Der Zerfall des Au195m,des Hg195m und des Hg195

Theγ-radiation of Au^195m , Hg^195m and Hg¹⁹⁵ was measured with a Ge(Li)-semiconductor detector. Conversion coefficients of most transitions could be determined from the measuredγ-intensities and from already known electron intensities. Spin and parity of the corresponding niveaus and logft-values for the decay of Hg¹⁹⁵ and Hg^195m were determined. Newγ-energies (698 keV, 754 keV, 852 keV) were found in the decay of Hg^195m . With a coincidence method a value of α_tot=13±3 for the 61,5 keV-radiation of Au^195m was measured.     

Der Zerfall des Co60m und Zr90m

Co^60m was produced by the reaction Co⁵⁹ (n,γ) Co^60m ; its decay has been investigated by scintillation spectrometers. The half-period has been remeasured yielding a value ofT _1/2=(10·35 ±0·20) min. The isomeric decay mainly leads to the Co⁶⁰ ground state by a (58·6±0·6) keV transition. TheK-conversion coefficientα _K= 41±3 and the total conversion coefficientα=47±3 indicate the transition to beM3 and the spin of Co^60m to be 2⁺. Further Co^60m decays by beta transitions to Ni⁶⁰. The beta component (8·6±1·2)·10^?3%, log ft=7·32 leading to a (2·16±0·02) MeV level has been measured for the first time. A second component (0·24±0·03)%, log ft=7·23 leads to the 1·33 MeV level. The 2·16 MeV level decays to the Ni⁶⁰ ground state mainly by a 0·83–1·33 MeV cascade, in a few cases by a direct transition. The spin of the 2·16 MeV level is 2⁺. Zr^90m was produced by the reaction Zr⁹⁰ (n,n′) Zr^90m . The half-period was measured yielding a value ofT _1/2=(0·83±0·03) sec. Zr^90m decays in the following way: (77±5) % by a direct (2·31±0·02) MeV —E 5 transition to the Zr ground state and (23±5)% by a (132·5±1·5) keV-(2·18±0·03) MeV cascade detected for the first time in the isomeric decay. TheK-conversion coefficient of the 132·5 keV transition isα _k=(2·2±0·3) indicating this transition to beE3 and the spin of the 2·18 MeV level to be 2⁺. The Zr^90m -decay sheme is in accordance with the level sequence of Zr⁹⁰ as measured in the Nb⁹⁰ decay.     

Der Zerfall des Fe53g und des Fe53m

Theγ-ray spectra from the decays of 8.5 min-Fe^53g and a new (2.51±0.02) min-Fe^53m have been investigated by means of Ge(Li)-detectors. As far as the Fe^53g -decay is concerned no other but the known 380 keV-transition (43%) has been observed indicating that the proceedingΒ ⁺-decay leads to the groundstate and first excited state of Mn⁵³ only. This contradicts formerΒ ⁺-spectroscopic results but is consistent with recent spin assignments. In the Fe^53m -decay fourγ-transitions have been found: 701 keV (100%), 1011 keV (76%), 1328 keV (76%), and 2339 keV (24%). The proposed level scheme of Fe⁵³: 0 keV (7/2^?), 1328 keV (9/2^?), 2339 keV (11/2^?), and 3040 keV (19/2^?, 2.5 min) is in agreement with results published recently byEskola. The level schemes of Mn⁵³ and Fe⁵³ are discussed in terms of the individual particle shell model.     

