碘汞酸钾与CPB反应产物的共振散射光谱及其在分析中的应用

在pH 2~7的溶液中,碘汞酸钾和溴化十六烷基吡啶(CPB)反应生成离子缔合物,在390 nm处有共振散射峰,峰强度随汞(Ⅱ)浓度的增加而急剧增大。在试验条件下,汞(Ⅱ)的线性范围为15~200μg.L-1,检出限为5μg.L-1,用于合成水样和环境水样中汞(Ⅱ)的测定,在4个浓度水平测得结果的RSD均小于1.5%,用标准加入法测得的回收率在94.9%至102.1%之间。     

聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵与核酸相互作用的共振光散射光谱及分析应用

实验基于核酸与聚阳离子聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵(PDDA)的相互作用导致共振光散射(RLS)增强的现象来测定核酸。考察了pH值、PDDA浓度和离子强度对体系共振光散射强度的影响。在优化条件下,建立了用RLS光谱测定微量核酸的新方法。方法的抗干扰能力较强,可允许大部分的常见金属离子、核苷酸、氨基酸、糖、蛋白质等干扰物质的存在。同时用于合成样品的分析,结果令人满意。     

汞(Ⅱ)-槲皮素螯合物共振瑞利散射光谱法测定槲皮素

在pH4.8~6.1的BR缓冲溶液中,槲皮素(QT)和汞(Ⅱ)形成螯合物时,将引起溶液共振瑞利散射(RRS)显著增强,并产生新的RRS光谱,其最大RRS波长位于320nm,另在450nm处有一小的散射峰。槲皮素在0.98~7.0mg/L范围内与散射强度(ΔI)成正比;反应具有较高的灵敏度,对槲皮素的检出限为29.5μg/L。研究了适宜的反应条件和影响因素,考察了共存物质的影响,表明方法有良好的选择性。基于上述研究,建立了一种灵敏、简便、快速测定槲皮素的新方法,并用于天然药物槐米中槲皮素的测定。     

汞(Ⅱ)-邻菲啰啉-刚果红缔合体系的共振瑞利散射和共振非线性散射光谱及分析应用

在pH=9.0的弱碱性环境中,Hg2+与邻菲啰啉(phen)反应形成无色螯合物[Hg(phen)3]2+,再与刚果红(CR)反应,形成三元离子缔合物Hg(phen)3CR,其摩尔比为1∶1。 此时引起共振瑞利散射(RRS)、二级散射(SOS)和倍频散射(FDS)光谱显著增强,最大的散射波长分别位于578 nm(RRS法)、612 nm(SOS法)和352 nm(FDS法)。 在一定条件下,散射增强(ΔI)与Hg2+浓度呈良好的线性关系,检出限分别为2.32 μg/L(RRS法)、3.20 μg/L(SOS法)和1.56 μg/L(FDS法),考察了最佳实验条件和影响因素,表明本方法具有良好的选择性,并以RRS法为例研究了共存物质的影响。 据此建立了灵敏度高、选择性好、快速准确测定Hg2+的光散射新方法,该方法用于环境水样中Hg2+的测定取得满意结果。 并对RRS增强的原因和反应机理进行了讨论。     

四溴双酚A-双(2,3-二溴丙基醚)的绿色合成

本文探索了水相中烯烃与溴的加成反应,以四溴双酚A双烯丙基醚为原料,在水相中合成四溴双酚A-双(2,3-二溴丙基)醚,通过考察助剂类型及用量、溴的用量、反应时间、反应温度等因素,优化反应条件,产品收率可达到93.6%,通过HPLC检测纯度达到91.7%。本文借助十二烷基硫酸钠不仅解决了原料不溶于水导致产品团聚的问题,而且此方法后处理简单,无废液产生,简化了工艺路线,可有效降低成本。     

汞(Ⅱ)-硫氰酸盐-维多利亚蓝4R体系的共振发光和二级散射光谱及其分析应用

研究了[Hg(SCN)₄]^-配阴离子与维多利亚蓝4R(VB4R)离子缔合反应体系的共振发光(RL)、二级散射(DS)和反二级散射(ADS)光谱,考察了它们的光谱特征、影响因素和适宜的反应条件。研究了RL、ADS和DS强度与汞(Ⅱ)浓度之间的定量关系;提出了用RL、ADS光谱测定痕量汞的方法。对汞(Ⅱ)的检测限分别为1.33ng/mL和1.83ng/mL,可用于水中μg/L级汞的测定,并对有关机理进行了初步的探讨。     

