Rigorous Derivation and Analysis of Coupling of Kinetic Equations and Their Hydrodynamic Limits for a Simplified Boltzmann Model

In this paper we derive rigorously the coupling of kinetic equations and their hydrodynamic limits for a simplified kinetic model. We prove the global convergence of the Chapman–Enskog expansion for this model. We then study the existence theory and asymptotic behaviour of the coupled systems. To solve the coupled problems we propose to use the transmission time marching algorithm. We then develop a convergence theory for the resulting algorithms.     

A Pseudo-Stokes Mesh Motion Algorithm

This work presents a moving mesh methodology based on the solution of a pseudo flow problem. The mesh motion is modeled as a pseudo Stokes problem solved by an explicit finite element projection method. The mesh quality requirements are satisfied by employing a null divergent velocity condition. This methodology is applied to triangular unstructured meshes and compared to well known approaches such as the ones based on diffusion and pseudo structural problems. One of the test cases is an airfoil with a fully meshed domain. A specific rotation velocity is imposed as the airfoil boundary condition. The other test is a set of two cylinders that move toward each other. A mesh quality criterion is employed to identify critically distorted elements and to evaluate the performance of each mesh motion approach. The results obtained for each test case show that the pseudo-flow methodology produces satisfactory meshes during the moving process.     

一类自适应运动网格的ALE方法

从积分形式的二维Lagrange流体力学方程组出发,使用ENO高阶插值多项式,推广了四边形结构网格下的一阶有限体积格式,构造一类结构网格下的高精度有限体积格式.结合有效的守恒重映方法,发展一类高精度的ALE方法,并结合自适应运动网格技术,进行ALE方法的数值模拟,得到预期的效果.     

A Method of Lines Based on Immersed Finite Elements for Parabolic Moving Interface Problems

This article extends the finite element method of lines to a parabolic initial boundary value problem whose diffusion coefficient is discontinuous across an interface that changes with respect to time. The method presented here uses immersed finite element (IFE) functions for the discretization in spatial variables that can be carried out over a fixed mesh (such as a Cartesian mesh if desired), and this feature makes it possible to reduce the parabolic equation to a system of ordinary differential equations (ODE) through the usual semi-discretization procedure. Therefore, with a suitable choice of the ODE solver, this method can reliably and efficiently solve a parabolic moving interface problem over a fixed structured (Cartesian) mesh. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate features of this new method.     

一种快速的单目移动相机下运动目标检测方法

从射影几何的角度分析了单目移动相机下场景运动矢量与摄像机运动之间的关系,基于摄像机光心坐标系,提出了一种快速极线估计算法.该算法中摄像机在此坐标系下永远静止,只有场景和运动目标在运动,将原来移动平台下运动目标检测的问题转换成静止平台下场景全局运动与运动目标独立运动的问题,并推导出光流约束的简洁形式.该算法框架能够根据KLT算法获得Harris角点光流场,并根据实际图像的运动场补偿摄像机的随机运动,同时在保证算法准确性与鲁棒性的前提下,与原来算法相比,计算速度提升了10倍左右.根据实际采集的图像序列进行了分析对比,真实的数据测试表明快速极线估计算法在保证算法准确性与鲁棒性的前提下,极大地降低了算法的计算量与计算时间,从而无需三维重建便可有效地解决单目移动摄像机下运动目标检测的问题.     

A New Method to Construct Integrable Coupling System for Burgers Equation Hierarchy by Kronecker Product

It is shown that the Kronecker product can be applied to construct a new integrable coupling system of soliton equation hierarchy in this paper. A direct application to the Burgers spectral problem leads to a novel soliton equation hierarchy of integrable coupling system. It indicates that the Kronecker product is an efficient and straightforward method to construct the integrable couplings.     

大长宽比扭曲网格上辅助网格差分方法

讨论抛物型方程的离散差分格式的构造,对九点差分格式进行了适用范围的讨论,并在此基础上提出辅助网格差分方法,用于处理因网格长宽比大且扭曲较大的网格引起的计算精度与计算效率降低的问题,该方法从守恒方程出发,将九点差分格式应用于按某种合适的方式进行重分之后的网格上,减少由于网格正则性差以及网格节点上的物理量采用周围网格量的加权平均等原因所引起的计算误差,得到一个新的但其解仍然逼近原来网格上的物理量的方程组.所构造的方法便于实施,且更适合于对实际物理模型的模拟,能比较好地适应流体大变形导致的网格扭曲,数值试验表明它有较好的数值精度和稳定性.     

