Photonic-resonant left-handed medium

A new scheme to realize simultaneously negative permittivity and permeability in a coherent atomic vapor medium (photonic-resonant material) via a coherent driving mechanism is suggested. It is verified that the atomic system coherently driven by a strong optical field will give rise to a negative refractive index in certain probe frequency ranges. One of the most remarkable features of the present scheme is such that a slab fabricated by the left-handed vapor medium is an ideal candidate for designing perfect lenses since the photonic-resonant atomic vapor cannot only exhibit an isotropic negative refractive index, but also provide a good impedance match at the air-medium interfaces.     

Effective medium theory of semiflexible filamentous networks

We develop an effective medium approach to the mechanics of disordered, semiflexible polymer networks and study the response of such networks to uniform and nonuniform strain. We identify distinct elastic regimes in which the contributions of either filament bending or stretching to the macroscopic modulus vanish. We also show that our effective medium theory predicts a crossover between affine and nonaffine strain, consistent with both prior numerical studies and scaling theory.     

奇妙的左手材料

左手材料最早由前苏联科学家Veselago V G在20世纪60年代从理论上提出来的，是指一种介电常数g和磁导率μ同时为负值的材料．它具有诸如负群速度、负折射率、理想成像、逆Doppler频移、反常Cerenkov辐射等种种奇异的物理性质．经过多年的沉寂之后，近几年在实验上取得了突破性的进展，重新引起了人们的重视，尤其是在2003年，还被Science杂志评为当年十大科技进展之一．文章介绍了左手材料的概念和基本原理，并回顾了这一领域近年来的发展．     

非线性左手材料的时域研究

 分析了非线性左手材料模型,推导了非线性左手材料中的时域有限差分法及完美匹配层的计算式。数值模拟了具有Kerr非线性效应的左手材料平板中的电磁波。观察到该材料同样具有电磁聚焦特性。对比线性左手材料,其聚焦点的幅度和位置都会发生偏移。同时改变波源的强度及其到平板边界距离,讨论了不同距离情况下该非线性左手材料平板对电磁波分布的影响。当波源距离材料平板足够远,通过非线性左手材料聚焦的电场强度几乎集中在其外表面。     

Effective medium theory of checkboard structures in the long-wavelength limit

Effective medium theory is a powerful tool to solve various problems for achieving multifarious functionalities and applications. In this article, we present a concise empirical formula about effective permittivity of checkboard structures for different directions. To verify our empirical formula, we perform simulations of checkboard periodic structures in squares, rectangles, and sectors in two dimensions. Our results show that the formula is valid in a large range of parameters. This work provides a new way to understand and design composite materials, which might lead to further optical applications in transformation optics.     

左手性材料研究进展

综述了左手性材料的理论与实验研究方面取得的最新进展．采用电磁理论分析了左手性介质的基本性质；阐述了用左手性介质制作的平板透镜进行实现超衍射分辨率成像的机理；介绍了在人工构造左手性材料方面所取得的实验进展．     

Quantum interference enhancement with left-handed materials

The quantum interference between two spontaneous emission transitions, which are orthogonal, in a three-level system, can be greatly enhanced by using left-handed materials due to the focusing and phase compensation effects. The influence of the dispersion and dissipation of the materials on the quantum interference enhancement is investigated, and the enhancement of quantum interference is still significant. The quantum interference enhancement will result in a large quenching of the spontaneous emission, even if the distance between the materials and systems is larger than 10 wavelengths.     

Negative refractive index in left-handed materials

The real part of the refractive index n(omega) of a nearly transparent and passive medium is usually taken to have only positive values. Through an analysis of a current source radiating into a 1D "left-handed" material (LHM)-where the permittivity and permeability are simultaneously less than zero-we determine the analytic structure of n(omega), demonstrating frequency regions where the sign of Re[n(omega)] must, in fact, be negative. The regime of negative index, made relevant by a recent demonstration of an effective LHM, leads to unusual electromagnetic wave propagation and merits further exploration.     

Effective medium approach for calculations of optical anisotropy in porous materials

We report on a generalized approach for the calculation of optical properties of various porous semiconductors. The presented methodology provides a simple method for predicting the type and value of optical anisotropy in different materials. Specifically, the cases of electrochemically etched mesoporous Si on (110)-oriented substrate and electrochemically-etched porous InP and GaAs materials on (100) substrates are considered. The optical anisotropy of mesoporous Si is explained and the dependence of the optical birefringence of this material on various material parameters is obtained. The optical anisotropy of porous InP and GaAs with crystallographic pores is predicted based on the presented model. PACS 78.20.-e; 78.20.Bh; 78.20.Ci; 78.20.Fm; 78.30.Fs;78.55.Mb     

Design and analysis of doped left-handed materials

We devise three sorts of doped left-handed materials （DLHMs） by introducing inductors and capacitors into the traditional left-handed material （LHM） as heterogeneous elements. Some new properties are presented through finitedifference time-domain （FDTD） simulations. On the one hand, the resonance in the traditional LHM is weakened and the original pass band is narrowed by introducing inductors. On the other hand, the original pass band of the LHM can be shifted and a new pass band can be generated by introducing capacitors. When capacitors and inductors are introduced simultaneously, the resonance of traditional LHM is somewhat weakened and the number of original pass bands as well as its bandwidth can be changed.     

