多壁碳纳米管/溴/聚苯乙炔三元共混物导电性能的研究

通过机械共混和溶液共混制备了多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)/溴/聚苯乙炔(PPA)三元复合材料,复合材料表现出良好的导电性能,电导率为10S/m,达到掺溴MWNTs的导电水平.通过固体紫外光谱、XPS和SEM分析了复合材料中MWNTs、溴与PPA三者之间的相互作用,研究了独立导电单元的形成,以及导电单元对电导率提高所起的作用.结果表明,当MWNTs含量较低时,MWNTs和PPA之间的溴转移导致复合材料电导率降低;MWNTs含量较高时,独立导电单元的数目增多,复合材料的电导率随之大幅提高.     

多壁碳纳米管/溴/聚苯乙炔三元复合材料导电性能的研究

通过机械共混和溶液共混制备了多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)/溴/聚苯乙炔(PPA)三元复合材料, 复合材料表现出良好的导电性能, 电导率为10 S/m, 达到掺溴MWNTs的导电水平. 通过固体紫外光谱、XPS和SEM分析了复合材料中MWNTs、溴与PPA三者之间的相互作用, 研究了独立导电单元的形成, 以及导电单元对电导率提高所起的作用. 结果表明, 当MWNTs含量较低时, MWNTs和PPA之间的溴转移导致复合材料电导率降低; MWNTs含量较高时, 独立导电单元的数目增多, 复合材料的电导率随之大幅提高.     

多壁碳纳米管与溴的相互作用及导电机理

通过溴蒸气的吸附, 提高多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)的本征导电性能, 加溴多壁碳纳米管的电导率提高了3倍. X光电子能谱、近红外光谱、紫外光谱、拉曼光谱表明多壁碳纳米管与溴之间存在共轭作用, 这种作用导致多壁碳纳米管上的π电子向溴偏移, 产生空穴载流子. 利用半导体能带图, 提出加溴多壁碳纳米管微观体系模型来研究溴对多壁碳纳米管的作用及导电机理.     

溴吸附对碳纳米管导电性能的提高

通过溴蒸气的吸附, 提高多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)的本征导电性能,加溴多壁碳纳米管的电导率提高3倍. 通过拉曼光谱, 紫外可见光谱, 红外吸收光谱, 近红外吸收光谱和X光电子能谱等方法研究, 结果表明: 溴与多壁碳纳米管之间存在共轭作用, 使多壁碳纳米管表面的电子云分布发生了变化, 导致空穴载流子的产生, 增加了载流子浓度, 提高了多壁碳纳米管的导电性能.     

聚3-辛基噻吩/MWNTs复合材料的导电性能研究

采用在氯仿溶液中超声共混, 制备聚3-辛基噻吩(P3OT)和多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)复合材料. 当MWNTs掺杂量为3%时复合材料的电导率为1.43 S•m－1, 达到纯MWNTs的电导率水平. 用FTIR光谱, TG, UV-Vis光谱, XPS和FESEM进行研究分析, 认为MWNTs的离域电子与P3OT主链上的π电子之间形成π-π共轭, 增加了P3OT主链的有效共轭度, 被掺杂的P3OT具有很高的电导率, 提高了复合材料的导电性能. MWNTs与被掺杂的P3OT组成相对独立的导体单元, 对复合材料的导电网络形成起着主要作用.     

聚噻吩/多壁碳纳米管复合材料结构与导电机理的研究

从结构和相互作用方面对聚噻吩(PTh)/多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)复合材料进行了研究, 结果表明: 一方面聚噻吩本身的结构对其导电性能有一定的影响, 另一方面MWNTs作为一种掺杂剂, 和聚噻吩之间存在强的相互作用, 电子从MWNTs转移到聚噻吩. MWNTs和它周围被掺杂的聚噻吩通过π-π共轭作用形成相对独立的导电单元, 在复合材料的导电体系中起到主要作用, 随着这种导电单元数量的增加直至相互接触, 形成大的导电体系, 复合材料的电导率达到最大值.     

