Percolation—related magnetic coupling and magnetoresistance properties in Fe／Si1—xAgx multilayers

In this paper, we present a study of the magnetic coupling and magnetoresistance (MR) properties in Fe/Si_1-xAg_x multilayers with a granular Si_1-xAg_x spacer layer. We have found that, with increasing silver content (x) in a silicon matrix, the magnetic state of multilayers changes from a nonmagnetic coupling state to weak antiferromagnetic around the percolation point of the ～2.4 nm thick spacer Si_1-xAg_x. The MR measurements also reveal an abrupt increase of MR near the same percolation point. These changes are ascribed to the formation of the percolation path in the granular spacer.     

溶剂热合成法制备的Zn1-xMnxO和Zn1-2xMnxLixO纳米材料的磁学性质

用溶剂热合成法在160oC制备出Zn_1-xMn_xO纳米棒和Zn_1-2xMn_xLi_xO纳米颗粒. XRD和拉曼测试结果表明Mn离子已很好地掺入ZnO母体中. M-H图中未观察到磁回滞,ESR谱中的精细结构说明掺杂的Mn离子间没有铁磁相互作用. 共掺Li仅仅改变了产物的形貌,并不能改变其磁学性质.     

Co1-xMnx合金电子结构和磁性的理论研究

Co_1-xMn_x合金的磁性强烈地依赖于其结构以及Mn的相对含量.从第一性原理出发,用线性缀加平面波(LAPW)方法,分别计算了x=0.00,0.25,0.50,0.75,1.00的情况下,面心立方(fcc)和体心立方(bcc)结构的Co_1-xMn_x合金的电子结构和基态磁性.随x的增大,fcc结构的Co_1-xMn_x合金的磁性从铁磁性和亚铁磁性变为反铁磁性;bcc结构Co相似文献   

Ce2-xDyxFe17合金的磁熵研究

研究了Ce_2-xDy_xFe₁₇(x=0.0,0.3,0.5,1.0)系列合金在77—298K温区范围磁熵变,发现Ce_2-xDy_xFe₁₇系列合金有较大的磁熵变,居里温度可通过离子替代而改变,是一种可供选择的室温磁致冷材料.     

用于电压基准的Nb/NbxSi1-x/Nb约瑟夫森单结的研制

现代可编程约瑟夫森电压基准的核心器件是约瑟夫森结阵.目前最具有优势的约瑟夫森结阵是 Nb/Nb_xSi_1-x/Nb材料的结阵. Nb/Nb_xSi_1-x/Nb材料的约瑟夫森结 具有三层薄膜的制作过程简便, Nb和Nb_xSi_1-x刻蚀工艺相同以及Nb_xSi_1-x 势垒层成分可调等优点.中国计量科学研究院设计制作了Nb/Nb_xSi_1-x/Nb约瑟夫森单结. 通过在4.2 K低温下对所做单结进行直流电流-电压特性测量,观测到了清晰的超导隧穿电流和 从零电压态向电压态的跳变,最后就测量结果进行了分析讨论.此项工作属于国内首个开展 Nb/Nb_xSi_1-x/Nb材料约瑟夫森单结研究的工作.     

纳米结构碲化铋合金的制备及电热输运特性

采用惰性气体保护蒸发-冷凝法制备了纳米Bi及Te粉末, 结合机械合金化和放电等离子烧结技术, 在不同烧结温度下制备出了单一物相且具有纳米层状结构及孪晶亚结构的n型Bi₂Te₃块体材料, 并系统研究了块体材料的晶粒尺度、微结构及其对电热传输特性的影响. SEM, TEM分析结果表明, 以纳米粉末为原料, 通过有效控制工艺条件, 可以制备出具有纳米层状结构Bi₂Te₃合金块体材料, 同时纳米层状结构中存在孪晶亚结构; 热电性能测试结果表明, 具有纳米层状结构及孪晶亚结构的块体试样与粗晶材料相比, 热导率大幅度降低, 在423 K附近, 热导率由粗晶材料的1.80 W/mK降至1.19 W/mK, 晶格热导率从1.16 W/mK降至0.61 W/mK, 表明纳米层状结构与孪晶亚结构共存, 有利于进一步提高声子散射, 降低晶格热导率. 其中在693 K放电等离子烧结后的试样于423K附近取得最大值的无量纲热电优值(ZT), 达到0.74.     