金属(Ⅱ)-双硫腙螯合物微粒的共振散射光谱特性

金属(Ⅱ)-双硫腙螯合物微粒的共振散射光谱特性;双硫腙;锌;螯合物微粒;共振散射     

四溴代对苯二甲酸根及二吡啶基丙烷构筑的锌(Ⅱ)及镉(Ⅱ)配位聚合物的合成及晶体结构

在室温和甲醇/水溶液为溶剂的条件下,以四溴代对苯二甲酸(H₂TBTA)及1,3-二(4-吡啶基)丙烷(BPP)为配体合成了[Zn(TBTA)(BPP)]_n (1)和[Cd(TBTA)(BPP)₂(H₂O)₂]_n(2)2个配位聚合物,对其进行了X-射线单晶衍射、元素分析、红外光谱分析和热重等性质表征。结果表明:配合物1为二维(2D)层状网络结构;配合物2为一维(1D)链状结构;H₂TBTA配体中的羧基都采取单齿模式与金属离子配位;配合物中的氢键作用对其结构的稳定性起关键作用。     

镉(Ⅱ)-邻菲罗啉-溴酚蓝体系的共振光散射光谱研究及分析应用

本文建立了一种测定镉(Ⅱ)含量的共振光散射(RLS)光谱法。在pH=9.60的Tris-HCl介质中,镉(Ⅱ)与邻菲罗啉(Phen)形成螯合物后,再与溴酚蓝(BPB)形成离子缔合物,可使溶液的共振光散射显著增强;在波长638 nm处,RLS的增强程度与镉(Ⅱ)浓度呈线性关系。线性范围为0~3.20 mg/L,检出限为4.50μg/L。该方法简便、快速、灵敏度高,用于合成样和水样中镉(Ⅱ)的测定,结果令人满意。     

钯(Ⅱ)-甲氨蝶呤螯合物与亚甲蓝相互作用的共振瑞利散射光谱及其分析应用

在pH为4.1~7.0的Britton-Robinson缓冲溶液中, 甲氨蝶呤与钯(Ⅱ)相互作用形成1∶1的螯合阴离子, 并进一步与亚甲蓝(MB)反应形成1∶1的离子缔合物. 该反应可引起共振瑞利散射(RRS)的显著增强并产生新的RRS光谱, 最大RRS波长位于342 nm. 在一定条件下, 散射增强(ΔI)与甲氨蝶呤的浓度成正比, 其线性范围为0.008~2.0 μg/mL. 此方法具有高灵敏度, 对于甲氨蝶呤的检出限为2 ng/mL. 考察了适宜的反应条件和影响因素, 研究了共存物质的影响, 基于Pd(Ⅱ)-甲氨蝶呤-亚甲蓝体系三元离子缔合物的RRS光谱, 发展了一种高灵敏、简便快速测定甲氨蝶呤的新方法. 此方法用于人血清和尿样中的甲氨蝶呤的测定获得满意的结果. 同时, 对三元离子缔合物的结构和反应机理进行了讨论.     

溴化十六烷基三甲铵存在下固红VR盐与fsDNA作用的共振光散射增强研究及其分析应用

研究了在阳离子表面活性剂溴化十六烷基三甲铵(CTMAB)存在下, 阴离子染料固红VR盐(FVR)和鱼精脱氧核糖核酸(fsDNA)作用的共振光散射(RLS)光谱特性、影响因素和最佳反应条件. 在pH 5.72和离子强度低于0.01 mol/L的条件下, fsDNA和CTMAB对FVR的共振光散射光谱有协同增强作用, 产生最大散射波长为361 nm的共振光散射增强(RLSE)信号. 在优化实验条件下, 测定fsDNA的线性范围为0.01～2.0 mg/L, 检出限可达2.5 μg/L. 方法能用于合成样中DNA的测定.     