聚噻吩/多壁碳纳米管复合材料的导电性能

通过共混多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)和聚噻吩(PTh), 制备了PTh/MWNTs复合材料, 复合材料表现出良好的导电性能(电导率达16.1 S/m). 通过Raman, TG, XPS, UV-Vis等对复合材料进行了分析, 结果表明, MWNTs和 PTh之间存在强的相互作用, MWNTs上的离域电子与噻吩共轭主链上的π电子之间形成π-π共轭, 电子从MWNTs转移到聚噻吩, 增加了噻吩主链的有效共轭长度, 提高了复合材料的导电性能. FESEM分析表明, MWNTs和它周围被掺杂的聚噻吩通过π-π共轭作用结合在一起, 形成相对独立的导电单元, 在复合材料的导电体系中起到主要作用.     

σ-π共轭共聚物的电荷掺杂效应

目前导电高分子材料主要集中在π-共轭的碳链体系和σ-共轭的聚硅烷体系.后来人们在聚合物主链或侧链同时引入π共轭性和σ共轭性的基团,形成σ-π共轭高聚物.这类材料掺杂后电导率能在较宽的范围内变化,从而赋予它们非常独特的光化学和光物理性质,可用作导体与半导体、光导体材料,以及非线性光学材料、光致抗蚀剂、电致发光装置中的发光二级管等,有可能成为方兴未艾的信息技术所必需的集成电子器件或集成光子器件中的关键材料之一.同π共轭和σ共轭体系相类似,σ-π共轭体系也只有在掺杂引入载流子的情况下才能导电.相比之下,对依赖于σ-π共轭体系的导电机理研究很少.例如,实验发现nSix(C=C)y掺杂后电导率先升高到10-3Scm-1后又降低到10-7Scm-1,这种现象在π共轭和σ共轭体系中并没有发现,至今也没有理论和实验解释.这类材料的导电性主要依赖于σ-共轭与π-共轭的组合程度以及它们的内部电子结构,因此开展这方面的理论研究工作是很必要的.本文选用了主链含有30个原子的nSix(C=C)y+进行了理论研究,以期为有目的地组合配置σ-共轭和π-共轭的组合结构开发新型光电功能材料提供理论支持.从能量最低稳定单元出发建立了计算模型并根...     

p-π共轭分子的氨基面外弯曲振动模的拉曼光谱

拉曼光谱是一种用途广泛的无损分子检测技术,其能够提供化学物质的分子结构指纹信息.一种面外弯曲振动模被称作wagging振动,它的信号尤为特殊,其频率和强度都非常依赖于检测环境.以乙烯胺和苯胺为例,采用密度泛函理论计算研究了p-π共轭分子分别与水簇和银簇作用的平衡结构、成键作用和拉曼光谱.结果表明,弱相互作用,如分子与金属表面的弱吸附作用以及分子与水之间的氢键作用,均使氨基面外弯曲振动模(ωNH2)的拉曼信号发生显著的变化.考虑溶剂化效应后,氢键作用减弱,计算拉曼光谱趋于一致.通过进一步对电子结构的分析,解释了面外弯曲振动信号显著增强的原因,揭示了面外弯曲振动模与分子p-π共轭作用之间的关系.     

电解聚合法合成导电高分子

一、引言有机化合物的电子受σ轨道束缚不能移动,有机物晶体多为分子晶体,分子间的作用力非常小,所以有机化合物是众所周知的绝缘体.要使有机高分子赋于导电性,必须设想种种途径,用低的能量就能产生大量载流子,并使载流子有很好的流动性.对高分子来说,使π轨道重叠,产生π共轭和加强分子之间的作用是导电高分子的结构条件.聚乙炔作为具有最简单共轭双键的导电高分子首先受到人们的注意.自1977年发现掺杂后聚乙炔具有接近金属的导电能力后,出现了研究导电高分子的新浪潮.人们以对聚乙炔的研究为开端,逐步拓展     

13C chemical shifts of the β olefinic carbon in some heterocyclic vinyl ethers as a measure of p-π conjugation

