关于“轴对称圆环壳的一般解”一文的讨论

关于1980年第3期《轴对称圆环壳的一般解》一文中齐次解的衰减指数λ,想指出一点:λ有无穷多个根,其一般形式是λ=±[(β+iγ)+mi),m=0,±1,±2……在文中(2.3)式里C_n有非零解的充分必要条件是其无穷阶的系数行列式Δ(λ)=0.     

奇异摄动边值问题的渐近展开

本文研究了奇异摄动边值问题:εy"=f(t,y,ε),y(0)=ξ(ε),y(1)=η(ε),其中ε是一个正小参数.在条件f_y(0,y,0)≥m₀(>0),f_y(1,y,0)≥m₀和f_y(t,y,ε)≥0之下.我们证明了解的存在唯一性,并给出了解的一致有效渐近展开式,从而改进了已有的结果.     

关于图的(g,f)-因子分解

设G是一个图,g和f是定义在图G的顶点集V(G)上的两个非负整数值函数且g＜f.图G的一个(g,f)-因子是G的一个支撑子图F,使对所有的x∈V(G)有g(x)≤d_F(x)≤f(x).若G本身是一个(g,f)-因子,则称G是一个(g,f)-图.若G的边能分解成一些边不交的(g,f)-因子,则称G是(g,f)-因子可分解的.本文给出图G是(g,f)-因子可分解的一个充分条件.     

非奇异阵特征极值和条件数的近似计算

本文从共轭梯度法的公式推导出对称正定阵A与三对角阵B的相似关系,B的元素由共轭梯度法的迭代参数确定.因此,对称正定阵的条件数计算可以化成三对角阵条件数的计算,并且可以在共轭梯度法的计算中顺带完成.它只需增加O(s)次的计算量,s为迭代次数.这与共轭梯度法的计算量相比是可以忽略的.当A为非对称正定阵时,只要A非奇异,即可用共轭梯度法计算ATA的特征极值和条件数,从而得出A的条件数.对不同算例的计算表明,这是一种快速有效的简便方法.     

局部Lipschitz方程解的叠代逼近

设X=L_p或l_p(p≥2),T:D(T)→X是局部Lipschitz和严格增殖算子.本文给出非线性方程T_x=y的解的叠代逼近并讨论了局部Lipschitz和严格伪收缩映射不动点的叠代逼近.     

连接两个具有一维不稳定流形的双曲鞍点异宿环的稳定性

本文研究任意有限维空间中连接两个具有一维不稳定流形的双曲鞍点异宿环的稳定性.借助适当的线性变换和坐标变换,将局部稳定流形和不稳定流形拉直,利用奇异流映射和正则流映射构造了Poincaré映射.通过技巧性地估计向量的模,给出了在横截面上Poincaré映射的初始点与首次回归点离异宿轨道与横截面交点的距离之比,得到了高维空间中连接两个带有一维不稳定流形的异宿环的非常简洁的稳定性判据.     

Lozi映射的奇怪吸引子和吸引域的结构

本文证明了在［１］中给出的参数区域内，对应的Ｌｏｚｉ映射的奇怪吸引子Λ是横截及弱横截同宿点的闭包，并且Λ上任意两个双曲周期点形成横截及弱横截环；奇怪吸引子的吸引域的闭包就是双曲不动点Ｘ的稳定流形的闭包；进一步，吸引域恰好是ωｓ（Ｘ）及那些边界包含在ωｓ（Ｘ）及ωｕ（Ｘ）中区域的并，从而我们证明了对于Ｌｏｚｉ映射，Ｍ．Ｂｅｎｅｄｉｃｋｓ和Ｌ．Ｃａｒｌｅｓｏｎ等的有关奇怪吸引子的吸引域的结构的猜测．     

推广的KdV方程特征问题解的存在唯一性

推广的KdV方程u_t+αuu_x+μu_x3+εu_x5=0[1]是典型的可积方程.它先后在研究冷等离子体中磁声波的传播[2],传输线中孤立波[3]和分层流体中界面孤立波[4]时导出.本文对推广的KdV方程的特征问题,在Riemann函数的基础上,设计一恰当结构,并由此化待征问题为一与之等价的积分微分方程.而该积分微分方程对应的映射E是列自身的映射[5],依不动点原理,积分微分方程有唯一的正则解,即推广的KdV方程的特征问题有唯一解,且由积分微分方程序列所得的迭代解于Ω上一致收敛.     

