Investigation of mechanism of free electron laser through spontaneous radiation spectrum

In this paper, the mechanism of free electron laser with a guide magnetic field is investigated by analyzing spontaneous radiation spectrum of electrons. The physical relation between spontaneous radiation and stimulated radiation in FEL with a guide magnetic field is studied. It is found that this relation in FEL is similar to that in quantum lasers. The spontaneous radiation spectrum is discrete. The frequency of stimulated radiation in FEL is oneselected and amplified in the radiation spectrum.     

Bistability of self-modulation of the GaAs intrinsic stimulated picosecond radiation spectrum

The bistability of self-modulation of the spectrum of the stimulated picosecond radiation that appears during picosecond optical pumping of GaAs is detected. The radiation is measured before it reaches the end faces of a sample. One set of equidistant modes occurs in the radiation spectrum at the radiation pulse front. A set of modes located at the center between the initial modes replaces the first set in the descending radiation branch. The intermode interval inside each set coincides with the calculated interval between the eigenmodes of the GaAs layer, which is an active cavity. The radiation rise time turns out to be an oscillating function of the photon energy. The spectrum evolution is self-consistent so that the time-integrated spectrum and the spectrum-integrated radiation pulse envelope have a smooth (without local singularities) shape. The revealed bistability explains the physical nature of the two radiation-induced states of population depletion between which subterahertz self-oscillations in the radiation field were detected earlier. The radiation spectrum self-modulation is assumed to be a variant of stimulated Raman scattering.     

Application of radiation modes to the problem of low-frequency noise from a highway bridge

Low-frequency noise radiated from highway bridges is a serious environmental problem in Japan. Although the suppression of bridge vibration as usually done in practice can alleviate the radiation, it may not be optimal because the behavior of radiation is not taken into consideration. Concept of radiation modes, which can represent both vibration and radiation behavior, is adapted to a highway bridge. The objectives of this paper are to study the benefits of using radiation modes in (1) identification of low-frequency noise characteristics and (2) active control of low-frequency noise radiation. Numerical study shows that the radiation modes enable radiation characteristics of low-frequency noise to be physically understood and the active controller designed by radiation modes is superior to the controller designed without considering radiation behavior. Because the concept of radiation modes can reveal the mechanics of radiation/vibration, it is appropriate to the problem of low-frequency noise radiated from highway bridges.     

北京谱仪BES辐射本底水平的测定

北京谱仪BES辐射本底水平是由大厅内的辐射水平决定的.降低厅内的辐射水平是减少BES的辐射本底和提高BES探测效率和“信噪比”的重要途径.文中着重研究了谱仪厅内辐射本底的强度,来源及特点,并探讨了减少辐射的方法.     

Enhancement of efficiency of storage and processing of food raw materials using radiation technologies

The work is dedicated to improvement of efficiency of storage and processing of food raw materials using radiation technologies. International practice of radiation processing of food raw materials is presented and an increase in the consumption of irradiated food products is shown. The prospects of using radiation technologies for the processing of food products in Russia are discussed. The results of studies of radiation effects on various food products and packaging film by γ radiation and accelerated electrons are presented.     

光纤陀螺受辐照影响机理分析

构成光纤陀螺敏感器件的保偏光纤环在辐射环境中损耗会增加,陀螺的精度随之降低,从而限制了光纤陀螺在空间中的应用。采用60Co作为辐射源模拟空间辐射环境,对光纤陀螺及其光电器件进行了大量的试验,并对光纤陀螺及其光电器件受空间辐射影响的机理进行了研究,得出光纤陀螺光电器件中保偏光纤环受辐射影响最严重,从而重点分析了光纤陀螺敏感器件保偏光纤环的辐射影响机理,从原理上探讨了保偏光纤环在辐射条件下损耗的增加对光纤陀螺的影响,为光纤陀螺抗辐射加固技术提供了理论基础。     

Application of transition radiation in a small dihedral angle to detection of relativistic particles

The features of transition radiation excited by a relativistic particle in a dihedral angle with an opening comparable to the angular divergence of transition radiation are considered. It is shown that the radiation distribution in the dihedral angle is more sensitive to the direction of emitting particle motion and to the position of the surface intersection by the particle, than the radiation excited when a plane surface is intersected. It is indicated that the spectral radiation density in the small dihedral angle is higher than the density of radiation excited when a plane surface is intersected. These features offer additional opportunities to use transition radiation in systems for measuring particle parameters.     

