变截面圆形管道粘性流动的伽辽金-摄动杂交解

采用伽辽金-摄动杂交法来研究壁面是正弦形状的变截面圆形管道的粘性流动,从而避免了摄动小参数的局限性和单纯伽辽金法基函数选取的任意性的困难．讨论了边界和雷诺数对流动的影响,获得流动分离点和附着点的位置,还分析了壁面剪应力和摩擦系数沿轴向的变化情况．在小参数的情况下,计算所获得的结果与摄动解吻合良好．     

磁场对具有压力梯度的低频振荡自然对流的影响

研究了磁场对具有非定常压力梯度的振荡自然对流的影响．假设流体是在两平行板内流动．由于在航天材料中的重要性，重点研究在微重力作用下由于矿振荡器诱发的低频振荡自然对流．得到了在非定常磁场下的振荡流体的一般解．还给出了一些特殊的振荡流和对作用磁场的响应．发现振荡流的性质依赖于频率、驱动浮力的振幅、温度梯度、磁场、壁面的导电情况．当没有磁场时，浮力在驱动流体振荡中起主导作用，并且速度的大小还受温度梯度的影响．为了控制振荡流，可以应用外磁场．还发现：当壁面是导体时，速度的减小与作用磁场的平方成反比；当壁面是绝缘体时，速度的减小与作用磁场成反比．一些详细的计算结果反映了真实的状态．     

弯曲血管中的血液流动和大分子传质

采用数值模拟的方法,研究主动脉弯曲血管中的定常/脉动流动及低密度脂肪蛋白(LDL)和血清白蛋白(Albumin)传质．计算结果表明,对于主动脉弓模型,二次流漩涡的位置随时间变化．在弯曲变化比较剧烈的区域大分子浓度较高,壁面浓度外壁高于内壁．这些流动变化比较剧烈的区域可能是动脉硬化或血栓形成的危险区域．     

等宽多孔介质壁面管道中磁流体的流动

研究等宽管道中,磁场、可渗透壁面、Darcy速度和滑动参数,对流体稳定流动的综合影响.假设管道中流动的流体是均匀的、不可压缩的Newton流体.利用Beavers-Joseph滑动边界条件,得到控制方程的解析解.详细地讨论了磁场、可渗透性、Darcy速度和滑动参数对轴向速度、滑动速度和剪应力的影响.可以看出,Hartmann数、Darcy速度、多孔参数和滑动参数,在改变流动方向,进而改变剪应力方面,起着至关重要的作用.     

轴向复合载荷作用下变截面悬臂弹性立柱后屈曲分析

基于轴线可伸长弹性杆的几何非线性理论,建立了同时作用端部轴向集中荷载和沿轴线作用分布轴向载荷的变截面弹性悬臂柱的后屈曲控制方程。采用打靶法直接求解了所得强非线性边值问题,给出了截面线性变化的圆截面柱的二次平衡路径及其过屈曲位形曲线。     

T型分叉血管的定常/脉动流动和大分子传质

采用计算流体动力学方法,数值求解了T型分叉流动的定常/脉动流场和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)以及血清白蛋白(Albumin)的浓度分布。计算了雷诺数、主管和支管的流量比等参数对流场和大分子传质的影响,计算结果表明,流体动力学因素影响大分子的分布和跨壁渗透,在动脉硬化的发生和发展过程中起着重要的作用。在流动发生分离处,即支管入口外侧壁面剪应力变化最剧烈,这儿LDL和Albumin的壁面浓度变化也是最剧烈,是动脉硬化危险区。     

二阶非牛顿流体环管流动解析解

本文采用积分变换的方法,找到了一类非牛顿流体在环形管道中不定常流动的解析解,并进行了数值计算,详尽分析了非牛顿性系数和其他各参数对二阶流体不定常流动的影响.指出当二阶流体非牛顿系数相同时,环管流与一般管流相比达到稳定的特征时间较短,并且相应的速度分布、平均速度分布的数值均较小,在外半径相同时,环管流内壁的剪应力较之一般管流,其大小随内半径的大小而变,环管流的外壁剪应力总相应地小于内壁剪应力.     