¹³C NMR spectra of 5- and 6-membered heterocyclic vinyl ethers containing an endocyclic or exocyclic CC bond have been determined and the chemical shift of the β carbon of the vinyl group has been used as a measure of the extent of p-π conjugation in the vinyloxy system. The results show that in the 6-membered heterocyclic vinyl ethers with an exocyclic double bond, such as 2-methylenetetrahydropyran, p-π conjugation is essentially weaker than in the corresponding 5-membered heterocycles, such as 2- methylenetetrahydrofuran. In the respective endocyclic isomers, the difference in the extent of conjugation is considerably smaller, although the same relative order still applies. The spatial structures of these compounds are discussed on the basis of these findings.     

High-resolution NMR spectra and phase equilibria in poly(phenylacetylene)-diluent mixtures

The C-13 NMR spectra of partly crystalline poly(phenylacetylene) (PPA) in CDCl₃ CCl₄ are rather well resolved and the peaks can be matched with those of 1, 3,5-triphenylbenzene. A different, less-well-resolved C-13 spectrum is characteristic of a disordered PPA obtained by heating. We conclude that crystalline PPA has the chain conformation of a cis-cis-oid helix. This interpretation is consistent with the proton NMR spectra and is supported by the fluorescence spectra, which can display two bands, one concluded to be characteristic of the cis-cis-oid conformation, the other of chain conjugation in the disordered polymer. Phase equilibria of PPA in the presence of chloroform were determined and are represented as those of the quasiternary mixture cis-cis-oid helix, disordered polymer, and chloroform.     

Theoretical studies of the transport property of oligosilane

The transport mechanisms of four σ-conjugated systems were comparatively studied by combining ATK and Gaussian 03 calculations. It was found that the charge-doped oligosilane behaved in a different way from the boron doped and phosphorus doped oligosilanes in terms of the transmission property. The charge-doped oligosilane showed almost no conductivity owing to the damage of the electron transfer path by charge-doping. By contrast, the boron doped and phosphorus doped oligosilanes were demonstrated to be good semiconductors and NDR behavior was observed for them. This is a reasonable result after the analysis of the transmission spectra, MPSH states, energy gap, conjugation effect, and scattering effect.     

Perfluoroalkyl Diphosphenes - Synthons for Diphospha Heterocycles

Abstract

Recent successful work in the field of (2p-3p)π (P=C) and (2p-4p)π (As=C) systems with F or R_F substituents led us to search for unsaturated (3p-3p)π compounds using the stabilizing effect of perfluoroalkyl groups.     

Segmented polymers — A new class of doped non-conjugated polymers with enhanced electrical conductivity

A new class of segmented non-conjugated dopable polymers, built up from short conjugated blocks connected with flexible chains (spacers), has been proposed. After the redox reaction of doping these polymers exhibit properties similar to those of the fully conjugated polymers and increase considerably their electrical conductivity. A solid state polymer effect has been observed. It has been found that the conjugated building units (biphenyl, diphenyl ether and 1,3,4-oxadiazole) do not interact with the dopant when included in a low molecular weight substance. When these units are incorporated in a polymer chain they change their reactivity and the polymer can be doped. The doping process takes place only when the polymer is in the solid state and the nature of this phase is of considerable importance. The phenomenon observed, i.e. doping of non-conjugated polymers with segmented structure could be explained with a favourable arrangement of the conjugated blocks in the solid phase, leading to enhanced π-π - interaction (equivalent to extended conjugation). By the collective interaction of several conjugated blocks with the dopant the polymer is partially oxidized and charge carriers are formed. The result is enhanced electrical conductivity.     

Carbon-13 NMR study of enamines and enamino ketones. A direct observation of the conformation of the 2-methylcyclohexanone enamine tautomers

The carbon-13 spectra of a series of cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone and 2-methylcyclohexanone enamines are reported. The influence of the amino component was studied in a series of enamino ketones. The spectra reflect the amount of p-π overlap in the molecules and their conformation. Differences between 5-and 6-membered carbonyl components are evaluated.