供应链需求替代与生产流程柔性联合决策研究

通过在供应端引入生产流程柔性或在需求端针对顾客需求采用产品替代均能一定程度上应对需求不确定性对企业运营带来的负面影响,在考虑存在生产流程柔性以及需求替代成本,且只有一定比例的消费者接受产品替代的情形下,文章分析了刚性结构、需求替代、需求替代与部分生产流程柔性以及生产流程全柔性4种情境,研究了生产流程柔性与需求替代两者之间的相互影响及企业最优柔性结构的选择问题,并通过数值分析给出了相关参数设置下的最优选择结果,为现实中企业的柔性结构选择提供了一定的理论基础.     

江苏省能源消费结构对碳排放影响的效应与趋势——基于LMDI和Logistics模型的实证研究

近年来,江苏省能源消费持续增长且以煤为主的能源结构尚未改变,由此引起碳排放量也在逐年增加.主要研究碳排放系数、碳排放的影响因素以及不同能源结构下的碳排放预测.首先对碳排放系数进行计算,然后基于LMDI模型对影响江苏省碳排放的因素进行分析,最后运用1ogistics模型对不同能源结构下的碳排放进行预测.结果发现能源消费过度依赖煤炭是导致碳排放增加的主要因素,天然气每替代煤炭2%或新能源每替代煤炭1%,2030年江苏省碳排放峰值将下降1%.     

基于多项式混沌展开的结构动力特性高阶统计矩计算

结构参数的不确定性会导致其动力特性的不确定性,量化动力特性的不确定性能为结构动力设计分析提供准确的动力信息.统计矩是表征结构动力特性不确定性非常重要的统计量,比如均值和方差.传统的Monte-Carlo(蒙特-卡洛)模拟方法需要大量次数的模型运算来保证结果的收敛,其用于复杂结构的动力特性统计矩计算因耗时太高而使用受限.该文采用多项式混沌展开替代模型来取代计算花费高的有限元模型,然后在替代模型框架下快速有效地计算结构动力特性的统计矩.该方法在建立替代模型之初只需要少量次数有限元分析,后续的统计矩计算无需有限元模型,因此从根本上解决了动力特性统计矩计算花费高的难题.该文的多项式混沌展开方法适用于参数服从任意概率分布,能够有效地计算高阶统计矩,为量化结构动力特性不确定性提供更多统计矩信息.最后通过平铝板算例验证了此方法的有效性.     

权力结构影响下考虑预售的双渠道供应链决策研究

针对存在预售且通过网络与传统渠道销售的现实状况,基于消费者剩余理论和博弈论,构建不同权力结构下的双渠道供应链博弈模型:制造商主导的Stackelberg、权力对等的Vertical Nash和零售商主导的Stackelberg。比较三种权力结构下各成员最优策略及绩效,分析关键因素的敏感性,检验模型的鲁棒性。研究发现:三种博弈下各权力主体的最优策略及绩效均受渠道替代程度、单位生产成本等关键因素影响。渠道替代程度越高,制定的双渠道价格越高;消费者对价格更敏感,预售市场需求呈现向现售市场转移的趋势。     

面向需求的房地产市场投机度界定及诱因辨析

基于理性范式,遵循消费者均衡条件,根据我国面临的局部经济过热背景,推定了房地产投机的实质是需求结构扭曲,而且经济周期影响需求结构的途径是收入和替代效应,据此并借助空间几何方向余弦概念具体界定了房地产市场投机度,进而求解了收入效应和替代效应催生地产泡沫的诱因变量,确定了引发投机度波动的诱因变量变动域,即:货币的边际效用降低率越小,投机度越高;收入增长对投机度影响具有不确定性;缩小包括房地产在内的商品价格的上升幅度、增加非地产投资收益率并稳定地产投资收益率可抑制房地产泡沫.     

