Determination of free-carrier and phonon-assisted absorptions for Si-doped GaSb thin layers

Photothermal deflection spectroscopy is used in order to investigate near- and sub-band gap absorption of Si-doped GaSb epilayers deposited by MBE on a semi-insulating GaAs substrate. The optical absorption spectra show an extra absorption on the transparency region below the bandgap due to free-carrier absorption. However, for energies above the gap, we notice a linear behavior of the square root of the absorption coefficient versus the heating beam energy, which is attributed to phonon-assisted absorption. From interpolation of the phonon absorption to low energies we have determined the free-carrier absorption that is found to follow the Drude law.     

Effects of Electron-Phonon Interaction on Linear and Nonlinear Optical Absorption in Cylindrical Quantum Wires

The electron-phonon interaction influences on lineax and nonfineax optical absorption in cylindrical quantum wires （CQW） with an infinite confining potential axe investigated. The optical absorption coefficients are obtained by using the compact-density-matrix approach and iterative method, and the numerical results are presented for GaAs CQW. The results show that the electron-phonon interaction makes a distinct influence on optical absorption in CQW. The electron-phonon interaction on the wave functions of electron dominates the values of absorption coefficients and the correction of the electron-phonon effect on the energies of the electron makes the absorption peaks blue shift and become wider. Moreover, the electron-phonon interaction influence on optical absorption with an infinite confining potential is different from that with a finite confining potential.     

四能级原子系统中电磁感应吸收的相位控制

在以三个电偶极跃迁构成简并N型四能级系统中,利用密度矩阵方程计算了介质对探测场的吸收,研究了激光场拉比相位对吸收的影响.结果表明:介质对探测场的吸收和放大取决于控制场和信号场的拉比相位,且吸收和放大随控制场、信号场的拉比相位改变而作周期性变化,周期为2π;而探测场的拉比相位变化对吸收没有影响.同时,控制场、信号场拉比相位对吸收的影响是相同的,而且拉比相位主要影响原子相干,对原子布居影响不大.     

基于光子晶体异质结构的磁可调石墨烯多带吸收

石墨烯在光电子学领域具有广泛应用,但石墨烯的吸收率较低限制了其在某些方面的应用。为了改善单层石墨烯的吸收特性,在前人研究的基础上,设计了石墨烯和光子晶体异质结构构成的复合结构。利用4×4传输矩阵法研究了外磁场、费米能量和设计波长等参数对石墨烯吸收特性的影响。结果表明,所设计的光学结构使石墨烯既保持了原有的宽吸收带,还增加了数目可调的窄吸收带。由于考虑到磁光效应,石墨烯的吸收特性表现出一定的磁圆二色性。对于各吸收带,通常情况下左旋圆偏振光的吸收率要大于右旋圆偏振光的吸收率。但调节外磁场和费米能量,可使各吸收带具有99%以上的吸收,在一定的条件下,还可实现近完美的100%吸收。研究结果为光电子学领域中基于石墨烯的相关器件的设计提供了参考。     

Effect of Atmospheric Interfering Absorption on Measurement of BTX by DOAS

利用差分吸收光谱技术(DOAS)研究了去除BTX(大气中芳香烃污染物的主要成分)测量中O2、O3和SO2的干扰吸收. 针对O2的非线性吸收以及特征吸收结构随柱浓度的不同而变化的特点,研究了O2吸收组成成份－各个吸收带的非同步变化,即三个Herzberg吸收带与O2二聚体吸收带间的非同步变化,以及三个Herzberg吸收带之间,O2-O2和O2-N2两种二聚体吸收带之间也存在的非同步变化;结合各个吸收带的来源与特点研究了各个吸收带在O2吸收中的比重,以及对O2吸收在大气谱中校准误差的影响,最后得出最佳去除方法并证明了光程插值去除O2吸收的可能性. 针对大气中含量较高的O3与SO2的吸收,主要研究了吸收谱主要的影响因素-温度效应对于O3和SO2吸收结构去除误差的影响,讨论了用插值方法去除O3吸收结构时应选择的最佳温度条件. 最后,通过对实际大气进行了实际监测,获得了与点式仪器GC的检测结果的较好相关性,并得到了较低的BTX的检测限,验证了该方法的可行性.     

