Synthesis of peptidomimetics, δ- and {\varepsilon}-lactam tetrazoles

A concise two-step procedure for the synthesis of novel δ-lactam tetrazoles has been established via the Ugi-azide reaction using 5-oxohexanoic acid along with primary amines, isocyanides, and azidotrimethylsilane followed by 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole-mediated intramolecular amide formation. Expansion to [Formula: see text]-lactam tetrazole scaffolds was accomplished using methyl 6-oxoheptanoate via the same Ugi-azide reaction followed by basic hydrolysis and SOCl(2) activation to enable lactam formation.     

Contribution of a heavy singlet quark to the mass differences \Delta m_{K^o } , \Delta m_{B_d } , and \Delta m_{B_s } and to the CP-violation parameter ɛ K

It is shown that, within the Standard Model extended by including a singlet quark heavy enough to prevent its direct detection at LHC, the mass differences $ \Delta m_{B_d } $ and $ \Delta m_{B_s } $ and the parameter of CP violation in K-meson oscillations, ? _K , acquire universal corrections of about 5 to 10%. Implicit experimental constraints on the mass of this new quark are discussed.     

Asymptotic Stability, Concentration, and Oscillation in Harmonic Map Heat-Flow, Landau-Lifshitz, and Schrödinger Maps on {\mathbb R^2}

We consider the Landau-Lifshitz equations of ferromagnetism (including the harmonic map heat-flow and Schrödinger flow as special cases) for degree m equivariant maps from ${\mathbb {R}^2}We consider the Landau-Lifshitz equations of ferromagnetism (including the harmonic map heat-flow and Schr?dinger flow as special cases) for degree m equivariant maps from \mathbb R²{\mathbb {R}^2} to \mathbb S²{\mathbb {S}^2} . If m ≥ 3, we prove that near-minimal energy solutions converge to a harmonic map as t → ∞ (asymptotic stability), extending previous work (Gustafson et al., Duke Math J 145(3), 537–583, 2008) down to degree m = 3. Due to slow spatial decay of the harmonic map components, a new approach is needed for m = 3, involving (among other tools) a “normal form” for the parameter dynamics, and the 2D radial double-endpoint Strichartz estimate for Schr?dinger operators with sufficiently repulsive potentials (which may be of some independent interest). When m = 2 this asymptotic stability may fail: in the case of heat-flow with a further symmetry restriction, we show that more exotic asymptotics are possible, including infinite-time concentration (blow-up), and even “eternal oscillation”.     

K S 0 , Λ and ≡ production at intermediate to high pT from Au+Au collisions at \sqrt {s_{NN} } = 39, 11.5 and 7.7 GeV

We report on the p _T dependence of nuclear modification factors (R _CP) for K _S ⁰ , ??, ?? and the $\bar NK_S^0 $ ratios at mid-rapidity from Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt {s_{NN} } $ = 39, 11.5 and 7.7 GeV. At $\sqrt {s_{NN} } $ = 39 GeV, the R _CP data show a baryon/meson separation at intermediate p _T and a suppression for K _S ⁰ for p _T up to 4.5 GeV/c; the $\bar \Lambda K_S^0 $ shows baryon enhancement in the most central collisions. However, at $\sqrt {s_{NN} } $ = 11.5 and 7.7 GeV, R _CP shows less baryon/meson separation and $\bar NK_S^0 $ shows almost no baryon enhancement. These observations indicate that the matter created in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt {s_{NN} } $ = 11.5 or 7.7 GeV might be distinct from that created at $\sqrt {s_{NN} } $ = 39 GeV.     

Analysis of the vertexes \Xi_{Q}^{*}′QV , \Sigma_{Q}^{*} \Sigma_{Q}^{}V and radiative decays \Xi_{Q}^{*} \rightarrow ′Q \gamma , \Sigma_{Q}^{*} \rightarrow \Sigma_{Q}^{} \gamma

In this article, we study the vertexes $ \Xi_{Q}^{*}$ ′_Q V and $ \Sigma_{Q}^{*}$ $ \Sigma_{Q}^{}$ V with the light-cone QCD sum rules, then assume the vector meson dominance of the intermediate $ \phi$ (1020) , $ \rho$ (770) and $ \omega$ (782) , and calculate the radiative decays $ \Xi_{Q}^{*}$ $ \rightarrow$ ′_Q $ \gamma$ and $ \Sigma_{Q}^{*}$ $ \rightarrow$ $ \Sigma_{Q}^{}$ $ \gamma$ .     

ψ(4040) and ψ(4160) Decays into the Dd± Ds∓$ D_{d}^{\pm } D_{s}^{\mp }$ Pair and the S- D Mixing Effects

The ψ(4040) and ψ(4160) →\(D_{d}^{\pm }D_{s}^{\mp }\) decays are studied with the perturbative QCD approach phenomenologically. It is found that branching ratios for these decays are insensitive to the S-D mixing angle ?? ∈ [?30^°,30^°], and too tiny to be measured in the near future experiments.     