广义Pochhammer-Chree方程的显式精确孤波解

首先对广义Pochhammer-Chre方程(PC方程)u_tt-u_ttxx+ru_xxt-(a₁u+a₂u2+a₃u3)_xx=0(r≠0)(Ⅰ)的孤波解u(ξ)建立了公式∫_-∞+∞[u'(ξ)]2dξ=1/12rv(C₊-C_-)3[3a₃(C₊+C_-)+2a₂]。由此推知:广义PC方程(Ⅰ)不可能有钟状孤波解,只可能有扭状孤波解;而广义PC方程u_tt-u_ttxx-(a₁u+a₂u2+a₃u3)_xx=0(Ⅱ)可能既有钟状孤波解又有渐近值满足3a₃(C₊+C_-)+2a₂=0的扭状孤波解。进一步求出了广义PC方程(Ⅰ)的扭状孤波解,求出了广义PC方程(Ⅱ)的钟状孤波解和渐近值满足2a₃(C₊+C_-)+2a₂=0的扭状孤波解。最后给出了广义PC方程u_tt-u_ttxx-(a₁u+a₃u3+a₅u5)_xx=0(Ⅲ)的显式孤波解。     

吸引子的逼近

本文考虑耦合振子系统及对其按时间离散化(时间长为h)得到的离散动力系统.证明在一定条件下,这两个系统都有一维整体吸引子l和l_h.进一步证明当时间步长h→0时,l_h→l.     

Rotation intervals for chaotic sets

Chaotic invariant sets for planar maps typically contain periodic orbits whose stable and unstable manifolds cross in grid-like fashion. Consider the rotation of orbits around a central fixed point. The intersections of the invariant manifolds of two periodic points with distinct rotation numbers can imply complicated rotational behavior. We show, in particular, that when the unstable manifold of one of these periodic points crosses the stable manifold of the other, and, similarly, the unstable manifold of the second crosses the stable manifold of the first, so that the segments of these invariant manifolds form a topological rectangle, then all rotation numbers between those of the two given orbits are represented. The result follows from a horseshoe-like construction.

     

The evolution of invariant manifolds in Hamiltonian-Hopf bifurcations

We consider the evolution of the stable and unstable manifolds of an equilibrium point of a Hamiltonian system of two degrees of freedom which depends on a parameter, ν. The eigenvalues of the linearized system are complex for ν<0 and pure imaginary for ν>0. Thus, for ν<0 the equilibrium has a two-dimensional stable manifold and a two-dimensional unstable manifold, but for ν>0 these stable and unstable manifolds are gone. If the sign of a certain term in the normal form is positive then for small negative ν the stable and unstable manifolds of the system are either identical or must have transverse intersection. Thus, either the system is totally degenerate or the system admits a suspended Smale horseshoe as an invariant set.     

Halpern- and Mann-Type Algorithms for Fixed Points and Inclusion Problems on Hadamard Manifolds

In this article, we consider an inclusion problem which is defined by means of a sum of a single-valued vector field and a set-valued vector field defined on a Hadamard manifold. We propose Halpern-type and Mann-type algorithms for finding a common point of the set of fixed points of a nonexpansive mapping and the set of solutions of the inclusion problem defined on a Hadamard manifold. Some particular cases of our problem and algorithm are also discussed. We study the convergence of the proposed algorithm to a common point of the set of fixed points of a nonexpansive mapping and the set of solutions of the inclusion problem defined on a Hadamard manifold. As applications of our results and algorithms, we derive the solution methods and their convergence results for the optimization problems, variational inequality problems and equilibrium problems in the setting of Hadamard manifolds.     