LiFexMn1-xPO4固溶体的密度泛函理论与电化学研究

本文用DFT计算方法研究了LiFe_xMn_1-xPO₄的热力学稳定性和嵌/脱锂电位. 结果表明,LiFe_xMn_1-xPO₄固溶体的自由能比相分离的LiFePO₄/LiMnPO₄混合物略高,这两种形式可能在实际LiFe_xMn_1-xPO₄材料中共存. 计算表明,LiFe_xMn_1-xPO₄固溶体的嵌/脱锂电位随锰/铁比以及过渡金属离子的空间排列而变化,并用计算结果解释了放电曲线的形状. 采用固相反应法合成了LiFe_xMn_1-xPO₄材料并研究了其电化学性质,实验中观察到附加的放电平台,其出现可能与LiFe_xMn_1-xPO₄固溶体的存在有关.     

BiFe1-xNbxO3的结构、磁性和光学性质

用溶胶凝胶法制备了Nb掺杂多铁BiFe_1-xNb_xO₃粉晶样品（0 <x <0.05）,研究Nb掺杂对样品的结构、磁学和光学性质的影响。根据XRD图谱和Rietveld精修的结果可知,所有的样品仍保持R3c相,但晶格常数a,c,晶胞体积V和Fe-O-Fe键角发生变化。适当的Nb掺杂使得样品晶粒尺寸减小,导致剩余磁化强度的增强,使得BiFe_1-xNb_xO₃样品的禁带窄化.     

The optical properties of MgxZnl-xO thin films

Mg_xZn_1-xO thin films have been prepared on silicon substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering at 60℃. The thin films have hexagonal wurtzite single-phase structure and a preferred orientation with the c-axis perpendicular to the substrates. The refractive indices of Mg_xZn_1-xO films are studied at room temperature by spectroscopic ellipsometry over the wavelength range of 400--760\,nm at the incident angle of 70℃. Both absorption coefficients and optical band gaps of Mg_xZn_1-xO films are determined by the transmittance spectra. While Mg content is increasing, the absorption edges of Mg_xZn_1-xO films shift to higher energies and band gaps linearly increase from 3.24.eV at x=0 to 3.90\,eV at x=0.30. These results provide important information for the design and modelling of ZnO/ Mg_xZn_1-xO heterostructure optoelectronic devices.     

CALCULATION OF THE HEAT OF FORMATION OF TERNARY COMPOUNDS: P-Ga-As, N-Ga-As, N-Ga-P

Miedema method, which was proposed to calculate the heat of formation of binary alloy system, is extended for calculating the heat of formation of ternary system by using the Toop's model. The hypothetical metallic allotropes correspounding to the properties of nonmetallic elements are introduced. In our calculation, the structure-dependent energy contributions have not been taken into account. The heat of formation of GaAs_1-x P_x, GaAs_1-xN_x, and GaP_1-xN_x are obtained by projecting the heat of formation of ternary systems, P-Ga-As, N-Ga-As, and N-Ga-P onto the plane of the concentration of Ga, c₂ = 0.5, respectively. The possibility of existence of ordered ternary compound was predicted. The dependence of direct band gap, E^Γ, or indirect one, E^X, for GaP_1-xN_x and GaAs_1-xN_x, on x, the concentration of N, is obtained by using the dielectric theory of electronegativity.     

