Bounded symmetric domains and polynomial convexity

For every bounded symmetric domain D=G/K in a complex vector space E of finite dimension we determine all polynomially convex compact subsets of E that are invariant under the compact linear group K, where D is realized in the standard way as circular convex domain in E.Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 17C50, 32E20, 32M15, 32V25     

Convex-compact sets and Banach discs

Every relatively convex-compact convex subset of a locally convex space is contained in a Banach disc. Moreover, an upper bound for the class of sets which are contained in a Banach disc is presented. If the topological dual E′ of a locally convex space E is the σ(E′,E)-closure of the union of countably many σ(E′,E)-relatively countably compacts sets, then every weakly (relatively) convex-compact set is weakly (relatively) compact.     

An example of a nuclear space in infinite dimensional holomorphy

LetU be an open subset of a complex locally convex spaceE, andH(U) the space of holomorphic functions fromU toC. If the dualE′ ofE is nuclear with respect to the topology generated by the absolutely convex compact subsets ofE, then it is shown thatH(U) endowed with the compact open topology is a nuclear space. In particular, ifE is the strong dual of a Fréchet nuclear space, thenH(U) is a Fréchet nuclear space.     

Schwartz spaces and compact holomorphic mappings

LetE be a locally convex space. We investigate under which conditions onE it is true that every holomorphic mapping fromE intoc ₀ is compact. We show that Schwartzity ofE is a sufficient condition and also a necessary condition ifE is quasi-normable.     

Positive linear extension operators for spaces of affine functions

The following result is proved: letE be anF-space (that is, the space of all continuous affine functions defined on a compact universal cap van shing at zero) and letMχE be anM-ideal. Then, ifE/M is a π₁ with positive defining projections, then there is a positive linear operator ϱ:E/M→E of norm one such that ϱ lifts the canonical mapE→E/M. In the proof, which heavily depends on work of Ando, we study ensor products of certain convex cones with compact bases, and we calculate the norm of a positive linear operator defined on a finite dimensional space with range in aF-space. Various corollaries are deduced for split faces of compact convex sets and for morphisms ofC ^*-algebras.     

A Krasnosel’skii-type result for planar sets starshaped via orthogonally convex paths

A Krasnosel’skii-type theorem for compact sets that are starshaped via staircase paths may be extended to compact sets that are starshaped via orthogonally convex paths: Let S be a nonempty compact planar set having connected complement. If every two points of S are visible via orthogonally convex paths from a common point of S, then S is starshaped via orthogonally convex paths. Moreover, the associated kernel Ker S has the expected property that every two of its points are joined in Ker S by an orthogonally convex path. If S is an arbitrary nonempty planar set that is starshaped via orthogonally convex paths, then for each component C of Ker S, every two of points of C are joined in C by an orthogonally convex path. Communicated by Imre Bárány     

The Choquet integral representation in the affine vector-valued case

LetX be any compact convex subset of a locally convex Hausdorff space andE be a complex Banach space. We denote byA(X, E) the space of all continuous and affineE-valued functions defined onX. In this paper we prove thatX is a Choquet simplex if and only if the dual ofA(X, E) is isometrically isomorphic by a selection map toM _m (X, E*), the space ofE*-valued,w*-regular boundary measures onX. This extends and strengthens a result of G. M. Ustinov. To do this we show that for any compact convex setX, each element of the dual ofA(X, E) can be represented by a measure inM _m (X, E*) with the same norm, and this representation is unique if and only ifX is a Choquet simplex. We also prove that ifX is metrizable andE is separable then there exists a selection map from the unit ball of the dual ofA(X, E) into the unit ball ofM _m (X, E*) which is weak* to weak*-Borel measurable.This work will constitute a portion of the author's Ph.D. Thesis at the University of Illinois.     

On a Fixed Point Theorem of Ky Fan

We generalize a theorem of Ky Fan about the nearest distance between a closed convex set D in a Banach space E and its image by a function ƒ:D→E, in several directions: (1) for noncompact sets D, when ƒ(D) precompact; (2) for compact D and upper semicontinuous multifunction ƒ and more generally, (3) for noncompact D and upper semicontinuous multifunction ƒ with ƒ(D) Hausdorff precompact. In particular, we prove a version of the fixed point theorem of Kakutani-Ky Fan for multifunctions whose values are convex closed bounded, thus not necessarily compact. Received May 23, 2000, Accepted September 4, 2001     

On the connectedness of the set of weakly efficient points of a vector optimization problem in locally convex spaces

In vector optimization, topological properties of the set of efficient and weakly efficient points are of interest. In this paper, we study the connectedness of the setE ^w of all weakly efficient points of a subsetZ of a locally convex spaceX with respect to a continuous mappingp:X Y,Y locally convex and partially ordered by a closed, convex cone with nonempty interior. Under the general assumptions thatZ is convex and closed and thatp is a pointwise quasiconvex mapping (i.e., a generalized quasiconvex concept), the setE ^w is connected, if the lower level sets ofp are compact. Furthermore, we show some connectedness results on the efficient points and the efficient and weakly efficient outcomes. The considerations of this paper extend the previous results of Refs. 1–3. Moreover, some examples in vector approximation are given.The author is grateful to Dr. D. T. Luc and to a referee for pointing out an error in an earlier version of this paper.     

