基于光场一阶关联的时域成像

与通常利用二阶强度关联测量实现时域鬼成像不同,本文利用时域热光源借助干涉仪通过一阶关联实现时域成像.基于空域光束的近轴衍射和时域窄带脉冲在色散介质中色散之间的空间-时间二象性,在时域脉冲响应函数的基础上得到了表征一阶关联时域成像的强度表达式,分析研究了光源脉冲宽度和相干时间对成像可见度和分辨率的影响.结果一方面表明基于热光场一阶关联的时域成像在不需要额外色散补偿或消除条件下可以实现时域物体信号的再现,另一方面表明当光源脉冲宽度一定时,成像可见度随光源脉冲相干时间的增加而增加,但是成像分辨率逐渐降低,其中当光源脉冲宽度约为100 ps,相干时间约为0.5 ps时,间隔为20 ps,宽度为8 ps的时域矩形波型物体的成像质量(兼顾可见度和分辨率)较好.该结果对于基于热光一阶关联的时域成像在时序信号测量中的应用具有重要意义.     

高阶差值筛选鬼成像方案研究

鬼成像提供了一种运用常规手段难以获得清晰图像的方法,能够解决一些常规成像技术不易解决的问题,是近些年来量子光学领域的前沿和热点之一。提出了一种基于少量数据预处理的差值筛选鬼成像恢复重建方法。该方法利用闲置光路测得的强度值和桶探测器测得的强度值的差值作为筛选门限,并且只选取少量差值进行预处理而无需对所有差值求平均得到筛选门限。将该方法应用于高阶鬼成像方案,分析高阶差值筛选鬼成像方案的可见度、峰值信噪比和阶数N的关系。研究结果表明,该方案可获得与对应鬼成像性能相当的成像质量,但重建时间明显少于对应鬼成像方案。随着阶数N的增加,成像可见度得到提高;当N足够大时理论上可见度可以接近1。同时可见度的增加将以峰值信噪比为代价,当阶数N由2阶增加到9阶时,图像的峰值信噪比下降了26.3%。     

光的偏振对热光关联成像的影响

根据完全偏振光的不同偏振态和部分偏振光的不同偏振度对二阶关联函数的影响,利用统计光学理论研究了光的不同偏振性质对关联成像的可见度和信噪比的影响.研究表明,光的偏振对热光关联成像的影响体现在部分偏振光的不同偏振度上,关联成像的可见度是偏振度的二次函数,由二阶关联函数方法得到的信噪比随着偏振度增大而提高,而利用减去背景项的二阶关联函数以及二阶相干度方法得到的信噪比均与偏振度无关. 关键词： 关联成像 偏振 可见度 信噪比     

用四波混频对反射型物体进行消畸变成像

本文讨论了一种利用简并四波混频对反射型物体消畸变成像的方法,给出了存在两层位相畸变介质时一个反射点和一个反射型物体的消畸变成像的实验结果.     

基于统计光学的无透镜鬼成像数值模拟与实验验证

作为量子信息领域分支的鬼成像,由于物体的像将出现在不包含物体的光路上的特点,使得这一领域的研究引人入胜。一度认为,只有基于纠缠态双光子的纠缠光源,才能实现鬼成像;但近年来的研究表明,经典热光场也能实现这一过程。从经典统计光学入手,建立了热光场的数值模型,模拟符合热光特性的光场变化、光场传播、以及物体透射函数对热光场的调制,进而从光强度起伏的关联函数中,分别重现振幅型物体和纯相位型物体的傅里叶变换图像;通过与真实实验结果的对比,表明基于统计光学原理的该数值模型所预测的实验结果,与真实的实验结果完全一致。     

基于压缩感知的差分关联成像方案研究

关联成像可提供一种运用常规手段难以获得清晰图像的方法, 能够解决一些常规成像技术不易解决的问题, 是近些年来量子光学领域的前沿和热点之一.本文提出一种基于压缩感知的差分关联成像方案(简称, 差分压缩关联成像方案), 将高斯分布的热光源强度分布作为压缩感知的测量矩阵, 差分物体信息作为被成像物体信息, 利用差分关联成像方案的高成像信噪比和压缩感知技术的低采样次数, 通过正交匹配追踪算法, 高质量地恢复出物体信息. 并以二灰度“双缝”、“NUPT”, 多灰度Lena图和Boats图为例, 数值仿真差分压缩关联成像过程; 同时将本方案350次测量的结果与差分关联成像方案30000次测量的结果进行对比, 研究结果表明针对不同的被成像物体(二灰度“双缝”、“NUPT”, 以及多灰度Lena图和Boats图), 10次成像的均方误差平均值分别降低了97.7%, 93.9%, 92.5%和71.4%; 与压缩鬼成像方案相比, 同样测量次数条件下均方误差值对于二灰度双缝和多灰度Lena图、Boats图等目标物 体分别有50.4%, 72.9%和66.8%的降低. 差分压缩关联成像方案极大地提高了成像信噪比, 降低了成像时间. 关键词： 关联成像 差分 压缩感知 均方误差     