In situ Mössbauer studies of vapor quenched Ag/Fe and Au/Fe films

Metastable alloys of Ag_1-xFe_x (x=0.17, 0.30, 0.50, 0.54, 0.56 and 1.0) and the stable Au_1-yFe_y (y=0.18 and 0.25) alloy were prepared as thin films by vapor quenching method on low temperature kapton substrate. The X-ray diffraction spectra of all Ag/Fe samples. withx<-0.56, have indication of fee structure with very small grain size. The present work reports in-situ Mössbauer results on Ag/Fe and Au/Fe films. The spectra obtained are characteristic of homogeneous disordered alloy with broad magnetic hyperfine field distribution. Aging effect inducing cluster formation was observed in Ag/Fe films after they were heated to room temperature, but this behavior was not detected in Au/Fe samples.     

The electrical transport behavior of Zn-treated Zn1-xMnxO bulks

Zn1-xMnxO bulks have been prepared by the solid state reaction method. Zn vapor treatment has been carried out to adjust the carrier concentration. For the Zn treated Zn1-xMnxO bulks, analysis of the temperature dependence of resistance and the field dependence of magnetoresistance demonstrates that the bound magnetic polarons (BMPs) play an important role in the electrical transport behavior. The hopping of BMPs dominates the electrical conduction behavior when temperature is below 170 K. At low temperature,paramagnetic Zn1-xMnxO bulks show a large magnetoresistance effect,which indicates that the large magnetoresistance effect in transition-metal doped ZnO dilute magnetic semiconductors is independent of their magnetic states.     

Au1-xNix合金(x=0.30-0.42)低温电阻率极小值的机理探讨

为了解释Au_1-xNi_x合金(x=0.30—0.42)低温出现电阻率极小值的实验结果,本文提出一个低浓度自旋集团顺磁态合金的模型,得到自旋集团孤立近似下和自旋集团耦合作用下的电阻率公式,并和晶格散射的贡献(由Au₈₀Ni₂₀合金或Au-Cu合金的ρ_i(T)实验数据代替)联合起来,得到ρ(T)的计算曲线,和实验结果符合得很好。当Tmin,电阻率随温度增高而下降,主要是自旋集团孤立近似下的Kondo效应引起的。自旋集团之间的RKKY耦合作用对电阻率的贡献在低温时大,随着温度增高按1/T规律迅速减小,所以ρ(T)-ρ_i(T)实验值在相当宽温度范围出现logT关系。随着温度增高,晶格散射对电阻率的贡献将变得重要,当T=T_min,电阻率出现极小值。 关键词：     

AgxCu50-xZr50非晶态合金及其晶化

采用高频熔炼后的真空单辊急冷技术制备了Ag_xCu_50-xZr₅₀金属玻璃,发现在x<12的范围内都可得到完全的非晶态。测量了x=2,4,6和10的Ag_xCu_50-xZr₅₀金属玻璃的玻璃转变温度和晶化温度,并采用Kissinger方法测定了晶化激活能E_a。发现在金属玻璃Ag_xCu_50-xZr_{50关键词：}     

Electronic structure of Ag x Au1-x

The fully relativistic version of the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker-Coherent Potential Approximation (KKR-CPA) method has been used to study the electronic structure of the alloy system Ag _x Au_1-x forx=0.20, 0.40, 0.60 and 0.80. The results of these calculations are discussed in terms of densities of states and Bloch spectral functions and are compared with experimental data.     

