气相色谱-串联质谱法测定肉制品中10种挥发性N-亚硝胺类化合物

建立了气相色谱-串联质谱（GC-MS/MS）检测肉制品中10种挥发性N-亚硝胺类化合物残留量的方法。肉制品样品经同时蒸馏萃取法（SDE）萃取，采用冷冻去脂净化法，在多反应监测模式下分析，外标法定量。结果表明，采用优化后的条件，10种挥发性N-亚硝胺类化合物在1.00~1000 μg/L范围内线性关系良好，相关系数均在0.99以上。方法的检出限（LOD，S/N=3）和定量限（LOQ，S/N=10）分别为0.01~0.02 μg/kg和0.04~0.07 μg/kg。选取3种不同类型的肉制品（火腿肠、中式香肠和腌渍腊肉），在空白样品添加水平为LOQ水平、1.0、2.0 μg/kg时，10种挥发性N-亚硝胺类化合物的平均回收率为74.8%~94.3%，相对标准偏差小于8.3%。市售3类肉制品中6种挥发性N-亚硝胺类化合物（N-亚硝基二甲胺、N-亚硝基二乙胺、N-亚硝基吡咯烷、N-亚硝基哌啶、N-亚硝基二丁胺、N-亚硝基二丙胺）均有不同程度检出，且腌渍腊肉中每种挥发性N-亚硝胺类化合物的检出值最高。该方法操作简单，萃取充分，灵敏度高，试剂用量少，可满足实验室大量样品的日常检测需求。     

Analysis of volatile compounds in Herba Asari by single-drop micro-extraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry

A rapid headspace single-drop micro-extraction(mix) gas chromatography mass spectrometry(SDMEGC -MS) for the analysis of the volatile compounds in Herba Asari was developed in this study.A mixed solvent of n-tridecane and butyl acetate(1:1) was finally used for the extraction at 70 C for 15 min with sample amount of 0.750 g and 100 mesh particle size.Under the determined conditions,the pound samples of Herba Asari were directly applied for the analysis.SDME-GC-MS,SPME-GC-MS and SD-GCMS methods were compared and the results showed that SDME-GC-MS method was a simple, inexpensive and effective way to measure the volatile compounds in Herba Asari and could be used for the analysis of volatile compounds in complex samples.     

Multiresidue analysis of anabolic compounds in bovine hair by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

A rapid and specific multiresidue method was developed to perform screening and confirmation of 15 anabolics steroids in bovine hair, namely: dienestrol, DES, hexestrol, 17α- and 17β-estradiol, 17α- and 17β-19-nortestosterone, 17α- and 17β-boldenone, testosterone (β) and epitestosterone (α), ethynylestradiol, α-methyltestosterone, and α- and β-Zearalanol.After methanolic and solid-phase extraction, trimethylsilyl derivatization (TMS) was performed and the derivatized extracts submitted to GC-MS-MS analysis. TMS derivatives of the studied hormones yielded specific MS-MS fragmentation with a high abundance for ions selected in the screening procedure.Validation was performed regarding qualitative parameters: decision limit (CCα), detection capability (CCβ) and specificity. For confirmation, European union criteria 2002/657/EC were considered. Detection capability ranged between 1.0 and 10.0 ng g⁻¹ depending on the compound.     

Analysis of volatile organic compounds in polymers by dynamic headspace and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

An experimental method for the analysis of volatile organic compounds in polymers is described. The technique involves dynamic headspace sampling, collection, and concentration of the volatiles in a cold trap, followed by capillary column gas chromatography/mass spectometry. Flow switching is carried out by the Deans switching technique. Four technical polymers used as pharmaceutical packaging materials have been analyzed in order to demonstrate the method.     

Analysis of acetamiprid in vegetables using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

A new analytical method has been validated for determining the insecticide acetamiprid in vegetables using gas chromatography (OC) and different mass spectrometric detection techniques, such as full-scan mass spectrometry (MS), and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). For this purpose, a previous extraction of the vegetable sample was carried out with ethyl acetate. In GC-MS/MS, the lowest detectable concentration was 0.001 mg kg(-1), the average recovery rates at various fortification levels (0.015 and 0.030 mg kg(-1)) ranged between 82.4 and 85.7% and the relative standard deviations were lower than 12.2% in all cases.     