部分相干X光傅里叶变换鬼成像研究

鬼成像中通常是采用相干光辐照散射屏获取赝热光源,但是在X光波段,赝热光源的入射光为部分相干光,其空间部分相干性会对成像质量产生较大影响。采用高斯谢尔模型,理论分析了入射光的部分相干性对赝热X光二阶关联函数的影响,同时给出了基于统计光学的模拟结果,与理论结果吻合,均表明X光空间相干性会影响鬼成像的可见度和分辨率。在空间相干性有限的情况下,通过在散射屏前置尺寸与X光横向相干尺寸相当的针孔可以抑制部分相干性的影响,提高X光傅里叶变换鬼成像的可见度,将有利于实现X光傅里叶变换鬼成像技术的广泛应用。     

X光傅里叶变换关联成像赝热光源研究

高质量赝热光源是实现X光关联成像技术在显微领域应用的关键。X光傅里叶变换关联成像的赝热光源通过随机孔屏调制X光获得,在此基于统计光学分析了调制后X光散斑场的统计特性,并通过数值模拟分析了随机孔屏参数对散斑场特性及成像质量的影响。结果表明,随机孔屏引入的相位差变化为π时,关联成像对比度达到最优值。对于振幅型随机孔屏,成像对比度随着占空比的减小而增大;对于相位型随机孔屏,成像对比度随着占空比的减小而减小。实际X光傅里叶变换关联成像系统中使用的复振幅型随机分布金属孔屏,通过选择合适的透过率和占空比可以实现高对比度关联成像。     

基于数字微镜器件的“后视”关联成像

传统成像的必要条件是相机对着物体。由于障碍物的遮挡,传统成像在很多时候都不能得到目标物体理想的像,但在关联成像机制下,借助一些障碍物的漫反射,适当调整反射的角度,可以实现相机在镜头不对着物体正面的情况下对目标正面成像,这在传统成像中,一般只能通过镜面反射才能做到。利用数字微镜器件(DMD)调制普通光源,可以改进传统的关联成像,省去参考光路的测量。而且,数字微镜器件使得例如发光二极管这种普通的光源也可以用来实现关联成像,对工程实现有重要意义。     

探究微观世界的新方法——X 射线傅里叶变换鬼成像

鬼成像是一种基于光场涨落的量子或者经典关联特性,通过测量参考光场与目标探测光场之间的强度关联(二阶关联)函数,从而非局域地获取目标图像信息的新型成像技术。所谓非局域,可以通俗地理解为不用“盯”着物体,就能得到物体的像。鬼成像最初是利用具有纠缠特性的光子对完成的,所以早期人们认为只有具有量子纠缠特性才能实现鬼成像,这是一种量子效应。随后,人们发现量子纠缠不是实现鬼成像的必要条件,基于经典光场的强度(即光强)时空涨落和关联同样可以实现鬼成像。很快,对经典热光源实现关联成像也给出了理论解释。此后,人们对鬼成像的实现光源有了比较一致的认识,认为量子纠缠光源和经典的热光源都可以用来实现鬼成像。近年来,随着鬼成像技术的快速发展,为X射线高分辨成像提供了新思路。在无需透镜的情况下,可以利用非相干赝热X射线,在菲涅尔区获得与相干衍射成像相同的傅里叶变换图,即X射线傅里叶变换鬼成像(FGI)。FGI 对X射线源的空间相干性要求不高,可以使用实验室X射线源,具有广阔的应用前景。     

强度涨落在热光鬼成像中的作用

热光鬼成像的图像质量在实际应用中具有重要作用. 通过理论分析和数值模拟, 发现光场的强度涨落程度会影响热光鬼成像的对比度, 基于此, 提出可以通过调节热光场的平均强度和强度波动的方差来提高成像对比度, 并且研究了这一方法对成像信噪比的影响. 将这种方法与另一种提高成像对比度的方法——高阶鬼成像进行了对比, 所得结果将有助于提高对热光鬼成像的理解. 关键词： 鬼成像 强度涨落 对比度 信噪比     

Effects of light intensity on reflective ghost imaging

In this letter, we analyze the effects of light intensity find that the brightness of reflective ghost image can on reflective ghost imaging with thermal source. We be changed by modulating the light intensity of the source and the splitting ratio of the beam splitter. The signal-to-noise ratio will be improved by increa.sing the light intensity of the source. More important, we can obtain the reflective ghost image with high image quality by adopting a low light intensity signal beam and a high light intensity reference beam, which is better than the classical optical imaging, because it can reduce the effects of light on the object.     

