Effect of Wave-Function Mixing in Antiprotonic Helium

The effect of wave-function mixing in antiprotonic helium is discussed. This effect manifests itself in a considerable change of the Auger decay rate of long-lived states of ^3,4He e. Properties of short-lived states which influence the decay rate of long-lived ones are described. It is proposed to observe these short-lived states in a direct experiment. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Metastable States in Antiprotonic Helium Atoms: An Island of Stability in a Sea of Continuum

 In this contribution we consider a phenomenon of metastable states in antiprotonic helium atoms, precise spectroscopy of these states and a present-day study of the electromagnetic properties of antiprotons. Received October 16, 2001; accepted for publication November 13, 2001     

High-Precision Calculation of the Fine and Hyperfine Structure Splittings of Antiprotonic Helium-3,4 Atoms

Hyperfine Interactions - In this work we explore electrochemical-polishing for thinning Fe-Mn samples. We set out by studying with CEMS and XCMS a sample approximately 1 mm thick of a bcc Fe-13.7...     

Energy Spectrum of Helium Confined to a Two-Dimensional Space

Making use of the adiabatic hyperspherical approach, we report a calculation for the energy spectrum of the ground and low-excited states of a two-dimensional helium in a magnetic field. The results show that the ground and low-excited states of helium in low-dimensional space are more stable than those in three-dimensional space and there may exist more bound states.     

Ab Initio Thermodynamics Calculation of Beta Decay Rates

Beta-decay half-lives for the free neutron, for ⁶He and ⁸He, and for ⁸Li are calculated ab initio from geometrical thermodynamics arguments, independently of any quantum mechanics. Half-lives for the decay of ⁸Be to two alphas and for the disintegration of the tetraneutron are also calculated. The calculated values are close to those experimentally observed.     

采用从头计算方法研究液态氦原子间等效对势

 提出了一种具有体心立方排列的原子团簇He₉模型,用于模拟液氦中邻近原子的近程平均分布特征,并运用量子从头计算方法和原子团簇理论计算技术,首次从理论上计算了液态氦原子间等效作用对势。计算给出的等效对势能较好地再现液氦的等温压缩线及冲击压缩线,所提出的液体等效结构的原子团簇模型能比较合理地描述液氦近程结构特征以及原子间多体相互作用规律。还将理论对势函数与经验Exp-6势进行了比较。     

A Study of Confined Helium Atom

The helium atom confined by a spherical parabolic potential well is studied employing the adiabatic hyperspherical approach method. Total energies of the ground and three low-excited states are obtained as a function of the confined potential radii. We find that the energies of a spherical parabolic potential well are in good agreement with those of an impenetrable spherical box for the larger confined potential radius. We find also that the confinement may cause accidental degeneracies between levels with different low-excited states and the inversion of the energy values. The results for the three-dimensional spherical potential well and the two-dimensional disc-like potential well are compared with each other. We find that the energy difference between states in a two-dimensional parabolic potential is also obviously larger than the corresponding levels for a spherical parabolic potential.     

Electronic Structure of Helium Atom in a Quantum Dot

Bound and resonance states of helium atom have been investigated inside a quantum dot by using explicitly correlated Hylleraas type basis set within the framework of stabilization method.To be specific,precise energy eigenvalues of bound 1sns(~1S~e)(n=1-6)states and the resonance parameters i.e.positions and widths of~lS~e states due to 2sns(n=2-5)and 2pnp(n=2-5)configurations of confined helium below N=2 ionization threshold of He~+have been estimated.The two-parameter(Depth and Width)finite oscillator potential is used to represent the confining potential due to the quantum dot.It has been explicitly demonstrated that the electronic structural properties become sensitive functions of the dot size.It is observed from the calculations of ionization potential that the stability of an impurity ion within a quantum dot may be manipulated by varying the confinement parameters.A possibility of controlling the autoionization lifetime of doubly excited states of two-electron ions by tuning the width of the quantum cavity is also discussed here.     

计算双电子原子基态能量的坐标张弛变分法

给出了一种计算双电子原子基态能量和波函数的坐标张弛的变分方法.同时,利用Matlab语言开发了一个软件程序,对He原子和类He离子的基态能量进行了变分计算.     

Calculation of Excited States of He Atoms in a Strong Magnetic Field

A recently developed B-spline algorithm is extended and utilized to calculate excited states of He atoms in the presence of strong magnetic fields. Binding energies are presented for He in the five excited atomic states 2¹0⁺, 1¹0^-, 2¹0^-, 1¹(-1)⁺, and 2¹(-1)⁺ with magnetic field strength ranging from 0.0001 to 10 a.u. The obtained energies are compared with available theoretical data, and found to be in good agreement. We investigate influence of magnetic fields on atomic structures of multielectron atoms, and illustrate that how electron probability density distributions change with increasing magnetic field strength. The current approach is directly applicable to simulations of discrete spectra for He atoms in the atmospheres of magnetized white dwarf stars.     

氦原子1sns组态能量及其相对论修正

利用Mathemtica语言开发了一套计算氦原子1sns组态能量的程序.提出了构造氦原子1sns组态波函数的新方法,利用Rayleigh-Ritz变分法对氦原子1sns(n=2—5)组态的非相对论能量进行了计算,并计算了其相对论修正值(包括质量修正、单体达尔文修正、双体达尔文修正、自旋-自旋接触相互作用修正、轨道-轨道相互作用修正),计算结果与实验值相当接近. 关键词： 氦原子 能量 变分法 Mathemtica程序     

Calculation of Energy and Other Properties of Muonic Helium Atom Using Boundary Conditions of Wave Function

The properties of muonic helium atom （^4He＋2μ-e-） in ground state are considered. In this work, the energy and average distance between particles have been obtained using a wave function, which satisfies boundary conditions. It is shown that the obtained energy are very close to the values calculated by others. But the small differences of the expectation values of r^2n are due to the incorporated boundary conditions in proposed wave function and are expected.     