CONVERGENCE TO TRAP ALMOST EVERYWHERE FOR FLOWS GENERATED BY COOPERATIVE AND IRREDUCIBLE VECTOR FIELDS

This paper is concerned with the asymptotic behavior of cooperative systems in $W\subset R^n$. For a $C^2$ cooperative system whose Jacobian matrices are irreducible, it is proved that the forward orbit converges to an equilibrium for almost every point having compact forward orbit closure and the set of all points which have compact forward orbit closures and do not converge to a semi-asymptotically stable equilibrium is meager in W if the equilibrium set cannot contain a simply ordered curve. The invariant function and the geometry of the stable manifold of an unstable equilibrium are considered.     

A new proof of the stable manifold theorem

We give a new proof of the stable manifold theorem for hyperbolic fixed points of smooth maps. This proof shows that the local stable and unstable manifolds are projections of a relation obtained as a limit of the graphs of the iterates of the map. The same proof generalizes to the setting of stable and unstable manifolds for smooth relations.     

Anosov actions of nilpotent Lie groups

We study Anosov actions of nilpotent Lie groups on closed manifolds. Our main result is a generalization to the nilpotent case of a classical theorem by J.F. Plante in the 70's. More precisely, we prove that, for what we call a good Anosov action of a nilpotent Lie group on a closed manifold, if the non-wandering set is the entire manifold, then the closure of stable strong leaves coincide with the closure of the strong unstable leaves. This implies the existence of an equivariant fibration of the manifold onto a homogeneous space of the Lie group, having as fibers the closures of the leaves of the strong foliation.     

Center manifolds of dynamical systems under discretization

We consider an autonomous dynamical system discretized by a one-step method. The point z = 0 is assumed to be fixed under the continuous and the discrete flows. We allow z = 0 to be non-hyperbolic. The continuous system has a center-unstable manifold and we show the existence of approximating invariant manifolds for the discretizations. The manifolds for the continuous and the discrete systems share the property of being locally attracting at an exponential rate; the dynamics inside the manifolds can differ qualitatively, however, for all step-sizes h.     

Transverse intersections between invariant manifolds of doubly hyperbolic invariant tori, via the Poincaré-Mel’nikov method

We consider a perturbation of an integrable Hamiltonian system having an equilibrium point of elliptic-hyperbolic type, having a homoclinic orbit. More precisely, we consider an (n + 2)-degree-of-freedom near integrable Hamiltonian with n centers and 2 saddles, and assume that the homoclinic orbit is preserved under the perturbation. On the center manifold near the equilibrium, there is a Cantorian family of hyperbolic KAM tori, and we study the homoclinic intersections between the stable and unstable manifolds associated to such tori. We establish that, in general, the manifolds intersect along transverse homoclinic orbits. In a more concrete model, such homoclinic orbits can be detected, in a first approximation, from nondegenerate critical points of a Mel’nikov potential. We provide bounds for the number of transverse homoclinic orbits using that, in general, the potential will be a Morse function (which gives a lower bound) and can be approximated by a trigonometric polynomial (which gives an upper bound).     

Generalized Browder-type fixed point theorem with strongly geodesic convexity on Hadamard manifolds with applications

In this paper, a generalized Browder-type fixed point theorem on Hadamard manifolds is introduced, which can be regarded as a generalization of the Browder-type fixed point theorem for the set-valued mapping on an Euclidean space to a Hadamard manifold. As applications, a maximal element theorem, a section theorem, a Ky Fan-type Minimax Inequality and an existence theorem of Nash equilibrium for non-cooperative games on Hadamard manifolds are established.