Effective medium theory applied to frequency selective surfaces on periodic substrates

We apply the effective medium theory combined with the conventional periodic method of moments （MoM） to analyze frequency selective surfaces （FSSs） on periodic and anisotropic substrates. Based on the effective medium theory, even periodic and anisotropic substrates can be considered homogeneous; thus, the Green’s function can be obtained. The resulting integral equation can then be solved by the MoM using rooftop basis functions and Galerkin testing functions. We analyze an example using this technique, and the numerical results agree with Fallahi’s full-vector semi-analytical method, showing an increasing difference between the results as the frequencies increase. These results show that the proposed method is effective for analyzing FSSs on periodic and anisotropic substrates.     

自由空间中左手材料传输特性的仿真研究

 研究了左手材料的传输和反射特性,介绍了所仿真的样品形式和测量系统,并采用高频构造仿真方法(HFSS)在已有自由空间宽频测量的基础上进行理论仿真。结果表明：S参量的数字仿真与实验测量结果在宽频条件下达到了较好的一致性;测量中产生的损耗主要归因于铜线结构有限的电导率;理论上左手材料的最佳无损工作频段应高于谐振环的谐振频率。     

自由空间中左手材料传输特性的仿真研究

研究了左手材料的传输和反射特性,介绍了所仿真的样品形式和测量系统,并采用高频构造仿真方法(HFSS)在已有自由空间宽频测量的基础上进行理论仿真。结果表明：S参量的数字仿真与实验测量结果在宽频条件下达到了较好的一致性;测量中产生的损耗主要归因于铜线结构有限的电导率;理论上左手材料的最佳无损工作频段应高于谐振环的谐振频率。     

Characteristics of surface waves in anisotropic left-handed materials

We report the coexistence of TE and TM surface modes in certain same frequency domain at the interface between one isotropic regular medium and another biaxially anistotropic left-handed medium. The conditions for the existence of TE and TM polarized surface waves in biaxially anisotropic left-handed materials are identified, respectively. The Poynting vector and the energy density associated with surface modes are calculated. Depending on the system parameters, either TE or TM surface modes can have the time averaged Poynting vector directed to or opposite to the mode phase velocity. It is seen that the characteristics of surface waves in biaxially anisotropic left-handed media are significantly different from that in isotropic left-handed media.     

High transmittance left-handed materials involving symmetric split-ring resonators

We present theoretical and experimental results for a new design of highly symmetric, multigap split-ring resonators (SRRs), as well as for left-handed materials of a broad and high transmittance left-handed band, achieved by combining those symmetric SRRs with continuous wires. Studying in detail, both theoretically and experimentally, our proposed symmetric SRRs, we proved that they avoid the electric field excitation of the magnetic SRR resonance; thus they are appropriate for the creation of two-dimensional and three-dimensional left-handed materials. Finally, we propose critical design rules for the development of low-loss and broad-band left-handed materials.     

Subwavelength rectangular cavity partially filled with left-handed materials

In this paper, we present the electromagnetic analysis of a rectangular cavity partially filled with a left-handed material slab. Our theoretical investigation shows that there exist novel resonant modes in the cavity, and such a cavity becomes a subwavelength cavity. The eigenvalue equation of the cavity is derived and the resonant frequencies of the novel modes are calculated by using numerical simulation. We also discuss the stability of the novel resonant modes and show the best condition under which a useful rectangular cavity of subwavelength dimensions with tolerable stability is obtained.     

Enhanced transmission by a grating composed of left-handed materials

We present a detailed theoretical analysis about the influence of surface polaritons on the transmission properties of electromagnetic waves at the periodically corrugated interface between the vacuum and left-handed material by using nonlinear boundary condition approach. The principle behind this approach is to match the wave fields across the grating interface by using a set of linear wave equation with nonlinear boundary conditions. The resonant transmission of the incident electromagnetic radiation in this structure is feasible within a certain frequency band, where there is a range of frequency over which both the electric permittivity and the magnetic permeability are simultaneously negative. The enhanced transmission is attributed to the coupling of the incident electromagnetic wave with the excited surface polaritons on grating interface. Finally, we present the numerical results illustrating the effect of the structural parameters and angle of incidence on the transmission spectra of a TM polarized electromagnetic wave.