Quantum dynamics of a four-channel Kerr nonlinear directional coupler

Quantum dynamics of a four-channel nonlinear directional coupler, based on Kerr effect, was modeled numerically by a set of stochastic differential equations derived using quasiprobability distribution of positive-\(P\) representation. The modeling of the system is focused on the properties of quadrature evolution below the standard quantum limit, and its comparison with the conventional two-channel device. The results exhibit that a four-channel Kerr coupler provides an effective way to manipulate squeezing, especially in the mixed-mode basis, as compared with the conventional two-channel system—the theme that would make these to be prudent squeezed light source.     

Thermal entanglement of a two-level atom and bimodal photons in a Kerr nonlinear coupler

In this paper thermally induced entanglement between a two-level atom and photons inside a bimodal nonlinear coupler is studied. The interaction occurs in the presence of a centrosymmetric medium which couples the two photonic modes via the first and third order susceptibilities. Such effects on the atom–photons interaction, however, are assumed negligible so that the linear Jaynes–Cummings model applies. It is further assumed that the coupler is held at a temperature T$T$, so that each of the combined atom–photon states, with a definite, T$T$ dependent, probability, is present. The partially transposed density matrix and, consequently, the negativity, as a measure of entanglement, are determined as functions of temperature. The negativity so calculated shows that the system of a two-level atom and photons is separable at zero temperature, becomes more entangled, reaching the maximal at a certain temperature and asymptotically disentangles. Effect of medium characteristics on such behavior is also discussed.     

A 1 × 7 fibre coupler with Kerr nonlinearity

We study for the first time the evolution of the guided field in a 1×7 fibre coupler with a third-order nonlinearity. An analytical solution of the nonlinear coupled-mode equations is presented in terms of the Weierstrass function. In particular, we found that contrary to the equal power distribution in the linear limit, a cross-state appeared if the coupler was initially excited in the central core and a certain input power was chosen. Finally, we analyse the far-field pattern of the coupler output.     

Quantum properties of the codirectional three-mode Kerr nonlinear coupler

In the present communication, we consider the quantum properties for the codirectional three-mode Kerr nonlinear coupler. We investigate single-, two- and three-mode quadrature squeezing, Wigner function and purity. We prove that this device can provide richer nonclassical effects than those produced by the conventional coupler, i.e. the two-mode Kerr coupler. We show that it can provide squeezing and the quadrature squeezing exhibiting leaf-revival-collapse phenomenon in dependence on the values of the interaction parameters. In contrast to the conventional Kerr coupler two different forms of cat states can be simultaneously generated in the waveguides. We deduce conditions required for the complete disentanglement between the components of the system.     

Kerr nonlinear switch based on ultra-compact photonic crystal directional coupler

In this paper, an all optical switch based on nonlinear photonic crystal directional coupler has been simulated and analyzed by the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. The lunched pump signal increases the refractive indices of the central row of the coupler, due to nonlinear Kerr effect, hence the coupler works in the nonlinear conditions and lightwave guides to the other output port. We have tried to increase the coupling efficiency and reduce the required power in the nonlinear status by optimizing the bends structure and increasing the interaction between dielectric and lightwave signal. Therefore, the input signal beam can be controlled to be exchanged between two output ports to earn the highest output power ratio and the smallest amount of power required for nonlinear performance, the physical length of the coupler is determined to be 20a, where a is the structure lattice constant.     

Oscillatory optically induced Kerr kinetics in nitrobenzene

Oscillatory Kerr profile in time was observed in nitrobenzene using intense picosecond optical excitation. This new observation can be used to measure the molecular relaxation time and nonlinear index of refraction.     

Dynamics of a light induced self-written waveguide directional coupler in a photopolymer

We propose and study, using the variational approximation as well as numerical simulation, the evolution of a probe beam through a directional coupler formed in a photopolymer system. Both the results compare well. An analytical expression is derived for describing the dynamics of the coupler. The expression compares well with that of the standard linear coupler. The two waveguides are self-written in the photopolymerizable material as a result of the competition between diffraction and refractive index change due to photopolymerization. As a result the writing beam can be self-trapped along the propagation direction.     

克尔介质中瞬态热光非线性效应的作用

研究了介质中瞬态热光非线性效应对于克尔效应Z扫描测量结果的影响，观察到了Z扫描峰谷特性的转变，相应的数值模拟结果与实验结果很好地吻合.实验也发现，克尔效应和瞬态热光非线性效应相互抵消时Z扫描曲线呈现出新奇的单峰或平台状曲线.对于用纳秒脉冲激光进行的Z扫描测量结果的正确分析具有重要意义. 关键词： 瞬态热光非线性效应 克尔效应 Z扫描     

Guided wave perturbations induced by a prism film coupler in a thin quartz slab

Prism-film couplers are used to couple light beams into and out of a 80 μm thick quartz slab. The pressure which is absolutely necessary to exert on the prisms in order to obtain a good coupling efficiency, induces important stresses in the anisotopic medium. Experimental results pointing out the perturbations in the propagation conditions thus involved, are reported here.     