Der Zerfall des Ag106g und Ag106m

The decays of the 25 min-Ag^106g and 8.3 d-Ag^106m have been investigated using Ge(Li)- and Si(Li)-counters. Theγ-rays of 17 transitions in the Ag^106g -decay and of 42 transitions in the Ag^106m -decay have been observed and their energies and relative intensities have been determined. The intensities of theseγ-rays and the intensities of conversion-electrons known from earlier measurements allow the determination ofK-conversion-coefficients for 23 transitions. The present data are consistent with a level-scheme of Pd¹⁰⁶ having states at 0, 0⁺; 511.8, 2⁺; 1127.8, 2⁺; 1133.1, 0⁺; 1228.8, 4⁺; 1557.4, 3⁺; 1562, 2⁺; 1702.8, 4⁺; 1931.7, 3, 4⁺; 2002, 0⁺; 2040.4, 3, 4⁺; 2076.8, 3, 4⁺; 2084.2, 3^?; 2305.7, 4^?; 2324, 1, 2⁺; 2350.4, 3, 4⁺; 2365.3, 3, 4⁺; 2529, 1, 2⁺; 2756.3, 5⁺; 2951.3 keV, 5⁺. The level-scheme of Pd¹⁰⁶ is compared with the predictions of the vibrational model for spherical nuclei.     

Der Zerfall des Mn52m

Mn^52m(T _1/2=21 m) was produced by irradiating iron-foiles with deuterons ofE _d =9 MeV. Coincidences ofγ-rays with the main 1434 keV-transition had been sought for with the aid of a scintillation fast-slow-coincidence circuit. There was no evidence ofγ-lines which had been found earlier byKatoh et al. atγ-energies 700, 940, 1020, 1150, 1370, 1520 keV. If these transitions exist, their relative intensities are less than 0.7% (700 keV) and 0.3% (all others) per decay of Mn^52m.     

Der Zerfall des Lu176m

The decay of Lu^176m has been investigated. TheK-conversion coefficient α _K of the 88,3 keV niveau of Hf¹⁷⁶ has been determined to α _K =1,35±0,07. Theβ-branching ratio to the 0+ and 2+ niveau of Hf¹⁷⁶ has been measured by means of aβ-γ-coincidental technique. (60,4±6,1)% of Lu^176m decay into the 2+ niveau and (39,6±6,1)% into the 0+ niveau of Hf¹⁷⁶.K-capture of Lu^176m to Yb¹⁷⁶ was not found. If there is any, it is less than 0,1% of all decays.     

Der Zerfall des Tb158m

Tb^158m was produced from Tb¹⁵⁹ by (n, 2n) reaction and investigated using scintillation spectrometers. The following results were obtained: half-life\(T_{\tfrac{1}{2}} = (10.5 \pm 0.2)\) sec; energy of the isomeric transitionE _γ =(109.9±1.4) keV; conversion coefficients α _K =56±3; α _L +α _M +?=50±8; α_total=106±10;K/L-ratioK/L=1.3±0.3, yielding the multipole order of the isomeric transition to beM3. Upper limits for the direct beta transitions from the isomeric state to the ground states of the neighbouring even-even nuclei Gd¹⁵⁸ and Dy¹⁵⁸ are 10^?4 and 6·10^?3, respectively.     

Der Zerfall des125m Xe,des127m Xe und des127g Xe

The decay of^125m Xe produced by the reaction¹²²Te(α, n)^125m Xe using a target enriched in¹²²Te (95.4%) and the decay of^127m Xe produced by the reaction¹²⁷J(d, 2n)^127m Xe have been investigated: ^125m Xe decays with a half-life ofT _1/2=(56±3) sec by ayy- cascade withE _γ1=(140.4 ±0.5) keV andE _γ2=(110.5 ±0.5) keV. The experimental conversion coefficients yield multipolarities ofE3 for the 140.4 keV isomeric transition and predominantlyM1 for the 110.5 keV-transition. ^127m Xe decays with a half-life ofT _1/2=(71±2) sec. The decay also proceeds by aγγ-cascade with an isomeric E3 transition ofE _γ1=(172.5±0.3) keV and a predominantlyM1 transition ofE _γ2=(124.6±0.3) keV. In the decay of^127g Xe an additional branching of the electron capture to a level at (618.1±0.3) keV was observed. The relative probability forK-captureP _K618/P_K375=0.40 ±0.07 yields a total transition energyQ _EC=(664 ±4)keV. A spin of 1/2⁺ was assigned to the ground state.     