Dirac multimode ket-bra operators’ \mathfrak{Q}-ordered and \mathfrak{P}-ordered integration theory and general squeezing operator

We develop quantum mechanical Dirac ket-bra operator’s integration theory in $\mathfrak{Q}$ -ordering or $\mathfrak{P}$ -ordering to multimode case, where $\mathfrak{Q}$ -ordering means all Qs are to the left of all Ps and $\mathfrak{P}$ -ordering means all Ps are to the left of all Qs. As their applications, we derive $\mathfrak{Q}$ -ordered and $\mathfrak{P}$ -ordered expansion formulas of multimode exponential operator $e^{ - iP_l \Lambda _{lk} Q_k } $ . Application of the new formula in finding new general squeezing operators is demonstrated. The general exponential operator for coordinate representation transformation $\left| {\left. {\left( {_{q_2 }^{q_1 } } \right)} \right\rangle \to } \right|\left. {\left( {_{CD}^{AB} } \right)\left( {_{q_2 }^{q_1 } } \right)} \right\rangle $ is also derived. In this way, much more correpondence relations between classical coordinate transformations and their quantum mechanical images can be revealed.     

Untersuchung des ZerfallsBi^{212} (ThC)\xrightarrow{\beta }Po^{212} (ThC')\xrightarrow{\alpha }Pb^{208} (ThD) durch (γ, α)-Koinzidenzen

Theγ-spektrum of Po²¹² (ThC′) has been measured by (γ, α)-coincidences with a fast-slow coincidence apparatus. The results are in excellent agreement with the conversion lines found by theLatyshev group. The absoluteγ-intensities have also been determined in order to get spins and parities of the levels by calculating the absolute conversion coefficients. Theβ-intensity leading to the exited states of Po²¹²(ThC′) is estimated to be about one third of that measured byBurde andRozner by (β, α)-coincidences. Threeγ-lines measured byChinaglia andDemichelis by (γ, α)-coincidences do not agree with our results. The 2⁺ assignment of the first exited state is now well established, but for the other levels in the decay scheme there is still some uncertainty concerning spin and level assignment.     

Quaternionic Kähler Detour Complexes and $${\mathcal{N} = 2}$$ Supersymmetric Black Holes

We study a class of supersymmetric spinning particle models derived from the radial quantization of stationary, spherically symmetric black holes of four dimensional \({{\mathcal N} = 2}\) supergravities. By virtue of the c-map, these spinning particles move in quaternionic Kähler manifolds. Their spinning degrees of freedom describe mini-superspace-reduced supergravity fermions. We quantize these models using BRST detour complex technology. The construction of a nilpotent BRST charge is achieved by using local (worldline) supersymmetry ghosts to generate special holonomy transformations. (An interesting byproduct of the construction is a novel Dirac operator on the superghost extended Hilbert space.) The resulting quantized models are gauge invariant field theories with fields equaling sections of special quaternionic vector bundles. They underly and generalize the quaternionic version of Dolbeault cohomology discovered by Baston. In fact, Baston’s complex is related to the BPS sector of the models we write down. Our results rely on a calculus of operators on quaternionic Kähler manifolds that follows from BRST machinery, and although directly motivated by black hole physics, can be broadly applied to any model relying on quaternionic geometry.     

On the core structure and mobility of the 〈100〉{010} and 〈100〉{01^-1} dislocations in B2 structure YAg and YCu

Dislocations are thought to be the principal mechanism of high ductility of the novel B2 structure intermetallic compounds YAg and YCu.In this paper,the edge dislocation core structures of two primary slip systems 〈100 〉{010} and 〈100 〉 {011} for YAg and YCu are presented theoretically within the lattice theory of dislocation.The governing dislocation equation is a nonlinear integro-differential equation and the variational method is applied to solve the equation.Peierls stresses for 〈100 〉 {010} and 〈100 〉 {011} slip systems are calculated taking into consideration the contribution of the elastic strain energy.The core width and Peierls stress of a typical transition-metal aluminide NiAl is also reported for the purpose of verification and comparison.The Peierls stress of NiAl obtained here is in agreement with numerical results,which verifies the correctness of the results obtained for YAg and YCu.Peierls stresses of the 〈100 〉 {011} slip system are smaller than those of〈100 〉 {010} for the same intermetallic compounds originating from the smaller unstable stacking fault energy.The obvious high unstable stacking fault energy of NiAl results in a larger Peierls stress than those of YAg and YCu although they have the same B2 structure.The results show that the core structure and Peierls stress depend monotonically on the unstable stacking fault energy.     