Light absorption engineering of hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon by femtosecond laser

The light absorption coefficient of hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon has been engineered to have a Gaussian distribution by means of absorption modification using a femtosecond laser. The absorption-modified sample exhibits a significant absorption enhancement of up to ～700%, and the strong absorption does not depend on the incident light. We propose a model responsible for this interesting behavior. In addition, we present an optical limiter constructed through this absorption engineering method.     

Effects of spontaneously induced coherence on absorption of a ladder-type atom

This paper investigates the effects of spontaneously induced coherence on absorption properties in a nearly equispaced three-level ladder-type system driven by two coherent fields. It find that the absorption properties of this system with the probe field applied on the lower transition can be significantly modified if this coherence is optimized. In the case of small spontaneous decay rate in the upper excited state, it finds that such coherence does not destroy the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Nevertheless, the absorption peak on both sides of zero detuning and the linewidth of absorption line become larger and narrower than those in the case corresponding to the effects of spontaneously induced coherence; while in the case of large decay rate, it finds that, instead of EIT with low resonant absorption, a sharp absorption peak at resonance appears. That is, electromagnetically induced absorption in the nearly equispaced ladder-type system can occur due to such coherent effects.     

基于岩石光谱吸收特征的白云母含量反演

岩石是由多种矿物组成,其反射率光谱吸收特征与矿物含量之间存在紧密联系,矿物光谱在特定波段处的光谱吸收特征是定量估算含量的重要指标之一。为提升岩石光谱吸收特征定量反演矿物含量的准确度与精度,以白云母为研究对象,分析岩石光谱在2.2 μm附近的光谱吸收特征及其白云母含量,采用Savitzky-Golay平滑滤波和连续统去除法对岩石光谱反射率进行处理,进而提取光谱吸收特征参数（吸收深度、吸收宽度、吸收面积）,分析岩石光谱在2.2 μm附近吸收特征与白云母含量之间的相关性。研究中采用单一吸收特征建立统计模型、多维吸收特征建立偏最小二乘法（PLS）和多层感知器（MLP）模型,对岩石中白云母含量与光谱吸收特征参数进行分析,进而提出一种非线性预测岩石中矿物含量的方法。研究结果表明,岩石光谱在2.2 μm附近的光谱吸收特征中,吸收深度与白云母含量之间的相关性最高。基于单一吸收特征的统计模型中,二次曲线模型对吸收深度拟合的效果最佳,R2为0.935 0,RMSE为0.063 0,岩石光谱的吸收深度随白云母丰度满足二次曲线变化,岩石中白云母的含量越高,岩石光谱吸收深度值越大;基于多维光谱吸收特征的PLS模型相较于MLP模型拟合的效果更佳,其R2为0.947 7高于MLP的0.901 2,RMSE为0.002 7低于MLP的0.005 1;整体上,多维模型优于单一维度模型,PLS模型反演能力最佳,该模型在预测白云母含量上具有运算量小、精度高的特点。通过分析岩石在诊断特征处的光谱吸收特征,为其矿物组分的含量等进行定量反演提供理论参考,为矿产资源监测与评估提供快速高效便捷的方法。     

Multichannel selective femtosecond coherent control based on symmetry properties

We present and implement a new scheme for extended multichannel selective femtosecond coherent control based on symmetry properties of the excitation channels. Here, an atomic nonresonant two-photon absorption channel is coherently incorporated in a resonance-mediated (2+1) three-photon absorption channel. By proper pulse shaping, utilizing the invariance of the two-photon absorption to specific phase transformations of the pulse, the three-photon absorption is tuned independently over an order-of-magnitude yield range for any possible two-photon absorption yield. Noticeable is a set of "two-photon dark pulses" inducing widely tunable three-photon absorption.     

Polaron effect on linear and nonlinear intersubband optical absorption of a wurtzite GaN-based nanowire

Based on the density matrix approach and the perturbation treatment, the polaronic effect on the linear and nonlinear intersubband optical absorption coefficients in quasi-one-dimensional wurtzite nanowires (NWs) is investigated. The simple analytical formulas for polaronic states and the linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficients in the NW systems are also deduced. Numerical calculation on a freestanding wurtzite GaN NW is performed. The polaronic effect and quantum size effect as well as the influence of incident optical intensity on the optical absorption properties are analyzed and discussed. The results show that, the polaronic effect results in significant increase of the absorption coefficients, and obvious decrease of saturation absorption intensity. In order to observe strong optical absorption, a nitride NW with relative small radius should be chosen. Moreover, a comparison with the situation of GaN-based quantum well systems is also done, and the profound physics is analyzed reasonably.     