Der Zerfall des 4,4 min-Rh104m

The decay of the 4.4 min-Rh^104m has been investigated by observing coincidences between conversion electrons and gamma quanta. The decay by a 77 keV?52 keV cascade has been confirmed. In addition, a highly converted (31±2) keV transition in coincidence with the known 97 keV gamma ray has been found. The multipole order of this transition has been determined asM3. The intensity of the 97 keV?31 keV cascade has been measured as 3.3 % of the intensity of the 77 keV?52 keV cascade. An indication of a 45 keV transition from the 97 keV level to the 52 keV level has been found with an intensity of at most 0.1 % of the intensity of the 77 keV?52 keV cascade.     

Der Zerfall des Rh102g,Rh102m und Tc102m

The decays of the 206 day-Rh^102g , 2.9 year-Rh^102m and 4.35 min-Tc¹⁰² m have been investigated using several sizes of Ge(Li)-counters. From the analysis of gamma spectra from several Rh¹⁰²-sources, measured over a period of 2.2 years, the gamma rays associated with each activity were identified. Energies and relative gamma intensities of 71 transitions have been determined. 22 transitions are assigned to the decay of 206 day-Rh^102g , 16 to 2.9 year-Rh¹⁰² and 33, twenty five unreported, to 4.35 min-Tc^102m . All except one transition are placed in a level scheme of Ru¹⁰².     

Der Zerfall des 1,5 min-Isomers Co54m

Co^54m (T _1/2=1.43 min) was produced in iron-foils by irradiation with_dE=19 MeV deuterons. The gamma ray spectrum was investigated using a NaJ(Tl) scintillation spectrometer, a coincidence circuit and a Ge(Li)-counter. There were observed three gamma rays having the following energies and intensities per Co_54m decay: 411 keV (0.97±0.07), 1130keV (0.98±0.05), 1407 keV (1.00±0.05). The directional correlation between the pairs of gamma rays were determined. These results correspond to spin and parityJ _π=2⁺ for the 1407 keV,J _π=4⁺ for the 2537 keV, andJ _π=6⁺ for the 2948 keV energy level of Fe⁵⁴. The last-mentioned level was not excited in previous scattering experiments. Our results are compatible withE=210keV andJ _π=6⁺ or 7⁺ of the isomeric state of Co^54m .     

Der Zerfall des 1,25 min-Kern-Isomers Dy165 m

Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and nuclei - The decay of Dy165m (1.25 min) produced by thermal neutron bombardment of Dy2O3 has been studied with the aid of scintillation spectrometers. The...     

Der Zerfall des In109m (0,21 sec)

In^109m(0,21±0,01 sec) was produced from natural Ag and enriched Ag¹⁰⁷ byα irradiation and investigated using scintillation spectrometers and coincidence techniques. The mass assignment follows from the excitation function for the (α, 2n) reaction on Ag¹⁰⁷. The following results were obtained: energy of the isomeric level (2,11±0,02) MeV, determined directly by summing up the cascade transitions in a well-type scintillator; four gamma transitions with energies (0,680±0,015) MeV, (0,405±0,015) MeV, (1,035±0,030) MeV and (1,435±0,020) MeV, respectively. The proposed decay scheme contains the isomeric level (19/2⁺) at 2,11 MeV and a further level (13/2⁺) at 1,435 MeV which decays either by the 1,435 MeV transition (80±3)% or by a 0,405–1,035 MeV cascade (20±3)% via an (11/2⁺) level at 1,035 MeV to the 9/2⁺-ground state of In¹⁰⁹.     

Der Zerfall des163Tb

The beta and gamma radiations of¹⁶³Tb have been investigated employing scintillation and semiconductor spectrometers and coincidence techniques. The sources were produced by the¹⁶³Dy(n,p)¹⁶³Tb reaction. A half-life of 19.5 min has been measured without evidence for an isomeric state in the half-life range of 2 sec to 7 d; especially a 6.5 h activity previously assigned to¹⁶³Tb could not be confirmed. 76 of the total of 82 gamma-ray transitions, representing 99.6% of the gamma-ray intensity, could be assigned to 23 levels in¹⁶³Dy. From beta and beta-gamma coincidence measurements aQβ-value of 1.7 ± 0.1 MeV has been determined. Spin and parity of 3/2⁺ are deduced for the ground state of¹⁶³Tb with the Nilsson configuration [411↑]. The level at 884 keV is interpreted as aJ ^π=1/2⁺ state with a high contribution of the three-quasiparticle configurationp[411↑]-p[523↑]-n[523↓] because of an allowed unhindered beta-ray transition to this level.     