Effect of interfacial alloying on the surface plasmon resonance of nanocrystalline Au-Ag multilayer thin films

Nanocrystalline Au and Ag in multilayer thin film form with Au/Ag/Au structure were prepared by high pressure (∼40 Pa) d.c. sputtering techniques. The Ag concentrations in Ag_xAu_1-x films were changed from x = 0 to 1. These multilayer films with varying Ag concentration showed significant changes in microstructures obtained from TEM and XRD analyses. The optical absorption spectra of these multilayer films showed a single plasmon band confirming the formation of Au-Ag alloy. We ascribe this alloying to the interfacial reactions in nanophase limited at the Au-Ag interface. The red-shift and broadening of the plasmon bands with the increase in silver concentration could be associated to the increase in size of the nanoparticles and its distribution. The observed red shift in the plasmon band may be associated with the change in electronic structure at the Au-Ag interface due to configuration mixing of the atomic energy levels of Au and Ag. Received 17 October 2002 / Received in final form 26 February 2003 Published online 23 May 2003 RID="a" ID="a"e-mail: msakp@mahendra.iacs.res.in     

Thermodynamic properties of AuyAgx bimetallic clusters through the evolutive ensemble

The caloric and specific heat curves for the bimetallic nanoclusters Au_7-xAg_x (x=0,3,4,7) are obtained through a statistical determination of the configurational density of states in the evolutive ensemble obtained with a genetic algorithm. The effect of the value of x (the relative concentrations) on the thermodynamics is studied. Three peaks are observed in the specific heat curves for all values of x. This is interpreted as being due to melting, and fragmentation of the cluster into first two, and then into 3 or more parts. A fourth pre-melting peak is observed for Au₄Ag₃ and is attributed to a new phenomena related to the breaking of the degeneracy of the permutational isomers. The melting transition for the bimetallic clusters is significantly wider than that for the pure clusters. The boiling transition displays a larger specific heat for the bimetallic clusters.     

Growth,electronic and magnetic properties of doped ZnO epitaxial and nanocrystalline films

We have used oxygen plasma assisted metal organic chemical vapor deposition along with wet chemical synthesis and spin coating to prepare Co_xZn_1-xO and Mn_xZn_1-xO epitaxial and nanoparticle films. Co(II) and Mn(II) substitute for Zn(II) in the wurtzite lattice in materials synthesized by both methods. Room-temperature ferromagnetism in epitaxial Co:ZnO films can be reversibly activated by diffusing in Zn, which occupies interstitial sites and makes the material n-type. O-capped Co:ZnO nanoparticles, which are paramagnetic as grown, become ferromagnetic upon being spin coated in air at elevated temperature. Likewise, spin-coated N-capped Mn:ZnO nanoparticle films also exhibit room-temperature ferromagnetism. However, the inverse systems, N-capped Co:ZnO and O-capped Mn:ZnO, are entirely paramagnetic when spin coated into films in the same way. Analysis of optical absorption spectra reveals that the resonances Co(I)↔Co(II)+e^- _CB and Mn(III)↔Mn(II)+h⁺ _VB are energetically favorable, consistent with strong hybridization of Co (Mn) with the conduction (valence) band of ZnO. In contrast, the resonances Mn(I)↔Mn(II)+e^- _CB and Co(III)↔Co(II)+h⁺ _VB are not energetically favorable. These results strongly suggest that the observed ferromagnetism in Co:ZnO (Mn:ZnO) is mediated by electrons (holes). PACS 75.50.Pp     

Composition dependence on dispersion of Au/Cu bimetallic nanoparticles in nylon 11 thin films

Effect of composition on the dispersion of Au_xCu_1-x bimetallic nanoparticles into nylon 11 matrix has been investigated. TEM, EDX, and XPS depth profiling were used for characterizing the changes in the composition of the bimetallic particles and in the depth distribution of the particles in the nylon 11 layer caused by heat treatment in N₂ atmosphere. The island-like bimetallic particles were found to be formed on the nylon 11 surface before heat treatment. The results of XPS depth profiling revealed that, by the heat treatment, the Au_xCu_1-x bimetallic particles with x? 0.55 were not dispersed into the nylon 11 layer while those with x≥ 0.70 were homogeneously dispersed in the films, indicating the existence of critical composition for penetration of the bimetallic particles. By comparing the composition and structure of the bimetallic particles, the cause of these finding is discussed in terms of surface free energy of the particles. Received 29 November 2000