Development in Laser Induced Extrinsic Absorption Damage Mechanism of Dielectric Films

Absorption of host and the temperature-dependence of absorption coefficient have been considered in evaluating temperature distribution in films, when laser pulse irradiates on films. Absorption of dielectric materials experience three stages with the increase of temperature： multi-photon absorption; single photon absorption; metallic absorption. These different absorption mechanisms correspond to different band gap energies of materials, which will decrease when the temperature of materials increases. Evaluating results indicate that absorption of host increases rapidly when the laser pulse will be over. If absorption of host and the temperature-dependence of absorption are considered, the maximal temperatures in films will be increased by a factor of four.     

An investigation of photo-quenching properties of LEC GaAs by using optical and electrical techniques

We have performed a series of novel measurements on n-type GaAs, involving photo-quenching of Schottky capacitance and optical absorption on samples grown from melts of various stoichiometry. Decrease of Schottky capacitance by photo-quenching at temperatures below 130 K, which is normally ascribed to the photo-quenching of EL2 centres, is accompanied by optical absorption bleaching at 1 μm wavelength. After complete bleaching of both Schottky capacitance and optical absorption by EL2 centres at a measurement wavelength of 1 μm, the near-band-edge absorption extending to about 50 meV below E_g, was still present. Photo-quenching of this absorption could be observed but only at temperatures below 45 K. However, no capacitance change related to this absorption bleaching was observed. It follows that the photo-quenching of the near-band-edge absorption cannot be due to EL2 centres and that the absorption mechanisms at 1 μm and close to the band-edge are due to different defects.     

The impact of the neck material on the sound absorption performance of Helmholtz resonators

Helmholtz resonators with sound absorption materials filling the neck may have an improved sound absorption capacity. In this work, parallel perforated ceramics with different perforation diameters were installed into the neck of a Helmholtz resonator to improve its acoustic impedance to simultaneously achieve a better acoustic absorption coefficient and a wider absorption bandwidth. An experimental system was built to investigate the effect of the perforation diameters on the sound absorption performance of the resonator. It is found that nonlinear effects near the resonance frequency affect the resonator?s neck mouth impedance and further its sound absorption performance significantly. For frequency range 50–500 Hz, a model of the neck mouth impedance is developed based on a revised Forchheimer relationship. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical model.     

低温辐射计黑体腔吸收率分析

低温辐射计是目前国际上光辐射功率计量中准确度最高的测量系统,其光辐射测量不确定度可达10-5量级,目前国内仅有少数研究机构从国外引进低温辐射计开展计量研究,亟待发展国产低温辐射计替代进口产品。由于低温辐射计采用低温超导状态下的电替代测量原理进行光辐射功率测量,发展低温辐射计的难点之一在于研制黑体吸收腔这一核心光辐射接收器件,并要求黑体腔在各波长下的吸收率都要达到0.999 9以上。为研制超高光谱吸收率的黑体吸收腔,系统性分析了各影响黑体腔光谱吸收率因素,在此基础上利用蒙特卡罗光线追迹方法重点研究了光谱波长、腔体长度、黑材料漫反射系数、黑材料吸收率和入射光空间位置等对斜底黑体腔光谱吸收率的影响。研究结果表明：在300～1 100 nm波长范围内黑体腔吸收率与其内壁涂黑材料的吸收率呈正相关,且在300～1 000 nm范围内的吸收率都达到了0.999 9以上,其中在700 nm处的吸收率取得最大值0.999 941 5,表明采用该类型黑材料的黑体腔只在300～1 000 nm范围内满足低温辐射计设计要求,后续需要根据仿真和测试结果对低温辐射计在不同波长下的光电不等效性进行修正;在黑体腔结构和口径确定的情况下,黑体腔吸收率将随腔长增加而逐渐升高,在40 mm后变化趋缓,并在65 mm后逐渐趋于平衡,考虑到低温辐射计低温舱对腔体尺寸的限制,认为腔体长度与口径之比为6.5时较为合适;黑体腔吸收率还受黑材料的漫反射系数影响,随着黑材料漫反射系数的提高,腔体吸收率呈现近似线性下降,所以在选择黑体腔涂黑材料时,在吸收率等指标相同的情况下应尽量选择镜面吸收黑;黑材料吸收率从0.8到1的变化过程中,腔体吸收率提升了0.05个百分点,且黑材料吸收率为0.92时腔体吸收率可达到0.999 9以上,表明黑材料在其有效工作波长范围内任一点的光谱吸收率都要大于0.92;腔体吸收率还受入射光投射的空间位置影响,光线位置越靠近斜底腔顶点处,腔体吸收率越高,但整体吸收率变化不明显,光线位置对腔体吸收率影响只有不到0.004个百分点,几乎可以忽略,认为斜底腔不同位置处的吸收率是均匀的。研究结果对低温辐射计黑体腔研制有一定参考价值。     