基于第一性原理的固氦零点振动能的量子理论计算

基于第一性原理,运用原子团簇理论和Hartree-Fock Self-Consistent-Field从头算法计算了高压固氦hcp结构在平衡位置r=1.75-2.6Å附近的原子相互作用能,并使用1stOpt软件拟合出固氦的零点振动频率,得到零点振动能、Gruneisen系数及零点振动压强,最后与实验值做了比较.结果表明：固氦晶体在其各自平衡位置附近的运动可近似为简谐振动;固氦晶体的零点振动频率随着摩尔体积的增大而减小;零点振动能占多体相互总能的比例超过5%,已不可忽略,其比例随摩尔体积的增加而增大;零点振动能随原子间距和摩尔体积的增大而减小;Gruneisen系数随着摩尔体积的增大而增大,并始终处于1和2之间;零点振动引起的压强与实验值曲线趋势完全一致,但比实验值稍小,零点振动压强对总压强的贡献随着摩尔体积的增大由8%增大到50%左右,由此引起的零点振动压强值的贡献越来越大.     

基于第一性原理的固氦零点振动能的量子理论计算

基于第一性原理,运用原子团簇理论和Hartree-Fock Self-Consistent-Field从头算法计算了高压固氦hcp结构在平衡位置r=1.75-2.6附近的原子相互作用能,并使用1stOpt软件拟合出固氦的零点振动频率,得到零点振动能、Gruneisen系数及零点振动压强,最后与实验值做了比较.结果表明:固氦晶体在其各自平衡位置附近的运动可近似为简谐振动;固氦晶体的零点振动频率随着摩尔体积的增大而减小;零点振动能占多体相互总能的比例超过5%,已不可忽略,其比例随摩尔体积的增加而增大;零点振动能随原子间距和摩尔体积的增大而减小;Gruneisen系数随着摩尔体积的增大而增大,并始终处于1和2之间;零点振动引起的压强与实验值曲线趋势完全一致,但比实验值稍小,零点振动压强对总压强的贡献随着摩尔体积的增大由8%增大到50%左右,由此引起的零点振动压强值的贡献越来越大.     

Calculation of Energy and Other Properties of Muonic Helium Atom Using Boundary Conditions of Wave Function

The properties of muonic helium atom (⁴He⁺²μ^-e^-) in ground state are considered. In this work, the energy and average distance between particles have been obtained using a wave function, which satisfies boundary conditions. It is shown that the obtained energy are very close to the values calculated by others. But the small differences of the expectation values of r²ⁿare due to the incorporated boundary conditions in proposed wave function and are expected.     

碱土金属原子与Ne原子间相互作用势的理论计算

本文基于无任何可调参数的势模型计算了碱土金属原子(Be、Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba)与Ne原子间相互作用势,得到的势能曲线及势阱位置和深度与现有的从头计算结果符合较好.本文的计算结果进一步验证了碱土金属原子与稀有气体原子间交换能主要来自碱土金属原子最外层s电子与稀有气体原子最外层p电子之间的交换作用.     

核衰变产生的X射线和俄歇电子数据计算

核衰变过程中,内转换电子发射和电子俘获能在原子电子壳层内留下空穴.其他原子电子壳层的电子将填补这些空穴,其原子电子位置将重排,并发射X射线和俄歇电子.X射线和俄歇电子的能量由原子电子结合能计算得到,X射线和俄歇电子的强度分别由内转换电子发射和电子俘获在原子电子壳层内留下的空穴数,X射线荧光产额,和空穴转移系数计算得到.本文简要介绍核衰变产生的X射线和俄歇电子数据的计算方法、计算程序与工作流程,并以核衰变为例说明其具体应用和简要讨论与总结.     

氦原子基态的斯塔克效应

用微扰与变分相结合的方法计算了氦原子基态的斯塔克效应，通过计算发现这种方法简便直观，尤其适用于低激发态且电子数不太多的原子．     

Kinetics of the Excited States of Helium in an Atmospheric-Pressure Glow Discharge in a Helium-Nitrogen Mixture

Using an atomic-absorption spectral analysis technique, we determined the concentrations of helium atoms in states 2¹S, 2¹P, 2³S, and 2³P in an atmospheric-pressure glow discharge in helium (99.98%) and in a mixture of helium with nitrogen (99.5%He+0.5%N₂). It is shown that the population of the lower excited levels of helium atoms (n = 2) in its mixture with nitrogen is almost an order of magnitude smaller than in the case of a discharge in helium. The maximum of the concentration of excited atoms in a discharge both in helium and in its mixture with nitrogen is in the cathode region at a distance of about 0.1 mm from the cathode. The reaction of quenching of excited helium atoms by nitrogen molecules is responsible for the sharp decrease in the concentration of He(n = 2) on addition of nitrogen into helium. Presented at the 5th Symposium on Physics and Diagnostics of Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, Belarus, Serbia and Montenegro, Minsk, Belarus, September 20–23, 2004; 12th International Congress on Plasma Physics, October 25–29, 2004, Nice, France. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 72, No. 4, pp. 530–537, July–August, 2005.