Y-Ba-Cu-Sn-O体系的结构和性能

通过YBa₂Cu_³x)Sn_xO_7+y体系样品的结构参数、XPS和Mssbauer谱、电阻-温度关系、氧含量以及热分解温度的综合测量,发现:Sn在该体系中替代了Cu的位置并保持4价状态;在x<0.4范围内Sn替代Cu对晶体结构没有影响,引起T_c的变化也极小;Sn替代Cu使体系的氧含量增加,并明显地影响了Cu的价态,使Cu呈现+3价,实验在结构、氧缺位及电子态方面为认识超导电性的起源提供了一些重要信息,在综合分析实验结果的基础上,本文提出:金属原子与氧原子间的耦合程度决定了体系的超导电性。     

Bi2Sr2Ca1-xYxCu2Oy系超导—绝缘转变中的结构效应

研究了Bi₂Sr₂Ca_1-xY_xCu₂O_y.(BSCYCO)体系中Y替代Ca后材料从超导体向绝缘体的转变过程.研究结果表明,在替代量X=0.4附近发生的从四方到正交的结构转变是BSCYCO超导性消失的直接原因,并发现结构参数c/0.5(a+b)的变化与材料的超导—绝缘—反铁磁这一性能的转变过程有较明显的对应关系.     

基于产品需求替代的两级供应链牛鞭效应分析

考虑两种产品需求替代下的自回归移动平均时间序列,零售商采用最小均方差技术预测市场需求,以订货点法确定订货量的两级供应链牛鞭效应量化模型,并对该模型牛鞭效应的大小及其影响因素进行理论分析和算例验证,研究表明:1)需求替代情形下牛鞭效应的表达式对有无需求替代的情况都适用;2)替代系数对被替代产品的牛鞭效应无影响,对替代产品的牛鞭效应有影响,并且替代系数同替代产品的牛鞭效应变化方向一致;3)需求替代情形下缩短提前期并不一定能减少替代和被替代产品的牛鞭效应.     

线性可替代资源的多阶段分配模型与求解

可替代资源是指在产品生产过程中具有相同功能且能相互替代的资源。本文根据可替代资源之间通常具有的级性替代关系，建立了线性可替代资源的多阶段分配模型，并在产品生产水平与产品需求的加权相对偏最小的目标下，给出了求模型优解的方法．     

核电资源替代煤电资源的临界时点分析模型

随着煤电资源的逐渐耗竭,传统电力资源的替代资源开发成为我国电力可持续发展的重要途径。为探讨核电资源替代煤电资源的经济规律,构建了一个电力资源社会价值评估模型。以电力资源社会价值最大化为目标,运用动态优化理论求解,得出核电资源替代煤电资源的临界替代时点,分析核电资源替代煤电资源的替代条件,剖析电力生产外部性对电力资源配置效率的影响程度及导致电力资源配置低效率的具体原因。认为电力生产部门的外部性影响电力资源的配置效率,阻碍核电资源替代煤电资源的发展进程。就电力生产部门的实际情况提出了相应的政策建议,以促进低碳清洁的核电资源替代煤电资源,实现环境、经济与电力可持续发展。     

Short Book Reviews

Problems in Linear Algebra, by I. V. Proskuryakov. Mir Publishers, Moscow, 1978= 453 pp.

Inequalities: Theory of Majorization and its Applications. by A. W. Marshall and I. Olkin. Academic Press, 1979, 569 pp.

Problems in Linear Algebra, by I. V. Proskuryakov. Mir Publishers, Moscow, 1978. 453 pp. Inequalities: Theory of Majorization and its Applications. by A. W. Marshall and I. Olkin. Academic Press, 1979, 569 pp. Introduction to Numerical Analysis. by F. Stummel and K. Hainer. Scottish Academic Press (in United States, Columbia University Press), 1980. 282 pp., soft cover.

Introduction to Numerical Analysis. by F. Stummel and K. Hainer. Scottish Academic Press (in the United States, Columbia University Press), 1980. 282 pp., soft cover.     