格子Boltzmann方法中三维运动边界的统一模型

格子Boltzmann方法(LBM)中边界条件的处理很复杂,在现有的边界条件处理方法中,动力学格式能够精确满足宏观边界条件,但由于要解一个不定方程,必须引入附加假设确保方程非奇异.作为动力学格式和反弹格式的一种扩展,提出一种处理三维任意速度运动边界的统一模型,其中人口速度和固体壁面速度是该模型的特殊情形.给出用于三维15速度的表达式.为了检验该模型,模拟对角顶盖驱动三维空腔流,并将结果与有限差分法计算的结果进行比较,说明所提出的统一模型是合理可行的.     

An Efficient Dynamic Mesh Generation Method for Complex Multi-Block Structured Grid

Aiming at a complex multi-block structured grid, an efficient dynamic mesh generation method is presented in this paper, which is based on radial basis functions (RBFs) and transfinite interpolation (TFI). When the object is moving, the multi-block structured grid would be changed. The fast mesh deformation is critical for numerical simulation. In this work, the dynamic mesh deformation is completed in two steps. At first, we select all block vertexes with known deformation as center points, and apply RBFs interpolation to get the grid deformation on block edges. Then, an arc-lengthbased TFI is employed to efficiently calculate the grid deformation on block faces and inside each block. The present approach can be well applied to both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) problems. Numerical results show that the dynamic meshes for all test cases can be generated in an accurate and efficient manner.     

A Consistent Grid Coupling Method for Lattice-Boltzmann Schemes

A method of coupling grids of different mesh size is developed for classical Lattice-Boltzmann (LB) algorithms on uniform grids. The approach is based on an asymptotic analysis revealing suitable quantities equalized along the grid interfaces for exchanging information between the subgrids. In contrast to other couplings the method works without overlap zones. Moreover the grid velocity (Mach number) is not kept constant, as the time step depends not linearly but quadratically on the grid spacing. To illustrate the basic idea we use a simple LB algorithm solving the advection-diffusion equation. The proposed grid coupling is validated by numerical convergence studies indicating, that the coupling does not affect the second-order convergence behavior of the LB algorithm which is observed on uniform grids. In order to demonstrate its principal applicability to other LB models, the coupling is generalized to the standard D2P9 model for (Navier-)Stokes flow and tested numerically. As we use analytic tools different from the Chapman-Enskog expansion, the theoretical background material is given in two appendices. In particular, the results of numerical experiments are confirmed with a consistency analysis.     

用SPH-MD耦合算法模拟微通道中的液氩流动

本文构造了SPH(光滑粒子动力学)-MD(分子动力学)耦合程序,在不同宽度微通道内,对不同驱动力下的液氩流动进行了模拟计算。结果表明,在通道宽度较窄时,流体速度分布和黏性系数分布均表现出很强的微尺度效应,随着通道宽度增大,这种微尺度效应逐渐减弱,流动特征逐渐接近于宏观Poiseuille流。     

The Invariant Eigen-Operator Method for Hamiltonians with Coordinates-Coordinates Coupling Terms

In this paper, we apply the method of “invariant eigen-operator” to study the Hamiltonian of harmonic oscillator with couplings and derive their invariant eigen-operator. We first discuss decoupling of coupled harmonic oscillators with the two different quality and frequencies. And then, we propose an operator Hamiltonian to describe the linear lattice chain with Born–von Karman boundary condition. The vibrating spectrum is thus obtained. The results show that, for the system of coupled harmonic oscillators by coordinate coupling or momentum coupling, the invariant eigen operator of system always has the form of or .     