基于Soret和Dufour效应的方腔内双扩散自然对流振荡特性研究

采用格子Boltzmann方法模拟研究了方腔内带Soret效应和Dufour效应的双扩散自然对流振荡特性.方腔内置高浓度发热圆且位于方腔中心,四周壁面均为低温低浓度.采用时间历程分析法和功率谱法分析了不同的浮升力比Br(2.0≤B_r≤10.0)、Soret数Sr(-0.6≤S_r≤0.0)和Dufour数Df(-0.6≤D_f≤0.0)下的方腔内部流动的振荡特性.研究结果表明:不考虑Soret和Dufour效应时,方腔内部流动呈现稳定状态,随着Df和Sr从0.0变化到-0.6,双扩散自然对流状态开始逐渐转变为周期性振荡和非周期性振荡,且振荡性随着浮升力比Br的增大而增强.     

具有正弦粗糙度的环形微管道中脉冲流动

研究了具有正弦粗糙度的环形微管道中脉冲流动,其中壁面粗糙度用小振幅的正弦波表示,不可压缩粘性脉冲流动由周期振荡的压力梯度驱动,运用摄动展开法求解了柱坐标系下的动量方程,获得了环形微管道内脉冲流动的近似解析速度及其体积流率.在此基础上,研究了相关无量纲参数,如Reynolds(雷诺)数Re、压力梯度振幅A、正弦波状粗糙的小振幅ε、内外半径之比α、相位差β及其波数λ对速度u及平均体积流率Φ_m的影响.结果表明,剖面速度随A的增大而增大,随Re的增大而减小,相位滞后χ随振荡Reynolds数Re的增大而增大.     

异质材料有限长微通道电渗流热效应

采用数值方法,分析有限长PDMS/玻璃微通道电渗流热效应．数值求解双电层的Poisson-Boltzmann方程,液体流动的Navier-Stokes方程和流-固耦合的热输运方程,分析二维微通道电渗流的温度特性．考虑温度变化对流体特性（介电系数、粘度、热和电传导率）的反馈效应．数值结果表明,在通道进口附近有一段热发展长度,这里的流动速度、温度、压强和电场快速变化,然后趋向到一个稳定状态．在高电场和厚芯片的情况下,热发展长度可以占据相当一部分的微通道．电渗流稳定态温度随外加电场和芯片厚度的增加而升高．由于壁面材料的热特性差异,在稳定态时的PDMS壁面温度比玻璃壁面温度高．研究还发现在微通道的纵向和横向截面有温度变化．壁面温升降低双电层电荷密度．微通道纵向温度变化诱发流体压强梯度和改变微通道电场特性．微通道进流温度不改变热稳定态的温度和热发展长度．     

A new model for study the effect of wall properties on peristaltic transport of a viscous fluid

The present study extends the two-dimensional analysis of peristaltic motion to include a compliant wall. The fluid-solid interaction problem is investigated by considering equations of motion of both the fluid and the deformable boundaries. The driving mechanism of the muscle is represented by assuming the channel walls to be compliant. A perturbation solution of the stream function for zeroth, first and second order in a small amplitude ratio is obtained. The phenomenon of the “mean flow reversal” is found to exist both at the center and at the boundaries of the channel. The effect of wall damping, wall elastance and wall tension on the mean axial velocity and reversal flow has been investigated. The numerical results show that the possibility of flow reversal increases by increasing the wall damping and decreases by increasing the wall elastance and wall tension.     

Analytical solutions of laminar swirl decay in a straight pipe

In this work, the laminar swirl flow in a straight pipe is revisited and solved analytically by using prescribed axial flow velocity profiles. Based on two axial velocity profiles, namely a slug flow and a developed parabolic velocity profiles, the swirl velocity equation is solved by the separation of variable technique for a rather general inlet swirl velocity distribution, which includes a forced vortex in the core and a free vortex near the wall. The solutions are expressed by the Bessel function for the slug flow and by the generalized Laguerre function for the developed parabolic velocity. Numerical examples are calculated and plotted for different combinations of influential parameters. The effects of the Reynolds number, the pipe axial distance, and the inlet swirl profiles on the swirl velocity distribution and the swirl decay are analyzed. The current results offer analytical equations to estimate the decay rate and the outlet swirl intensity and velocity distribution for the design of swirl flow devices.     

The Design of axisymmetric ducts for incompressible flow with vorticity.