气相色谱-串联质谱法检测化妆品中25种防腐剂

建立了气相色谱-串联质谱（GC-MS/MS）同时测定化妆品中苯甲酸及其酯类、对羟基苯甲酸酯类、苯氧异丙醇、氯苯甘醚、脱氢乙酸、2，6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、甲基氯异噻唑啉酮和甲基异噻唑啉酮等25种防腐剂的方法。化妆品样品经含0.1 mg/mL L（+）-抗坏血酸甲醇溶液超声提取，以2-辛醇、苯酚、七氯为内标，加入无水硫酸钠脱水，离心过滤后，用GC-MS/MS分析，内标法定量。方法的检出限为0.08~0.99 μg/kg。实验选取了水、乳液、膏霜型3种类型的化妆品基质，在4个加标水平下验证方法的准确度，25种防腐剂的加标回收率为82.3%~119.4%，RSD为0.2~14.3%（n=6）。该方法定性、定量准确，可有效用于化妆品中25种防腐剂的检测。     

气相色谱-串联质谱法测定饮用水、酱油和食醋中四种杀鼠剂

采用气相色谱串联质谱法测定饮用水、酱油和食醋中4种鼠药氟乙酰胺、鼠立死、毒鼠强和杀鼠酮的含量。饮用水样品用固相萃取(苯乙烯二乙烯苯和甲基丙稀酸甲脂聚合物固相萃取柱)富集净化;食醋和酱油样品用乙腈为提取溶剂,加入少量石墨化炭黑去除色素的快速萃取法提取净化,采用INNOWAX弹性的石英毛细管柱分析。结果表明本方法测定选定样品基质的回收率和相对标准偏差分别在57.2%～102.2%,1.9%～9.5%之间;饮用水中除去杀鼠酮的最低检测浓度为2.0μg/L外,其他均小于0.5μg/L;食醋和酱油中杀鼠酮的最低检测浓度为0.10 mg/kg,其他均小于0.025 mg/kg。本方法适用于突发中毒事件中几种食品样品中4种鼠药的同时快速定性和准确定量。     

固相萃取-气相色谱-串联质谱法检测水中18种酚类化合物

当前水中酚类化合物种类不清、危害不明,多种酚类化合物的同时检测方法不成熟,因此建立水中多种酚类化合物同时检测的方法具有重要现实意义。该研究建立了固相萃取结合气相色谱-串联质谱同时检测水中18种酚类化合物的分析方法。实验选择超纯水为空白样品,采用固相萃取技术富集、提取水中的酚类化合物,同时对水样初始pH值、洗脱液的种类、洗脱液的用量等条件进行优化,从而确定出最优的前处理方法,最后利用气相色谱-串联质谱法对不同种类的酚类化合物同时进行定量检测。实验结果表明,在初始水样pH值为3.0、不衍生等条件下,使用10 mL乙酸乙酯洗脱,控制洗脱速度为1 mL/min,经固相柱富集净化,氮吹浓缩后,用气相色谱-质谱仪(EI源)测定,选择离子模式监测,外标法定量。结果表明,以3倍信噪比结合浓度外推法确定方法检出限,为0.04～0.6μg/L; 18种酚类化合物的加标回收率为51.7%～117.3%,相对标准偏差为3.1%～7.4%。应用建立的方法分别检测了河流湖泊水、生活用水、生产用水3大类6种不同的水质。检测结果表明,河流湖泊水中酚类化合物所含种类最多,含量最高。研究建立的方法不需要衍生,简化了前处理...     

气相色谱-串联质谱分析芹菜中26种农药残留

建立了气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)多反应监测(MRM)技术同时测定芹菜中26种农药残留的检测方法。样品经NH2/Carbon固相萃取小柱净化后,以串联质谱作为检测器,多反应监测(MRM)模式进行测定。农药在0.0100～0.200 mg/L时与峰面积有良好的线性关系(r20.9940),检出限(3S/N)为0.10～7.0μg/kg,当添加量在0.0500～0.200 mg/kg时,平均回收率为74.0～119%,相对标准偏差为4.2～14.1%(n=5),能够满足芹菜中多农药残留检测要求。     