η , \eta{^\prime} mixing angle and \eta{^\prime} gluonium content extraction from the KLOE Rφ measurement⋆

In this report the extraction of the η , $ \eta{^\prime}$ mixing angle and of the $ \eta{^\prime}$ gluonium content from the R _φ = Br(φ(1020) → $ \eta{^\prime}$ γ)/Br(φ(1020) → ηγ) is updated. The $ \eta{^\prime}$ gluonium content is estimated by fitting R _φ , together, with other decay branching ratios. The extracted parameters are: Z ² _G = 0.12±0.04 and ?_P = (40.4±0.9)^° .     

Regularity and Existence of Global Solutions to the Ericksen–Leslie System in {\mathbb{R}^2}

In this paper, we first establish the regularity theorem for suitable weak solutions to the Ericksen–Leslie system in \({\mathbb{R}^2}\) . Building on such a regularity, we then establish the existence of a global weak solution to the Ericksen–Leslie system in \({\mathbb{R}^2}\) for any initial data in the energy space, under the physical constraints on the Leslie coefficients ensuring the dissipation of energy of the system, which is smooth away from at most finitely many times. This extends earlier works by Lin et al. (Arch Ration Mech Anal 197:297–336, 2010) on a simplified nematic liquid crystal flow to the general Ericksen–Leslie system.     

Deuteron Breakup Differential Cross Sections and Analyzing Powers of {\overrightarrow{d} + p} Scattering at E d = 16 and 130 MeV

Deuteron breakup differential cross sections and analyzing powers for ${\overrightarrow{d} + p}$ scattering at E _d  = 16 and 130 MeV are examined using the energy-independent quark-model nucleon–nucleon interaction fss2. The Coulomb effect is incorporated by the sharp cut-off Coulomb force, acting between quarks, without the phase-shift renormalization for the breakup amplitudes. Our results are very similar to those by the meson-exchange potentials, including disagreement for some specific kinematical configurations. The accurate and systematic KVI data at E _d  = 130 MeV are reasonably reproduced by taking the Coulomb cut-off radius ρ ≥ 16 fm.     

Properties of multiplicity distributions in νA and\bar v A intersections atE_{\begin{array}{*{20}c} {( - )} \\ v \\ \end{array} }< 30GeV

We present data on the multiplicity structure of inclusive charged hadron production in charged current neutrino and antineutrino freon interactions in the energy range 3–30 GeV resulting from an experiment with the bubble chamber SKAT. Average multiplicities, dispersions and correlation coefficients are investigated. Furthermore, KNO-scaling is studied and average net charges are calculated in different kinematical regions. Our data are compared with results from \(\begin{array}{*{20}c} {( - )} \\ v \\ \end{array} \) -interactions on an isoscalar target of “free” nucleons to study the influence of nuclear effects.     

Inclusive charged hadron spectra in νA and\bar v A interactions atE_{\begin{array}{*{20}c} {( - )} \\ v \\ \end{array} }< 30GeV

We present inclusive spectra of charged hadrons produced in \(\begin{array}{*{20}c} {( - )} \\ v \\ \end{array}\) -Freon interactions at average beam energies of about 6 GeV. The experiment was done using the bubble chamber SKAT at the 70 GeV Serpukhov accelerator. In the hadronic energy range,W<5 GeV, dominantly isotropic events are found. The transverse momentum of the produced particles shows no strongW ²-dependence. Feynman-scaling may be reached forW ²?10 GeV², where also the?-spectra are described by the predictions of the parton model. All experimental data are reproduced rather well also by a Monte Carlo model based on ordinary phase space.     

Hadronic η and $ \eta{^\prime}$ decays

The hadronic decays η, ↦3π and ↦ηππ are investigated within the framework of U(3) chiral effective field theory in combination with a relativistic coupled-channels approach. Final state interactions are included by deriving s- and p-wave interaction kernels for meson-meson scattering from the chiral effective Lagrangian and iterating them in a Bethe-Salpeter equation. Very good overall agreement with currently available data on decay widths and spectral shapes is achieved.     

Inclusive production of charged hadrons and {\rm K}^0_{\rm S} mesons in photon–photon collisions

The production of charged hadrons and mesons in the collisions of quasi-real photons has been measured using the OPAL detector at LEP. The data were taken at centre-of-mass energies of 161 and 172 GeV. The differential cross-sections as a function of the transverse momentum and the pseudorapidity of the charged hadrons and mesons have been compared to the leading order Monte Carlo simulations of PHOJET and PYTHIA and to perturbative next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD calculations. The distributions have been measured in the range GeV of the hadronic invariant mass W. By comparing the transverse momentum distribution of charged hadrons measured in interactions with -proton and meson-proton data we find evidence for hard photon interactions in addition to the purely hadronic photon interactions. Received: 4 June 1998 / Published online: 6 November 1998