Saturation of optical absorption in InSb

Saturation of optical absorption in InSb has been observed by using near absorption edge wavelenght radiation of subnanosecond duration at 5.3μm to affect a wavelenght dependence on the optical absorption edge. A nearly three orders of magnitude self-induced enhancement of transparency has been measured for optical energy transmission through the absorption medium. The residual absorption losses are anomalously low.     

Influence of the Coulomb gap on the impurity absorption in AIIIBV semiconductors

Using the interpolation formula, which adequately describes the impurity band structure in a broad energy range regardless of the degree of compensation, an explicit expression is obtained for the light absorption coefficient related to the transitions from the impurity band to the conduction band. It is shown that at low temperatures the absorption coefficient has a clearly expressed absorption threshold. The explicit frequency dependence of the absorption coefficient is derived for a wide frequency range of the incident radiation. The absorption coefficient dependence on the degree of doping of a semiconductor is also studied.     

Analysis and evaluation of idler absorption for quasi-parametric chirped-pulse amplification

Quasi-parametric chirped-pulse amplification(QPCPA) can improve the signal amplification efficiency and stability by inhibiting the back-conversion, in which the idler absorption plays a critical role. This Letter theoretically studies the impacts of idler absorption on the QPCPA performance in both the small-signal and saturation regimes. We demonstrate that there exists an optimal idler absorption that enables the achievement of maximum pump depletion within a minimum crystal length. To overcome the reduction in small-signal gain induced by idler absorption, the configuration of gradient idler absorption is proposed and demonstrated as a superior alternative to constant idler absorption. The results provide guidelines to the design of state-of-the-art QPCPA lasers.     

微穿孔介电弹性体薄膜的吸声性能试验分析*

针对普通薄膜型降噪结构的吸声性能较差和吸声带宽较窄的问题,本文设计了一种微穿孔的介电弹性体薄膜吸声结构。该结构由穿孔的介电弹性体薄膜与背腔组合而成,目的是拓宽介电弹性体薄膜低频率段的吸声带宽。针对微穿孔的介电弹性体薄膜吸声结构,从试验角度分析穿孔薄膜初始厚度、穿孔孔径及穿孔间距对结构吸声性能的影响。分析结果可知：通过适当增加薄膜的初始厚度,薄膜的整体吸声性能得到有效提升,最大可将319Hz吸声频带的吸声系数从0.2提升至0.7;减小薄膜的穿孔孔径能够有效拓宽穿孔薄膜的吸声频带,可使吸声系数0.4以上的吸声带宽由304Hz拓宽至432Hz;适当控制穿孔间距能够达到更好的吸声效果。     

Spectrophotometric investigations of protonated forms of heterocyclic compounds

2,4,6-trimethylpyridine, quinoline, 2-methylquinoline, 4-chlorine-2-methylquinoline, and acridine aromatic heterocycles, as well as protonated forms thereof, are studied by electronic absorption spectroscopy in solution. The influence of protonation on the electronic absorption spectra of heterocycles consists in a long-wavelength shift of the absorption spectrum in comparison with the absorption of initial molecules. The spectra of the protonated forms of all compounds exhibit a relative increase in the intensity of the long-wavelength absorption band compared to the short-wavelength band and a smearing of the vibrational structure in the long-wavelength band.     

Magnetotunneling absorption in double quantum wells

Tunneling absorption is calculated in weakly-coupled n-type asymmetric double quantum wells in an in-plane magnetic field using a linear response theory. Tunneling absorption of photons occurs between the ground sublevels of the quantum wells. We show that the absorption threshold, the resonance energy of absorption, and the linewidth depend sensitively on the magnetic field and the temperature.