质子辐照空间级硅橡胶的正电子淹没寿命谱研究

 用正电子淹没寿命谱方法（PALS）研究了质子辐照对空间级硅橡胶KH-L-Y微观结构的影响。试验结果表明，PALS谱所揭示的最长寿命成分的t₃, I₃及自由体积分数Vf随辐照剂量的增加开始明显下降；而当辐照剂量大于10¹⁵cm^-2后，随剂量的增加平缓上升。辐照剂量小于10¹⁵cm^-2时，质子辐照使硅橡胶自由体积减小，分子链间堆砌紧密；辐照剂量大于10¹⁵cm^-2时，质子辐照使硅橡胶自由体积增大。交联密度及DMA测试结果同样表明，质子辐照在剂量较小时硅橡胶的交联密度及玻璃化转变温度增加，辐照以交联效应为主；而剂量较大时辐照降解占优势。     

双丝耦合强度对Z箍缩电磁辐射的影响

利用X射线二极管、光电倍增管和B-dot探针测量了峰值220 kA,0~100%上升时间100 ns的脉冲电流驱动平行双丝产生的电磁辐射。实验结果表明,不同波段的电磁辐射具有不同的辐射机制,热辐射是产生X射线的主要机制,可见光辐射来自热辐射和特征线辐射,微波辐射由非热电磁辐射机制产生。调节丝间距可改变双丝的耦合强度,当丝间距大于临界值时双丝解耦合,电磁辐射不依赖于丝间距;当丝间隙减小至低于临界值时,双丝耦合增强。增大双丝耦合强度不利于热辐射(X射线和可见光),而有利于非热电磁辐射(微波)。对于单丝电流约100 kA、上升时间100 ns的驱动条件,双丝解耦合的临界间距约为10 mm,双丝耦合强度对Z箍缩在不同频段的电磁辐射有影响。丝阵由多根金属丝组成,其最小的相互作用单元可分解为双丝相互作用。     

X-ray transition radiation of electrons with energy of 300 to 900 MeV in periodic multifoil radiators

Results of experiments conducted at the Tomsk synchrotron to study resonant X-ray transition radiation generated by relativistic electrons in periodic multifoil radiators are reviewed. Both the internal synchrotron beam and the external secondary electron beam from the pair magnetic γ-spectrometer with energies ranging from 300 to 900 MeV were used in the experiments. The radiators consisted of many thin amorphous foils of various materials. The generation of X-ray radiation in a compound radiator consisting of a multifoil radiator and a crystal is also studied. In this case, the resonant X-ray transition radiation generated in the multifoil radiator is diffracted in the crystal and emitted at Bragg angles, together with the parametric X-ray radiation generated in the crystal. Spectral and angular properties of the resonant X-ray transition radiation and diffracted resonant X-ray transition radiation are investigated. The ratio between the contributions from the diffracted resonant X-ray transition radiation and other types of radiation to the total coherent X-ray radiation flux generated by electrons in periodic structures and crystals is estimated.     

复杂结构声辐射模态的计算

结构辐射阻矩阵的特征向量就是其声辐射模态,复杂结构的辐射阻矩阵获取困难阻碍了声辐射模态理论的进一步应用。为此提出一种基于等效源方法的复杂结构辐射阻矩阵计算方法,由此形成了一套完整的计算复杂结构声辐射模态方法。最后通过仿真算例对影响结构辐射阻矩阵计算精度的因素进行了分析,给出了复杂结构辐射阻矩阵构造的一般原则。理论推导和数值仿真算例表明所提出的复杂结构声辐射模态计算方法是有效的。该方法简化了复杂结构声辐射模态的计算,计算效率较高。     

Features of transition and Cherenkov radiations and the correlation between them

It is shown that transition radiation arising at the boundary of two media is being emitted as a Cherenkov one, if the phase velocity of transition radiation waves in the medium of transition radiation propagation becomes equal to the velocity of the moving radiating particle (the necessary condition for the Cherenkov radiation). The proof of this statement is based on the analysis of the transition radiation formation zone, which may become large enough and provide interference between the field of transition radiation and the own Coulomb field of the moving particle, in case when the Cherenkov radiation condition is fulfilled. As a result, the transition radiation field transforms into the Cherenkov field. The problem is considered for cases of both a waveguide and free space.     