Finite Difference/Element Method for a Two-Dimensional Modified Fractional Diffusion Equation

We present the finite difference/element method for a two-dimensional modified fractional diffusion equation. The analysis is carried out first for the time semi-discrete scheme, and then for the full discrete scheme. The time discretization is based on the $L1$-approximation for the fractional derivative terms and the second-order backward differentiation formula for the classical first order derivative term. We use finite element method for the spatial approximation in full discrete scheme. We show that both the semi-discrete and full discrete schemes are unconditionally stable and convergent. Moreover, the optimal convergence rate is obtained. Finally, some numerical examples are tested in the case of one and two space dimensions and the numerical results confirm our theoretical analysis.     

A Moving Pseudo-Boundary MFS for Three-Dimensional Void Detection

We propose a new moving pseudo-boundary method of fundamental solutions (MFS) for the determination of the boundary of a three-dimensional void (rigid inclusion or cavity) within a conducting homogeneous host medium from overdetermined Cauchy data on the accessible exterior boundary. The algorithm for imaging the interior of the medium also makes use of radial spherical parametrization of the unknown star-shaped void and its centre in three dimensions. We also include the contraction and dilation factors in selecting the fictitious surfaces where the MFS sources are to be positioned in the set of unknowns in the resulting regularized nonlinear least-squares minimization. The feasibility of this new method is illustrated in several numerical examples.     

A Collocation Method for Solving Fractional Riccati Differential Equation

In this article, we have introduced a Taylor collocation method, which is based on collocation method for solving fractional Riccati differential equation. The fractional derivatives are described in the Caputo sense. This method is based on first taking the truncated Taylor expansions of the solution function in the fractional Riccati differential equation and then substituting their matrix forms into the equation. Using collocation points, the systems of nonlinear algebraic equation are derived. We further solve the system of nonlinear algebraic equation using Maple 13 and thus obtain the coefficients of the generalized Taylor expansion. Illustrative examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Homotopy Perturbation Method for Time-Fractional Shock Wave Equation

A scheme is developed to study numerical solution of the time-fractional shock wave equation and wave equation under initial conditions by the homotopy perturbation method (HPM). The fractional derivatives are taken in the Caputo sense. The solutions are given in the form of series with easily computable terms. Numerical results are illustrated through the graph.     

A Spectral Method for Second Order Volterra Integro-Differential Equation with Pantograph Delay

In this paper, a Legendre-collocation spectral method is developed for the second order Volterra integro-differential equation with pantograph delay. We provide a rigorous error analysis for the proposed method. The spectral rate of convergence for the proposed method is established in both $L^2$-norm and $L^∞$-norm.     

Iterative Method for Solving a Problem with Mixed Boundary Conditions for Biharmonic Equation

The solution of boundary value problems (BVP) for fourth order differential equations by their reduction to BVP for second order equations, with the aim to use the available efficient algorithms for the latter ones, attracts attention from many researchers. In this paper, using the technique developed by the authors in recent works we construct iterative method for a problem with complicated mixed boundary conditions for biharmonic equation which is originated from nanofluidic physics. The convergence rate of the method is proved and some numerical experiments are performed for testing its dependence on a parameter appearing in boundary conditions and on the position of the point where a transmission of boundary conditions occurs.     

On a Large Time-Stepping Method for the Swift-Hohenberg Equation

The main purpose of this work is to contrast and analyze a large time-stepping numerical method for the Swift-Hohenberg (SH) equation. This model requires very large time simulation to reach steady state, so developing a large time step algorithm becomes necessary to improve the computational efficiency. In this paper, a semi-implicit Euler scheme in time is adopted. An extra artificial term is added to the discretized system in order to preserve the energy stability unconditionally. The stability property is proved rigorously based on an energy approach. Numerical experiments are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the large time-stepping approaches by comparing with the classical scheme.     

Two-Level Defect-Correction Method for Steady Navier-Stokes Problem with Friction Boundary Conditions

In this paper, we present two-level defect-correction finite element method for steady Navier-Stokes equations at high Reynolds number with the friction boundary conditions, which results in a variational inequality problem of the second kind. Based on Taylor-Hood element, we solve a variational inequality problem of Navier-Stokes type on the coarse mesh and solve a variational inequality problem of Navier-Stokes type corresponding to Newton linearization on the fine mesh. The error estimates for the velocity in the $H^1$ norm and the pressure in the $L^2$ norm are derived. Finally, the numerical results are provided to confirm our theoretical analysis.