Binary formally self-dual odd codes

Most of the research on formally self-dual (f.s.d.) codes has been developed for binary f.s.d. even codes, but only limited research has been done for binary f.s.d. odd codes. In this article we complete the classification of binary f.s.d. odd codes of lengths up to 14. We also classify optimal binary f.s.d. odd codes of length 18 and 24, so our result completes the classification of binary optimal f.s.d. odd codes of lengths up to 26. For this classification we first find a relation between binary f.s.d. odd codes and binary f.s.d. even codes, and then we use this relation and the known classification results on binary f.s.d. even codes. We also classify (possibly) optimal binary double circulant f.s.d. odd codes of lengths up to 40.     

Free boundary problems in the theory of fluid flow through porous media: Existence and uniqueness theorems

Summary Elliptic free boundary problems in the theory of fluid flow through porous media are studied by a new method, which reduces the problems to variational inequalities: existence and uniqueness theorems are proved. Entrata in Redazione il 3 agosto 1972. Research supported by C.N.R. in the frame of the collaboration between L.A.N. of Pavia and E.R.A. 215 of C.N.R.S. and of Paris University. ? Laboratorio di Analisi Numerica del C.N.R. di Pavia ? and ? Università di Pavia ?. ? Università di Pavia ? and ? G.N.A.F.A. del C.N.R. ?.     

Viscosity approximation methods for a finite family of nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces

By using viscosity approximation methods for a finite family of nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces, some sufficient and necessary conditions for the iterative sequence to converging to a common fixed point are obtained. The results presented in the paper extend and improve some recent results in [H.K. Xu, Viscosity approximation methods for nonexpansive mappings, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 298 (2004) 279-291; H.K. Xu, Remark on an iterative method for nonexpansive mappings, Comm. Appl. Nonlinear Anal. 10 (2003) 67-75; H.H. Bauschke, The approximation of fixed points of compositions of nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 202 (1996) 150-159; B. Halpern, Fixed points of nonexpansive maps, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 73 (1967) 957-961; J.S. Jung, Iterative approaches to common fixed points of nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 302 (2005) 509-520; P.L. Lions, Approximation de points fixes de contractions', C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. A 284 (1977) 1357-1359; A. Moudafi, Viscosity approximation methods for fixed point problems, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 241 (2000) 46-55; S. Reich, Strong convergence theorems for resolvents of accretive operators in Banach spaces, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 75 (1980) 128-292; R. Wittmann, Approximation of fixed points of nonexpansive mappings, Arch. Math. 58 (1992) 486-491].     

The multidimensional plateau problem in Riemannian varieties

This paper is the author's abstract of his dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Physico-Mathematical Sciences. The dissertation was defended on September 29, 1972 at a session of the Council of the Mechanico-Mathematical Faculty of M. V. Lomonosov Moscow University. The official opponents were Prof. V. M. Alekseev, Doctor of Phys.-Mat. Sci.; Prof. D. V. Anosov, Doctor of Phys.-Mat. Sci.; and Prof. M. M. Postnikov, Doctor of Phys.-Mat. Sci.Translated from Matematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 159–167, January, 1973.     

Sensitivity analysis for parametric generalized implicit quasi-variational-like inclusions involving P-η-accretive mappings

In this paper, using proximal-point mapping technique of P-η-accretive mapping and the property of the fixed-point set of set-valued contractive mappings, we study the behavior and sensitivity analysis of the solution set of a parametric generalized implicit quasi-variational-like inclusion involving P-η-accretive mapping in real uniformly smooth Banach space. Further, under suitable conditions, we discuss the Lipschitz continuity of the solution set with respect to the parameter. The technique and results presented in this paper can be viewed as extension of the techniques and corresponding results given in [R.P. Agarwal, Y.-J. Cho, N.-J. Huang, Sensitivity analysis for strongly nonlinear quasi-variational inclusions, Appl. Math. Lett. 13 (2002) 19-24; S. Dafermos, Sensitivity analysis in variational inequalities, Math. Oper. Res. 13 (1988) 421-434; X.-P. Ding, Sensitivity analysis for generalized nonlinear implicit quasi-variational inclusions, Appl. Math. Lett. 17 (2) (2004) 225-235; X.-P. Ding, Parametric completely generalized mixed implicit quasi-variational inclusions involving h-maximal monotone mappings, J. Comput. Appl. Math. 182 (2) (2005) 252-269; X.-P. Ding, C.L. Luo, On parametric generalized quasi-variational inequalities, J. Optim. Theory Appl. 100 (1999) 195-205; Z. Liu, L. Debnath, S.M. Kang, J.S. Ume, Sensitivity analysis for parametric completely generalized nonlinear implicit quasi-variational inclusions, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 277 (1) (2003) 142-154; R.N. Mukherjee, H.L. Verma, Sensitivity analysis of generalized variational inequalities, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 167 (1992) 299-304; M.A. Noor, Sensitivity analysis framework for general quasi-variational inclusions, Comput. Math. Appl. 44 (2002) 1175-1181; M.A. Noor, Sensitivity analysis for quasivariational inclusions, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 236 (1999) 290-299; J.Y. Park, J.U. Jeong, Parametric generalized mixed variational inequalities, Appl. Math. Lett. 17 (2004) 43-48].     