气相色谱-串联质谱技术分析烟草中的132种农药残留

利用气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)检测技术,建立了检测烟草中的132种农药残留的高灵敏度方法。分析过程中考察了不同萃取溶剂、不同缓冲盐体系、不同净化剂对目标物回收率的影响。最终确定烟草样品以乙腈进行提取,以N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)与碳18(C18E)的混合净化剂进行净化,氮气吹近干后用正己烷-丙酮(9:1, v/v)复溶,过有机滤膜后进行GC-MS/MS测定,内标法定量。132种农药在20～2000 μg/kg之间线性关系良好(r2 ＞0.99);所有农药的方法定量限(LOQ, S/N=10)均低于20 μg/kg;在50、200、500 μg/kg的加标水平下,除灭蚁灵及六氯苯回收率稍低外,其他农药的平均回收率为68.10%～123.15%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.79%～19.88%。对国际烟草科学研究合作中心(CORESTA)2012年共同实验的烟草样品进行检测,对比本方法与已有的标准方法,其结果一致性较好。该方法准确、可靠,灵敏度好,适用于烟草中132种农药残留的快速筛查与定性、定量分析。     

气相色谱-串联质谱法测定水果中50种农药残留

建立了气相色谱-串联质谱测定水果中50种农药残留的分析方法。考察了无缓冲盐体系、乙酸盐缓冲体系和柠檬酸盐缓冲体系提取水果中50种农药的有效性,并对比了乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷（PSA）吸附剂净化和SinChERS-Nano柱净化两种净化方法。结果表明,存在缓冲盐体系的QuEChERS方法提取效果更好且两种缓冲盐体系无明显差别,最后选择乙酸盐缓冲体系;通过比较净化效果和总离子流色谱图,发现SinChERS-Nano柱净化的效果更好。对50种农药进行加标回收试验,发现甲胺磷、乙酰甲胺磷、氧化乐果、三氯杀螨醇、百菌清这5种农药回收率为71.2~129.2%,其他45种农药的回收率为79.1~122.3%。方法的检出限（LOD）为0.3~3.0 μ g/kg;定量限（LOQ）为1.0~10.0 μ g/kg。该方法适用于柑橘、葡萄等水果中50种农药残留的快速筛查分析。     

气相色谱-串联质谱法测定土壤中的邻苯二甲酸酯

建立了土壤中6种邻苯二甲酸酯的气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)分析方法。土壤样品用超声提取,以二氯甲烷-丙酮(1:1, v/v)混合溶液为提取溶剂,提取液经Florisil小柱净化后,经HP-5MS色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm)分离,利用MS/MS的多反应监测(MRM)模式进行定性和定量。结果表明本方法可对样品中的邻苯二甲酸酯进行分析,在10～1000 μg/L质量浓度范围内,线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9973～0.9976;6种邻苯二甲酸酯的相对标准偏差(RSD)不大于14.3%, 2 μg/kg和10 μg/kg两个加标水平的回收率为72.9%～106.2%; 6种目标化合物的检出限为0.1～0.5 μg/kg。该方法快速准确、背景干扰较少、分析灵敏度较高,适用于土壤样品中邻苯二甲酸酯的分析。     

气相色谱-串联质谱技术分析烟草中49种农药残留

采用改进的QuEChERS(quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe)前处理法,结合气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)技术建立了检测烟草中49种农药残留的分析方法。样品用含0.1%乙酸的乙腈溶液提取,提取液被氮吹至干后,残渣用乙腈-乙酸乙酯(1:1, v/v)溶液溶解,溶解液经N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)吸附剂、无水MgSO4、C18吸附剂净化后,直接进行GC-MS/MS测定,内标法定量。实验结果表明,49种农药在低质量浓度(0.05 μg/L)的加标水平下的平均加标回收率为60.4%～104.8%,高质量浓度(5 μg/L)的平均加标回收率为70%～115%,相对标准偏差均小于15%;其中16种农药的方法检出限(LOD)分别为0.01～0.03 μg/kg,其余33种农药的LOD均小于0.01 μg/kg;相关系数都大于或等于0.991。该方法样品前处理简单、分析时间短、灵敏度和精密度均符合农药多残留痕量检测技术的要求,适用于烟草中多种农药残留的检测。     

Detection of volatile organic sulfur compounds in water by headspace gas chromatography and membrane inlet mass spectrometry