Highly sensitive determination of trace potassium ion in serum using the resonance light scattering technique with sodium tetraphenylboron

A resonance light scattering technique has been developed in order to determine potassium ion in serum. Potassium ion was found to bind the tetraphenylboronate anion [(C₆H₅)₄B]⁻ in acetate buffer (pH 8.0) in the presence of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate as a stabilizer, forming the B(C₆H₅)₄-K aggregate which produces intense resonance scattering light. Effects of factors such as acidity, ionic strength and interferents on the RLS of B(C₆H₅)₄-K were investigated. The solution pH close to neutral facilitates the production of RLS, and few biologically relevant species interfere in the determination of potassium ion. The resonance scattering light intensity at the maximum peak of 567 nm was linear to the concentration of potassium ion in the range of 0.2–2.0 μg mL⁻¹ with a detection limit of 20.0 ng mL⁻¹. The method was applied to determine trace amounts of potassium ion in serum and showed high sensitivity and accuracy compared with the clinically used ion-selective electrode method.     

蛋白质-SDS-罗丹明B体系的共振光散射光谱及其分析应用

研究了阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS),阳离子染料罗丹明B,与蛋白质相互作用的共振光散射(RLS)光谱及用于蛋白质的测定.实验表明,在pH 4.35的酸性介质中,SDS的共振光散射强度较小,它与蛋白质结合后,共振光散射强度能得到增强,但加入阳离子染料罗丹明B后,共振光散射强度显著增强.在λ=332.0 nm处,ΔIRLS最大,并且增强的共振光散射信号与蛋白质的浓度成正比.据此建立了一种测定蛋白质的新方法,该方法灵敏度高,对HSA的检出限达到1.9 ng/mL,线性范围为0.01～5.0 μg/mL.用于人血清样品中蛋白质的测定,回收率为94.0%～105.5%.     

Resonance Rayleigh scattering study of the interaction of bleomycinA_5 with nucleic acids and its analytical application

The interaction of bleomycinA5 with nucleic acids has been investigated by using resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS), molecular absorption and fluorescence spectra. The result shows that in near pH 2.2 buffer medium and absence of any metal ions, nucleic acids are capable of binding with bleomycinA5 (BLMA5) to form complexes which can remarkably enhance the RRS intensity and result in batho- chromic and hyperchromic molecular absorption of nucleic acids and fluorescence quenching of bleomycinA5. The RRS spectral characteristics for the binding products of bleomycinA5 with various DNA and RNA are similar, and the maximum RRS peaks are at 301 nm for ctDNA and sDNA, 370 nm for hsDNA, 310 nm for RNAtypeVI and RNAtypeIII, respectively. The increments of RRS intensity are greatly different in which DNA enhances greatly and RNA enhances lightly. In this work, the optimum condi- tions of the interaction and some influencing factors have been investigated. The reaction mechanism and a binding model for the interaction of BLMA5 with the nucleic acids are discussed. In addition, a highly sensitive, simple and rapid new method for the determination of DNA has been developed. The detection limits (3σ) are 5.7 ng/mL for ctDNA, 7.4 ng/mL for sDNA and 9.2 ng/mL for hsDNA, respectively. The method can be applied to determination of trace amounts of DNA.     

Study on the resonance Rayleigh scattering spectra and resonance non-linear spectra of congo red-amikacin system and its analytical application

The interaction between congo red (CR) and amikacin (AMK) was studied by resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS), frequency doubling scattering (FDS) and second-order scattering (SOS) combining with absorption spectrum. In a weak acidic medium, CR combined with AMK to form an ion association complex with the composition ratio of 1∶1 by electrostatic interaction, hydrophobicity and charge transferring effect. As a result, the new spectra of RRS, FDS, and SOS appeared and their intensities were enhanced greatly. The maximum wavelengths of RRS, FDS and SOS were located at 563 nm, 475 nm and 940 nm, and the scattering intensities were proportional to the concentration of AMK. These three methods have very high sensitivities, and the detection limits were 4.0 ng·mL?1 for RRS, 3.6 ng·mL?1 for FDS and 1.9 ng·mL?1 for SOS, respectively. At the same time, the methods have better selectivity. A new method for the determination of trace amounts of AMK with congo red by resonance scattering technique has been developed. The recovery for the determination of AMK in blood serum and urine sample was between 95.5% and 105.5%. In this study, the properties, such as enthalpy of formation, charge distribution and mean polarizability, were calculated by AM1 quantum chemistry method. In addition, the reaction mechanism and the reasons for the enhancement of scattering spectra were discussed.     