On the convergence of implicit iteration process with error for a finite family of asymptotically nonexpansive mappings

The purpose of this paper is to study the weak and strong convergence of implicit iteration process with errors to a common fixed point for a finite family of asymptotically nonexpansive mappings and nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces. The results presented in this paper extend and improve the corresponding results of [H. Bauschke, The approximation of fixed points of compositions of nonexpansive mappings in Hilbert space, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 202 (1996) 150-159; B. Halpern, Fixed points of nonexpansive maps, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 73 (1967) 957-961; P.L. Lions, Approximation de points fixes de contractions, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. A 284 (1977), 1357-1359; S. Reich, Strong convergence theorems for resolvents of accretive operators in Banach spaces, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 75 (1980) 287-292; Z.H. Sun, Strong convergence of an implicit iteration process for a finite family of asymptotically quasi-nonexpansive mappings, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 286 (2003) 351-358; R. Wittmann, Approximation of fixed points of nonexpansive mappings, Arch. Math. 58 (1992) 486-491; H.K. Xu, M.G. Ori, An implicit iterative process for nonexpansive mappings, Numer. Funct. Anal. Optimiz. 22 (2001) 767-773; Y.Y. Zhou, S.S. Chang, Convergence of implicit iterative process for a finite family of asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces, Numer. Funct. Anal. Optimiz. 23 (2002) 911-921].     

Recent advances in linear analysis of convergence for splittings for solving ODE problems

In the nineties, Van der Houwen et al. (see, e.g., [P.J. van der Houwen, B.P. Sommeijer, J.J. de Swart, Parallel predictor–corrector methods, J. Comput. Appl. Math. 66 (1996) 53–71; P.J. van der Houwen, J.J.B. de Swart, Triangularly implicit iteration methods for ODE-IVP solvers, SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 18 (1997) 41–55; P.J. van der Houwen, J.J.B. de Swart, Parallel linear system solvers for Runge–Kutta methods, Adv. Comput. Math. 7 (1–2) (1997) 157–181]) introduced a linear analysis of convergence for studying the properties of the iterative solution of the discrete problems generated by implicit methods for ODEs. This linear convergence analysis is here recalled and completed, in order to provide a useful quantitative tool for the analysis of splittings for solving such discrete problems. Indeed, this tool, in its complete form, has been actively used when developing the computational codes BiM and BiMD [L. Brugnano, C. Magherini, The BiM code for the numerical solution of ODEs, J. Comput. Appl. Math. 164–165 (2004) 145–158. Code available at: http://www.math.unifi.it/~brugnano/BiM/index.html; L. Brugnano, C. Magherini, F. Mugnai, Blended implicit methods for the numerical solution of DAE problems, J. Comput. Appl. Math. 189 (2006) 34–50]. Moreover, the framework is extended for the case of special second order problems. Examples of application, aimed to compare different iterative procedures, are also presented.     