Iterative filtered ghost imaging

It is generally believed that, in ghost imaging, there has to be a compromise between resolution and visibility. Here we propose and demonstrate an iterative filtered ghost imaging scheme whereby a super-resolution image of a grayscale object is achieved, while at the same time the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and visibility are greatly improved, without adding complexity. The dependence of the SNR, visibility, and resolution on the number of iterations is also investigated and discussed. Moreover, with the use of compressed sensing the sampling number can be reduced to less than 1% of the Nyquist limit, while maintaining image quality with a resolution that can exceed the Rayleigh diffraction bound by more than a factor of 10.     

Reflective ghost imaging free from vibrating detectors

The vibration is one of the important factors affecting imaging quality of conventional remote sensing imaging because the relative motion between the imaging system and the target can result in the degradation of imaging quality. The influence of the vibration of the detector in the test path on reflective ghost imaging(RGI) is investigated theoretically and experimentally. We analyze the effects of the vibrating amplitude and velocity. The results demonstrate that the microvibrations of the bucket detector have almost no impact on the imaging resolution and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) of RGI, i.e., the degradation of imaging quality caused by the vibration of the detector can be overcome to some extent. Our results can be helpful for remote sensing imaging.     

High-order ghost imaging with N-colour thermal light

High-order ghost imaging with thermal light consisting of N different frequencies is investigated. The high-order intensity correlation and intrinsic correlation functions are derived for such N-colour light. It is found that they are similar in form to those for the monochromatic case, thus most of the conclusions we obtained previously for monochromatic Nth-order ghost imaging are still applicable. However, we find that the visibility of the N-colour ghost image depends strongly on the wavelength used to illuminate the object, and increases as this wavelength increases when the test arm is fixed. On the contrary, changes of wavelength in the reference arms do not lead to any change of the visibility.     

Ghost images reconstructed from fractional-order moments with thermal light

We present the joint probability density function(PDF) between the bucket signals and reference signals in thermal light ghost imaging, by regarding these signals as stochastic variables. The joint PDF allows us to examine the fractional-order moments of the bucket and the reference signals, in which the correlation orders are fractional numbers,other than positive integers in previous studies. The experimental results show that various images can be reconstructed from fractional-order moments. Negative(positive) ghost images are obtained with negative(positive) orders of the bucket signals. The visibility and peak signal-to-noise ratios of the diverse ghost images depend greatly on the fractional orders.     

Correlations of Multiplexed Quantum Ghost Images and Improvement of the Quality of Restored Image

The currently used ghost-image schemes traditionally involve two-mode entangled light states or incoherent radiation. Here, we consider the application of four-mode entangled light states and show that multiplexed ghost images (MGI) formed by four-mode entangled quantum light states have mutual spatial correlations determined by the eighth-order field correlation functions. We develop a special algorithm to calculate high-order correlations of Bose operators. We also demonstrate that accounting of the MGI correlations allows us to improve the quality of the restored image of an object while processing the MGI by the measurement reduction method. We carry out computer modeling of the image recovery from the MGI. We establish that in the considered example the signal-to-noise ratio of the reduced ghost image is 4.6 times higher than the best signal-to-noise ratio for the ghost images themselves.     

Performance of third-order ghost imaging with second-order intensity correlation

The third-order ghost imaging with the second-order intensity correlation is theoretically and experimentally demonstrated.The resolution and visibility of the reconstructed image are discussed,and the relationship between resolution and visibility is analyzed.The theoretical results show that a tradeoff exists between the visibility and resolution of the reconstructed image;the better the image resolution,the worse the image visibility.Numerical simulations are carried out to verify this theory,and a ghost...     

Color ghost imaging via sparsity constraint and non-local self-similarity

We propose a color ghost imaging approach where the object is illuminated by three-color non-orthogonal random patterns. The object’s reflection/transmission information is received by only one single-pixel detector, and both the sparsity constraint and non-local self-similarity of the object are utilized in the image reconstruction process. Numerical simulation results demonstrate that the imaging quality can be obviously enhanced by ghost imaging via sparsity constraint and nonlocal self-similarity(GISCNL), compared with the reconstruction methods where only the object’s sparsity is used. Factors affecting the quality of GISCNL, such as the measurement number and the detection signal-to-noise ratio, are also studied.