不同辐射建模下球腔的整体数值模拟

不同辐射建模对于腔内辐射场描述的精确程度不同,需要分析不同建模对腔内辐射温度的影响。开展了三温建模与辐射多群输运建模下LARED集成程序数值模拟两孔球型黑腔模型,实现了球腔的完整数值模拟。数值模拟结果表明,三温与辐射多群输运模拟的等离子体状态接近,辐射温度存在差异。物理分析显示辐射温度差异的主要原因是使用的辐射不透明度,修改辐射不透明度参数后的三温计算结果与输运计算符合更好,从而可以用三温建模更快更准确地估计出所需的激光能量和功率。     

基于图像的飞行器红外辐射特性测量

通过将目标在一定波段内的红外辐射等效为红外成像系统前一定距离下黑体在对应波段内的红外辐射,建立了等效辐射方程。根据黑体辐射定标实验数据,利用非线性回归方法确定了在不同的积分时间条件下红外凝视成像系统输出红外图像的灰度值与在一定距离下的黑体温度之间的定量关系,建立了辐射定标方程。在Visual C++6.0平台下,在对红外目标图像进行SUSAN滤波等预处理后,分析了已知目标距离的红外图像的灰度均值。首先根据辐射定标方程计算出目标等效为黑体的温度,然后利用等效辐射方程反推目标的红外辐射强度,以达到根据跟踪的红外图像确定红外目标辐射特性的目的。此项研究不仅可以为目标识别提供目标分类、识别和辨认所必需的光谱数据库,而且还可以为红外预警提供重要的参考数据。     

Origin of Radiation Reaction

The emission of radiation from an accelerated charge is analyzed. It is foundthat at zero velocity, the radiation emitted from the charge imparts no countermomentum to the emitting charge, and no radiation reaction force is created bythe radiation. A reaction force is created by the stress force that exists in thecurved electric field of the charge, and the work done in overcoming this forceis the source of the energy carried by the radiation.     

CH薄膜非平衡辐射烧蚀的特性

 用一维多群辐射输运流体力学RDMG程序数值模拟研究了在神光-II黑腔辐射源条件下，非平衡辐射烧蚀CH薄膜的过程，给出了与平衡辐射烧蚀不同的烧蚀图像，得到了非平衡辐射烧蚀相关的数值定律。     

带电粒子与超晶格相互作用及其超高能粒子识别

讨论了非沟道粒子与晶体的相互作用及其渡越辐射, 并将渡越辐射同沟道辐射进行了比较, 结果表明, 渡越辐射对沟道辐射的贡献主要是在长波区域使沟道辐射的本底增强; 由于超晶格是由两种不同介电性能的材料交替生长而成的多层薄膜结构, 它的渡越辐射比较强. 正是这个特点, 可望利用超晶格的渡越辐射来识别超高能粒子.     

辐射换热对冷冻靶温度影响的数值分析

为了研究辐射换热对惯性约束聚变间接驱动靶系统的温度场影响,建立了带有辐射屏蔽罩的冷冻靶系统数值计算模型,利用FLUENT软件的离散坐标辐射模型分析了系统的辐射换热,并对影响辐射换热的相关结构和参数进行了模拟优化。结果表明:采用双层屏蔽罩、减小屏蔽罩的发射率、增大屏蔽罩的散射分数和金腔的吸收率、增设暴风窗,均可有效减小靶丸与外界的辐射换热,从而改善靶丸表面的温度均匀性。     

弯曲振动阶梯圆盘辐射阻抗的计算方法

辐射阻抗是描述声学振动系统声转换效率的一个重要物理量.具有强功率的阶梯圆盘辐射器在流体介质,尤其是在空气中有着重要的应用.但对阶梯圆盘的辐射阻抗而言,运用传统理论计算时,由于辐射面不在同一几何面,积分上下限很难选取而无法计算.本文从辐射声功率角度,基于叠加原理,提出了利用叠加法计算阶梯盘的辐射阻抗.作为算例,文中计算了带有一个阶梯的阶梯盘的辐射阻抗. 关键词： 阶梯圆盘 辐射功率 辐射阻抗 叠加原理     

压缩产生等离子体强光源辐射功率计算方法

强光辐射技术是一项技术复杂、特点突出的高新尖端技术,在红外对抗中有着重要的应用。在爆炸激励等离子体产生强光辐射时,发光工质材料及其初始参数的选择成为一项关键技术,他们对辐射功率有着重要的影响。介绍了爆炸激励等离子体产生强光辐射功率的计算方法,用这种计算方法对各种发光工质的辐射功率进行计算,选择出了一种合适的发光工质的材料。分析了在产生强光辐射过程中发光工质的材料、初始参数对辐射功率的影响。推导出辐射功率与这些参数的函数关系,绘制了相应的关系曲线,通过特性曲线分析选择出适宜的初始参数。