IFS on a metric space with a graph structure and extensions of the Kelisky-Rivlin theorem

We develop the Hutchinson-Barnsley theory for finite families of mappings on a metric space endowed with a directed graph. In particular, our results subsume a classical theorem of J.E. Hutchinson [J.E. Hutchinson, Fractals and self-similarity, Indiana Univ. Math. J. 30 (1981) 713-747] on the existence of an invariant set for an iterated function system of Banach contractions, and a theorem of L. Máté [L. Máté, The Hutchinson-Barnsley theory for certain non-contraction mappings, Period. Math. Hungar. 27 (1993) 21-33] concerning finite families of locally uniformly contractions introduced by Edelstein. Also, they generalize recent fixed point theorems of A.C.M. Ran and M.C.B. Reurings [A.C.M. Ran, M.C.B. Reurings, A fixed point theorem in partially ordered sets and some applications to matrix equations, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 132 (2004) 1435-1443], J.J. Nieto and R. Rodríguez-López [J.J. Nieto, R. Rodríguez-López, Contractive mapping theorems in partially ordered sets and applications to ordinary differential equations, Order 22 (2005) 223-239; J.J. Nieto, R. Rodríguez-López, Existence and uniqueness of fixed point in partially ordered sets and applications to ordinary differential equations, Acta Math. Sin. (Engl. Ser.) 23 (2007) 2205-2212], and A. Petru?el and I.A. Rus [A. Petru?el, I.A. Rus, Fixed point theorems in ordered L-spaces, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 134 (2006) 411-418] for contractive mappings on an ordered metric space. As an application, we obtain a theorem on the convergence of infinite products of linear operators on an arbitrary Banach space. This result yields new generalizations of the Kelisky-Rivlin theorem on iterates of the Bernstein operators on the space C[0,1] as well as its extensions given recently by H. Oruç and N. Tuncer [H. Oruç, N. Tuncer, On the convergence and iterates of q-Bernstein polynomials, J. Approx. Theory 117 (2002) 301-313], and H. Gonska and P. Pi?ul [H. Gonska, P. Pi?ul, Remarks on an article of J.P. King, Comment. Math. Univ. Carolin. 46 (2005) 645-652].     

Stability of iterative procedures with errors for approximating common fixed points of a couple of q-contractive-like mappings in Banach spaces

Recently, Agarwal, Cho, Li and Huang [R.P. Agarwal, Y.J. Cho, J. Li, N.J. Huang, Stability of iterative procedures with errors approximating common fixed points for a couple of quasi-contractive mappings in q-uniformly smooth Banach spaces, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 272 (2002) 435-447] introduced the new iterative procedures with errors for approximating the common fixed point of a couple of quasi-contractive mappings and showed the stability of these iterative procedures with errors in Banach spaces. In this paper, we introduce a new concept of a couple of q-contractive-like mappings (q>1) in a Banach space and apply these iterative procedures with errors for approximating the common fixed point of the couple of q-contractive-like mappings. The results established in this paper improve, extend and unify the corresponding ones of Agarwal, Cho, Li and Huang [R.P. Agarwal, Y.J. Cho, J. Li, N.J. Huang, Stability of iterative procedures with errors approximating common fixed points for a couple of quasi-contractive mappings in q-uniformly smooth Banach spaces, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 272 (2002) 435-447], Chidume [C.E. Chidume, Approximation of fixed points of quasi-contractive mappings in Lp spaces, Indian J. Pure Appl. Math. 22 (1991) 273-386], Chidume and Osilike [C.E. Chidume, M.O. Osilike, Fixed points iterations for quasi-contractive maps in uniformly smooth Banach spaces, Bull. Korean Math. Soc. 30 (1993) 201-212], Liu [Q.H. Liu, On Naimpally and Singh's open questions, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 124 (1987) 157-164; Q.H. Liu, A convergence theorem of the sequence of Ishikawa iterates for quasi-contractive mappings, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 146 (1990) 301-305], Osilike [M.O. Osilike, A stable iteration procedure for quasi-contractive maps, Indian J. Pure Appl. Math. 27 (1996) 25-34; M.O. Osilike, Stability of the Ishikawa iteration method for quasi-contractive maps, Indian J. Pure Appl. Math. 28 (1997) 1251-1265] and many others in the literature.