Two gas chromatographic methods, GC-FID (flame ionization detection) and GC-ELCD (electrolytic conductivity detector) are compared in tlie analysis of volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSCs) in water samples with a membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) technique. Carbon disulfide, ethanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, ethyl-methyl sulfide, thiophene, and dimethyl disulfide were used as test compounds. Linear dynamic ranges were found to be two decades with the GC-ELCD method and four decades with the GC-FID and MIMS methods. Detection limits were at low (μg/1 levels with the two gas chromatographic methods and clearly below μg/1 level with the MIMS method. Analysis of one sample takes 40 min with the gas chromatographic methods and five minutes with the MIMS method. The selectivity was good, especially with the GC-ELCD and the MIMS method. In addition, quantitative results obtained with spiked water samples by the three methods are compared.     

液相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用测定污泥中的全氟化合物

全氟化合物是一种新型持久性有机污染物,污水处理厂是其一个主要污染来源。目前还没有建立起一种统一的污泥样品中全氟化合物的分析方法。本文报道了一种基于液相萃取和高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用技术测定污泥中的7种全氟烷基羧酸及其2种不饱和氟调酸前体物、2种全氟烷基磺酸及其5种磺酰胺衍生物前体物的方法。实验对萃取剂(甲醇)的pH值、超声萃取温度与时间、洗脱剂体积进行了优化,确定了中性溶剂、40℃下超声萃取10min,Envicarbon柱净化的前处理方法,并成功地应用于实际污泥样品中全氟化合物的测定。方法的回收率为74%～141%(不饱和氟调酸除外),线性范围为0.1～20μg/L(羧酸系列)及0.25～50μg/L(磺酸系列)内线性关系良好(r20.99),定量限为0.6～30μg/kg(干重)。内标物质的使用可有效消除环境基质引起的仪器离子抑制现象,使定量更加准确。     

Determination of naphthalene-derived compounds in apples by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Naphthylacetic acid, naphthyloxy acetic acid and naphthylacetamide belong to a group of synthetic substances known as “auxin-like” compounds which are used as growth regulators in vegetables and fruits due to their structure similarities with the indoleacetic acid, the most important plant auxin. This paper reports a selective, sensitive and fast ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) method for the determination of naphthylacetamide (NAD) and the isomers (α and β) of naphthylacetic acid (NAA) and naphthyloxy acetic (NOA) acid in apple samples. A baseline separation between the respective isomers was achieved using an RP-Amide column with gradient elution. The UHPLC-MS/MS method developed, using electrospray and selected reaction monitoring (SRM) acquisition mode led to a reliable determination of these family of compounds in apple samples at low quantitation levels, down to 1.0 μg kg⁻¹ and 0.25 μg kg⁻¹ respectively. For confirmation of NAA accurate mass measurement is proposed giving at these conditions quantitation limits of 10 μg kg⁻¹ for this compound. The UHPLC-MS/MS method developed was used for the analysis of apple samples harvested in three different apple fields from Lleida (Spain) during the blooming period. NAD and NAA were found in samples collected during 4–5 weeks after application at concentrations between the quantification limits and 43 μg kg⁻¹ and 24 μg kg⁻¹, respectively.     

Identification of phenolic compounds in artichoke waste by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

A new fast and efficient method combining liquid chromatography coupled to ionspray mass spectrometry in tandem mode with negative ion detection is described for the qualitative analysis of artichoke waste. Forty-five phenolic compounds were identified on the basis of their mass spectra in full scan mode, mass spectra in different MS-MS modes, and retention times compared with those of available reference substances. The major compounds were found to be both caffeoylquinic and dicaffeoylquinic acids, luteolin glucuronide, luteolin galactoside, quercetin, and some quercetin glycosides.     

Characterization of the volatile organic compounds of Italian 'Fossa' cheese by solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Fossa cheese is an Italian hard cheese, ripened for up to 3 months in underground pits dug into tuffaceous rock. During this period, the cheese develops a unique flavour and intense and somewhat piquant aroma. Solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS) was utilized to characterize the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of Fossa cheese. A total of 75 VOCs were separated and identified; in particular, the major class of compounds found in the cheeses ripened in the pits were the esters of fatty acids. Discriminant analysis of volatile profiles allowed us to distinguish between cheeses in different stages of seasoning (60-day-old cheese and cheese ripened an additional 90 days in and out of the pits).