问题的数值方法及理论分析。对压力方程采用混合有限元方法,对裂缝和岩块系统上的饱和度方程采用交替方向有限元方法,证明了交替方向有限元格式具有最优Ｌ２模和Ｈ１模误差估计。     

City-effects in the atomic bomb survivors data

It was investigated how risk estimates derived from the RERF life span study data sets for cancer incidence and mortality, respectively, differ between the two cities Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and the two sexes. This was done by estimating the excess risk for various age-at-exposure and time-since-exposure groups. The epidemiologically most reliable age group are those aged 20–39 years at the time of exposure. As expected, in this group, the relative risk for females in Hiroshima is higher than that for males; however, in Nagasaki, the relative risk for females is lower than that for males. When comparing the risks in the two cities for the same sex, the risks of cancer incidence and mortality of females exposed in Hiroshima are higher than those in Nagasaki. However, for the males, the risks of cancer incidence in Hiroshima are lower than in Nagasaki, and the risks of cancer mortality of males are very similar between both cities. All differences depend on age-at-exposure and time-since-exposure, and are at the borderline of being statistically significant. The absorbed dose of neutrons, for the same γ-dose, is about three times as high in Hiroshima than in Nagasaki for both sexes. Because of these observed risk differences between both cities, it does not appear to be possible to reliably estimate the relative biological effectiveness of neutrons as compared to that of γ-rays from these epidemiological data sets. No evidence was found in this analysis that the radiation weighting factors w_R presently used for neutrons in radiation protection could severely underestimate the risks for somatic late effects induced by neutrons.     

英国运筹五十年：成就、困境和出路

英国是运筹学的发源地,五十年来对运筹学的创立,发展和推广起了重要作用,但到九十年代,情况起到了很大变化;运筹工作小组大量关闭;运筹学系基本消失,运筹工作另谋出路,为此,英国运筹学会拨出专款进行调研,组织专家讨论,在国际期刊上发表调研报告和讨论专辑,分析当前运筹学的困境和未来的路向,本对此进行介绍和探讨,希望对社会-经济转型时期的中国运筹学界和运筹工作有借鉴作用。     

Trigonometric polynomial or exponential fitting approach?

The application of a trigonometric polynomial and an exponential fitting approach is compared for a three-point formula for second-order derivatives, for Simpson’s quadrature rule and for Numerov’s scheme for second-order differential equations. The expressions for the occurring parameters are constructed in both the approaches and the behaviour of these parameters with respect to the introduced frequency is studied. The errors for specific problems obtained in both the approaches as a function of the frequency are compared.