Pump induced normal mode splittings in phase conjugation in a Kerr nonlinear waveguide

Phase conjugation in a Kerr nonlinear waveguide is studied with counter-propagating normally incident pumps and a probe beam at an arbitrary angle of incidence. Detailed numerical results for the specular and phase conjugated reflectivities are obtained with full account of pump depletion. For sufficient strengths of the pump a normal mode splitting is demonstrated in both the specular and the phase conjugated reflectivities of the probe wave. The splitting is explained in terms of a simple model under undepleted pump approximation.     

Two-time photon correlations in resonance fluorescence

The factorization formula for the two-time intensity correlation of the fluorescence produced by a two-level atom in a coherent field is generalized for an arbitrary quantum state of the field. The formula is then applied to a Fock state.     

Giant Kerr nonlinearity induced by interacting dark resonances

A scheme for giant enhancement of the Kerr nonlinearity in a four-level system with double dark resonances is proposed. Compared with that generated in a single-dark-resonance system, the Kerr nonlinearity can be enhanced by several orders of magnitude with vanishing linear absorption. We attribute this dramatic enhancement to the interaction of dark resonances.     

Recurrent synchronism in dynamical systems

A mechanism which shows recurrent synchronism between some pair(s) of variables of flows and maps is studied. This mechanism is based on the nonuniform influence of bursts on coupled oscillators and the subsequent oscillators' tendency to synchronize. We discuss this mechanism in representative physical models.     

Y型四能级系统中电磁感应透明和巨Kerr非线性效应的研究

在Y型四能级原子系统中理论分析了外加相干控制场的强度变化对电磁感应透明和Kerr非线性效应的影响.结果发现:当外加的耦合场和抽运场的强度从相等变得不相等时,原子系统对探测场的吸收曲线从一个透明窗口逐渐变成了具有两个透明点的增益区间,透明点的位置、增益值的大小以及增益区间的宽度都与变化着的外场的拉比频率密切相关;当两个外场强度较弱并且相对强度减小时,Kerr非线性效应有所增强但同时伴随有吸收;而当两个外场的强度较强并且相对强度增大时,Kerr非线性的峰值也随之增大并且逐渐与透明点对应,即获得了无吸收巨Kerr非线性效应.研究还发现,抽运场的强度变化对Kerr非线性增强的影响作用较耦合场要大.     

Current induced Kerr effect in weakly ionized gases in the presence of a magnetic field

The current induced Kerr effect in the presence of a homogeneous magnetic field is treated for binary mixtures of neutral molecules and ions. The starting point is a system of moment equations derived from the linearized Waldmann-Snider equation. The dialectric tensor is calculated and studied in particular for a lorentzian mixture in perpendicular electric and magnetic fields. It is shown that the magnetic field causes a decrease of briefringence as well as a rotation of the principal axes of the dielectric tensor.     

Tunneling induced transparency and giant Kerr nonlinearity in multiple quantum dot molecules

The linear absorption and the Kerr nonlinearity of multiple quantum dots molecules controlled by the tunneling rather than the laser fields are investigated. The tunneling between the dots can induce multiple transparency windows. By varying the energy splitting of the excited states and the tunneling intensity, the width of the tunneling induced transparency windows can be narrowed. Within the narrowed transparency windows, the steep dispersion profile of the probe field makes it possible to enhance the Kerr nonlinearity. Therefore more than one probe fields with different frequencies can acquire giant Kerr accompanied by vanishing absorption simultaneously.     

喇曼感生克尔效应光谱的琼斯矩阵分析

介绍喇曼感生克尔效应光谱(RIKES)的琼斯(Jones)矩阵分析方法.探测光束的传输强度不仅由所经过的每一个光学器件的琼斯矩阵所决定,而且还受到强的泵波在非线性介质样品中感生依赖于强度的二向色性和双折射(克尔效应)对琼斯矩阵的影响.同时计及样品和光学器件由强泵波作用下感生应力和其他外部产生的线双折射对喇曼感生克尔效应光谱观察的不利影响,导出测量系统的功率传输函数的完整表达式和喇曼感生克尔效应光谱的实现观察条件,最后简述以甲笨(C_7H_8)液体为试样的喇曼感生克尔效应光谱实验结果分析.     

Analysis of Kerr effect induced by temperature in Brillouin fiber-optical gyroscope

The Kerr effect induced by temperature variation in Brillouin fiber-optical gyroscope is investigated for the first time to our knowledge. It is found that the Kerr effect induced by Brillouin walk-off effect appears with the fluctuation of temperature, even the pump frequency is locked to the resonance of the resonator. The relation between the beat frequency bias and temperature variation is obtained.     

克尔介质中脉冲宽度对瞬态热光非线性效应的影响

在纳秒时域，研究了激光脉冲宽度变化对克尔介质中瞬态热光非 线性效应的影响.通过不同脉冲宽度τp下得到的二硫化碳 苯胺黑溶液的Z_scan实验结果，对瞬态热光非线性效应和光克尔效应的共存过程进行了分析 .随着脉冲宽度的增加，观察到了热光非线性效应从瞬态到稳态变化过程和Z_scan峰谷特性 的转变.同时，从声波的传播方程和光波的非线性传播方程出发，用数值计算方法模拟了这 一非线性过程，结果表明数值模拟结果和实验结果是相符的. 关键词： 瞬态热光非线性效应 脉冲宽度 Z_scan 克尔效应     

Spherical solitons in a Kerr medium

Solutions of the complete system of the Maxwell equations for a Kerr medium are found numerically in the form of spherical surface waves—spherical solitons.