Der Zerfall des Cu61

Theγ-ray-spectrum of Ni⁶¹ associated with the E.C. andΒ ⁺-decay of Cu⁶¹ has been measured with a Ge(Li)-counter. The observed 14 newγ-ray-transitions led to a new level-scheme for this decay with Ni⁶¹-Ievels at: 67.7, 282.9, 656.0, 907.9, 1099.8, 1132.7, 1186.8, 1610.6, 1730.8 and 2128.0 keV. Five of these levels were known from earlier investigations of Cu⁶¹-decay, but all of them could be identified with some of previously reported levels found in scattering experiments. As far as possible spin and parity assignments have been made and are compared with the results of scattering experiments.     

Der Zerfall des94Sr

The nuclide⁹⁴Sr was isolated by chemical separation methods after thermal neutron induced fission of²³⁵U. Its decay properties were investigated employing semi-conductor spectrometers and coincidence techniques. A half-life of 74.1±0.3 sec was found. Besides the 1428.3 keV γ-ray we found 4 new γ-rays which could be placed in a decay scheme comprising three excited states of⁹⁴Y. The 1⁺ states in theuu-nuclides^90,92,94Y and^88,90,92Rb are compared.     

Konversionskoeffizienten und Fluoreszenzausbeuten beim Zerfall des Ir192m und Co58m

With a proportionalcounter and an anthracene-crystal-spectrometer theL-X-ray- and the conversion-electron-spectra of \(Ir^{192_{m_1 } } \) were measured. TheL-fluorescenceyield of iridium was found to beω _L=0.30±0.04. The partial fluorescence-yields of theL ₂- andL ₃-subshells could be determined:ω _L2 =0.35±0.14 andω _L3 =0.29±0.04. The conversion-coefficients for the isomeric transition of \(Ir^{192_{m_1 } } \) were also measured:α _L =1660±250 andα _L +α _M =2030±230. The spectra of the conversion-electrons of the 25 keV-isomeric transition of \(Co^{58_m } \) were measured with a methane-filled proportionalcounter, and theγ- and X-rays with a Nal-scintillation-spectrometer. The conversion-coefficients for this transition and theK-fluorescence-yield of cobalt were found to beα _K =2000±260,α _L+M =890±150,K/(L+M)=2.25±0.15,α _K =0.34±0.02.     

Der Zerfall des84Rb und die Fluoreszenzausbeute von Krypton

The electron capture decay and the positron decay of⁸⁴Rb were investigated using NaJ (Tl)-detectors and a Ge (Li)-detector. Measurements of all intensities and of some informative double and triple coincidences were performed. From coincidence measurements betweenK-X-radiation and the following γ-radiation we got theK-fluorescence yield of Krypton Ω_itK=0.653 ± 0.004. Taking in consideration former measurements¹ one concludes a continuous behaviour of Ω_itK(Z) forZ=36, 37 and 38 within an uncertainty of 1%. For the branching ratios of the decay of⁸⁴Rb we obtained The half-life of⁸⁴Rb was determined to beT _1/2=(34.5 ± 0.2) d.     

Der Zerfall des Se71

The present paper starts form the original Ginzburg-Landau-equations of superconductivity and the linear theory of elasticity for internal stresses as well as the experimental fact that the specific volume and the elastic constants vary throughout the superconducting phase. With the aid of phenomenological expressions for the free energy and the spontaneous deformation (superconductive magnetostriction) of a deformable type II superconductor, a general method is given for the determination of the interaction between the field of the order parameter, the magnetic field, and the field of the elastic deformations. For an isolated straight vortex-line and for a straight vortex-line in the neighbourhood of a dislocation of arbitrary character, formulas for the internal stresses are derived using first order perturbation theory (corresponding to first powers in the changes of specific volume and elastic constants).