中性红-8-羟基喹啉-亚硝酸根体系共振散射光谱研究及分析应用

NO2-与中性红在HCl介质中发生重氮化反应,生成的重氮盐在弱碱性溶液中与8-羟基喹啉发生偶联反应,偶联产物使得位于588 nm的共振散射光强度明显增强.基于该重氮化-偶联反应建立了共振散射光谱法测定NO2-的新方法.激光散射法测得样品中偶联反应产物的平均粒径为493 nm.方法的线性范围和检出限分别为0～480×10-6 g/L和8.9×10-6 g/L.方法用于蔬菜中NO2-的测定,回收率在95.9%～102.1%.     

圣草次苷-CTAB-DNA三元体系共振光散射光谱研究及应用

基于圣草次苷和十六烷基三甲基溴化胺(CTAB)的二元体系增强DNA的共振光散射(resonance light scattering,RLS)信号,提出了一种测定纳克级小牛胸腺DNA(ctDNA)的新方法.研究了圣草次苷、CTAB与DNA的结合方式并讨论了三元体系的最佳反应条件.增强的RLS信号与DNA浓度具有良好的线性关系,线性方程为ΔIRLS=28.33+1241c,r=0.9953.采用该方法对合成样品进行了分析测定,回收率和RSD分别为96.51%~101.38%和2.56%~3.90%,检出限为1.942μg·L^-1.     

Resonance Rayleigh scattering, frequency doubling scattering and second-order scattering spectra of the heparin-crystal violet system and their analytical application

In pH 6.0-11.2 Britton-Robinson buffer solution, binding of heparin with crystal violet (CV) can result in a significant enhancement of resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) and resonance non-linear scattering, such as frequency doubling scattering (FDS) and second-order scattering (SOS). Their maximum scattering wavelengths, λ_ex/λ_em, appear at 492 nm/492 nm for RRS, 984 nm/492 nm for FDS and 492 nm/984 nm for SOS, respectively. The optimum conditions of the reaction, the influencing factors and the relationship between the three scattering intensities and the concentration of heparin have been investigated. New methods for the determination of trace amounts of heparin based on the RRS, FDS and SOS methods have been developed. The methods exhibit high sensitivities, the detection limit for heparin is 2.9 ng ml⁻¹ for the RRS method, 3.5 ng ml⁻¹ for the FDS method and 3.3 ng ml⁻¹ for the SOS method. The methods have good selectivity and were applied to the determination of heparin in heparin sodium injection samples with satisfactory results.     

Resonance Rayleigh scattering spectrum for the chelate of lanthanum(Ⅲ) with sodium tanshinon ⅡA silate and its analytical application

In a pH 3.6-5.0 Hac-NaAc buffer solution, when sodium tanshinon ⅡA silate (STSⅡA) reacts with La(Ⅲ) to form a chelate, the resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) intensity can be enhanced greatly and a new RRS spectrum will appear. The maximum RRS peak is located at 306 nm and the RRS intensity is proportional to the concentration of STSⅡA in a certain range. The method is very sensitive and the detection limit for STSⅡA (3σ/K) is 82.12 ng·mL-1. The optimum reaction conditions and the effect of coexisting substances have been investigated. A new, simple and fast method for the determination of STSⅡA based on RRS method is developed. It can be applied to the determination of STSⅡA in the synthesis samples and Nuoxinkang injection. Combined with infrared absorption and NMR spectra, the structure of the chelate and the reasons of RRS enhancement are also discussed.     

磷钼杂多酸-罗丹明S体系的共振散射光谱研究

在0.14mol·dm^-^3H~2SO~4介质中,PO~4^3^-,MoO~4^2^-与罗丹明S形成磷钼杂多酸-罗丹明S三元缔合物,在610nm处产生一灵敏的共振散射(即瑞利散射)光谱峰,磷浓度在0.2～20μg·dm^-^3范围内与共振散射光强度呈良好线性关系。实验结果表明,本法具有灵敏度高、选择性好等特点,用于水和茶叶试样中磷酸根的测定,结果与示波极谱法的测定结果一致。