In this paper a numerical algorithm is described for solving the boundary value problem associated with axisymmetric, inviscid, incompressible, rotational (and irrotational) flow in order to obtain duct wall shapes from prescribed wall velocity distributions. The governing equations are formulated in terms of the stream function and the function as independent variables where for irrotational flow can be recognized as the velocity potential function, for rotational flow ceases being the velocity potential function but does remain orthogonal to the stream lines. A numerical method based on finite differences on a uniform mesh is employed. The technique described is capable of tackling the so–called inverse problem where the velocity wall distributions are prescribed from which the duct wall shape is calculated, as well as the direct problem where the velocity distribution on the duct walls are calculated from prescribed duct wall shapes. The two different cases as outlined in this paper are in fact boundary value problems with Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions respectively. Even though both approaches are discussed, only numerical results for the case of the Dirichlet boundary conditions are given. A downstream condition is prescribed such that cylindrical flow, that is flow which is independent of the axial coordinate, exists. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Peristaltic transport of a Williamson fluid in asymmetric channels with permeable walls

The peristaltic flow of a Williamson fluid in asymmetric channels with permeable walls is investigated. The channel asymmetry is produced by choosing a peristaltic wave train on the wall with different amplitudes and phases. The solutions for stream function, axial velocity and pressure gradient are obtained for small Weissenberg number, We, via a perturbation expansion about We, while an exact solution method is discussed for large values of We. The exact solutions become singular as We tends to zero; hence the separate perturbation solutions are essential. Also, numerical results are obtained using the perturbation technique for the pumping and trapping phenomena, and these are used to bring out the qualitative features of the solutions. It is noted that the size of the trapped bolus decreases and its symmetry disappears for large values of the permeability parameter. The effects of various wave forms (namely, sinusoidal, triangular, square and trapezoidal) on the fluid flow are discussed.     

Dynamic response of pulsatile flow of blood in a stenosed tapered artery

The aim of this paper is to throw some light on the rheological study of pulsatile blood flow in a stenosed tapered arterial segment. Arterial wall is considered to be rigid and flexible separately for improving the similarity to the in vivo situation. The streaming blood is considered to be Newtonian. The governing nonlinear equations of motion are sought using the well‐known stream function‐vorticity method and are solved numerically by finite difference technique. Important rheological parameters, such as axial velocity component, wall shear stress, and flow separation region are estimated in the neighborhood of the stenosis. Effects of stenosis height, vessel tapering, and wall flexibility on the blood flow are investigated properly and are explained in detail through their graphical representations.     

Application of Adomian's approximation to blood flow through arteries in the presence of a magnetic field

The present investigation deals with the application of Adomian's decomposition method to blood flow through a constricted artery in the presence of an external transverse magnetic field which is applied uniformly. The blood flowing through the tube is assumed to be Newtonian in character. The expressions for the two-term approximation to the solution of stream function, axial velocity component and wall shear stress are obtained in this analysis. The numerical solutions of the wall shear stress for different values of Reynold number and Hartmann number are shown graphically. The solution of this theoretical result for a particular Hartmann number is compared with the integral method solution of Morgan and Young [17].     

Mathematical modeling of pulsatile flow of non-Newtonian fluid in stenosed arteries

The pulsatile flow of blood through mild stenosed artery is studied. The effects of pulsatility, stenosis and non-Newtonian behavior of blood, treating the blood as Herschel–Bulkley fluid, are simultaneously considered. A perturbation method is used to analyze the flow. The expressions for the shear stress, velocity, flow rate, wall shear stress, longitudinal impedance and the plug core radius have been obtained. The variations of these flow quantities with different parameters of the fluid have been analyzed. It is found that, the plug core radius, pressure drop and wall shear stress increase with the increase of yield stress or the stenosis height. The velocity and the wall shear stress increase considerably with the increase in the amplitude of the pressure drop. It is clear that for a given value of stenosis height and for the increasing values of the stenosis shape parameter from 3 to 6, there is a sharp increase in the impedance of the flow and also the plots are skewed to the right-hand side. It is observed that the estimates of the increase in the longitudinal impedance increase with the increase of the axial distance or with the increase of the stenosis height. The present study also brings out the effects of asymmetric of the stenosis on the flow quantities.     

Elastico-viscous flow engendered due to an impulsively started porous plane wall

Approximate solution for the flow past an impulsively started infinite porous plane wall in an elastico-viscous fluid is obtained for the velocity and shearing stress. The roles of elasticity of the liquid and the suction on the velocity and the shearing stress have been studied.     

On the development of a wake vortex in inviscid flow

The evolution of an initial perturbation in an axisymmetric subsonic normal inviscid gas flow through a pipe is directly simulated. The basic (unperturbed) flow has a zero radial velocity component, while its axial velocity component (along the axis of symmetry) increases or decreases linearly with the radius. The perturbation is specified as a swirl (rotation about the axis) with a positive or negative velocity vanishing on the central axis and the lateral surface. Irrespective of its direction, the swirl gives rise to a steady-state vortex carried by the flow. It shape is spherical (contiguous to the rotation axis) or circular (sliding along the impermeable lateral surface).