On well posedness of best simultaneous approximation problems in Banach spaces

The well posedness of best simultaneous approximation problems is considered. We establish the generic results on the well posedness of the best simultaneous approximation problems for any closed weakly compact nonempty subset in a strictly convex Kadec Banach space. Further, we prove that the set of all points inE(G) such that the best simultaneous approximation problems are not well posed is a u- porous set inE(G) whenX is a uniformly convex Banach space. In addition, we also investigate the generic property of the ambiguous loci of the best simultaneous approximation.     

On Compact Graphs

Let G be a finite simple graph with adjacency matrix A, and let P（A） be the convex closure of the set of all permutation matrices commuting with A. G is said to be compact if every doubly stochastic matrix which commutes with A is in P（A）. In this paper, we characterize 3-regular compact graphs and prove that if G is a connected regular compact graph, G - v is also compact, and give a family of almost regular compact connected graphs.     

Non-overlapping control systems on Lie groups

LetG be a Lie group with Lie algebraL(G) and let Ω be a non-empty subset ofL(G). If Ω is interpreted as the set of controls, then the set of elements attainable from the identity for the system Ω is a subsemigroup ofG. A system Ω is called anon-overlapping control system if any element attainable for Ω is only attainable at one time. In this paper, we show that a compact convex generating nonoverlapping control systems on a connected Lie group must be contained inX+E for someX∈L(G)\E, where E is a subspace of codimension one containing the commutator, and the homomorphism from the attainable semigroup intoR ⁺ extends continuously to the whole group in the case of solvable Lie groups. This work is done under the support of TGRC-KOSEF.     

Uniform approximation: The non-locally convex case

IfS is a compact Hausdorff space of finite covering dimension and (E, τ) is a real or complex topological vector space (not necessarily locally convex), we prove a Weierstrass-Stone theorem for subsets ofC(S;E), the space of all continuous functions fromS intoE, equipped with the topology of uniform convergence overS.     

Dentability and extreme points in Banach spaces

It is shown that a Banach space E has the Radon-Nikodym property (equivalently, every bounded subset of E is dentable) if and only if every bounded closed convex subset of E is the closed convex hull of its strongly exposed points. Using recent work of Namioka, some analogous results are obtained concerning weak¹ strongly exposed points of weak¹ compact convex subsets of certain dual Banach spaces.     

Normed algebras of differentiable functions on compact plane sets

We investigate the completeness and completions of the normed algebras (D ⁽¹⁾(X), ‖ · ‖) for perfect, compact plane sets X. In particular, we construct a radially self-absorbing, compact plane set X such that the normed algebra (D ⁽¹⁾(X), ‖ · ‖) is not complete. This solves a question of Bland and Feinstein. We also prove that there are several classes of connected, compact plane sets X for which the completeness of (D ⁽¹⁾(X), ‖ · ‖) is equivalent to the pointwise regularity of X. For example, this is true for all rectifiably connected, polynomially convex, compact plane sets with empty interior, for all star-shaped, compact plane sets, and for all Jordan arcs in ℂ.     

Tiling convex sets by translates

LetK be a compact, convex subset ofE ^dwhich can be tiled by a finite number of disjoint (on interiors) translates of some compact setY. Then we may writeK=X+Y, whereX is finite. The possible structures forK, X andY are completely determined under these conditions.     

Sufficient conditions for existence of extrema in linear programming

It is shown that, on a closed convex subset X of a real Hausdorff locally convex space E, a continuous linear functional x′ on E has an extremum at an extreme point of X, provided X contains no line and X ∩ (x′)^?1 (λ₀) is non-empty and weakly compact for some real λ₀. It is also shown that any weakly locally compact closed convex subset of E that contains no line is the sum of its asymptotic cone and the closed convex hull of its extreme points.     

Analytic and polyhedral approximation of convex bodies in separable polyhedral Banach spaces

A closed, convex and bounded setP in a Banach spaceE is called a polytope if every finite-dimensional section ofP is a polytope. A Banach spaceE is called polyhedral ifE has an equivalent norm such that its unit ball is a polytope. We prove here:

On unitary representability of topological groups

We prove that the additive group (E*, τ _k (E)) of an -Banach space E, with the topology τ _k (E) of uniform convergence on compact subsets of E, is topologically isomorphic to a subgroup of the unitary group of some Hilbert space (is unitarily representable). This is the same as proving that the topological group (E*, τ _k (E)) is uniformly homeomorphic to a subset of for some κ. As an immediate consequence, preduals of commutative von Neumann algebras or duals of commutative C*-algebras are unitarily representable in the topology of uniform convergence on compact subsets. The unitary representability of free locally convex spaces (and thus of free Abelian topological groups) on compact spaces, follows as well. The above facts cannot be extended to noncommutative von Neumann algebras or general Schwartz spaces. Research partially supported by Spanish Ministry of Science, grant MTM2008-04599/MTM. The foundations of this paper were laid during the author’s stay at the University of Ottawa supported by a Generalitat Valenciana grant CTESPP/2004/086.     

Homomorphisms onC ∞ (E) andC ∞-bounding sets

We prove, for the class of real locally convex spacesE that are continuously and linearly injectable into somec ₀(), that every non-zero homomorphism on the algebraC (E) ofC -functions onE is given by a point evaluation at some point ofE. Furthermore, if every real-valuedC -function on the weak topology of a quasi-complete locally convex spaceE is bounded on a subsetA ofE, thenA is relatively weakly compact.