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《高分子学报》2015,(1)
采用“Post-Modification”技术在二甲基亚砜中直接对聚丙烯酰胺进行烷基化反应,接枝二茂铁官能团(Fc),制备出一种具有氧化还原性质的二茂铁改性聚丙烯酰胺(PAM-Fc).通过红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁氢谱(1H-NMR)、热失重(TGA)、电化学、动态流变测试等方法对PAM-Fc的化学结构、电化学活性和流变特性进行了表征.研究结果表明,PAM-Fc具有氧化还原性,相比PAM呈现更好的热稳定性,这主要源于Fc基团稳定了PAM分子链的自由基.Fc基团在水溶液中的疏水缔合作用会导致体系黏度显著增大.通过添加NaCl、β-环糊精或H2O2等可以对PAM-Fc水溶液的黏度进行有效调控.其中,NaCl可以屏蔽PAM-Fc分子链上的电荷,β-环糊精能够包合Fc基团,H2O2则可将疏水的还原态Fc基团氧化成亲水的氧化态Fc,从而实现PAM-Fc水溶液流变行为的调节. 相似文献
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采用小幅低频振荡和界面张力弛豫技术, 研究了部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(Mo-4000)和阴离子表面活性剂2-丙基-4,5-二庚基苯磺酸钠(377)体系在癸烷/水界面上的扩张黏弹性质, 并考察了电解质对体系界面流变性质的影响. 研究结果发现, 低表面活性剂浓度时, 聚合物的加入大大降低了扩张模量; 而高表面活性剂浓度时, 聚合物的存在导致了界面膜更接近弹性膜. 一方面电解质压缩双电层, 增加界面膜的紧密程度, 造成高频条件下扩张模量增大; 另一方面, 电解质增强表面活性剂分子在界面与体相间的扩散交换作用, 增大了扩张模量的频率依赖性, 造成低频条件下扩张模量降低. 相似文献
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利用悬挂滴方法研究了疏水改性聚丙烯酰胺(HMPAM)对胜利采油厂高温高盐油藏采出原油中酸性活性组分和沥青质界面膜扩张流变性质的影响,考察了不同活性组分浓度条件下的界面扩张流变行为.实验结果表明:1750mg·L-1HMPAM能够在界面上形成网络结构,界面扩张模量数值高达100mN·m-1左右;油相中的酸性组分随着老化时间增加吸附到界面上,与HMPAM分子的疏水改性部分形成聚集结构,一方面通过快速的扩散交换过程大大降低扩张模量,另一方面通过与疏水改性部分的相互作用加强HMPAM分子间的缔合强度,增强网络结构的弹性.沥青质分子尺寸相对较大,分子间存在氢键等较强的相互作用,造成沥青质界面聚集体和HMPAM形成的网络结构共同决定界面膜性质,混合膜的扩张模量较单独HMPAM体系仅略有降低. 相似文献
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通过蠕变和振荡实验分别测定了部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(PHPA)水溶液的零剪切黏度(η0)和线性黏弹区储能模量(G'), 并依据其浓度依赖性得到叠加浓度(C*)和交叠浓度(C*), 考察了温度、pH值和电解质(NaCl和CaCl2)浓度的影响. 结果表明, 随着温度的升高和电解质浓度的增大, PHPA水溶液的η0及G'减小, C*和C*增大; 电解质阳离子价态越高, 溶液黏度和临界浓度的变化越显著; 而随着pH值的增大, η0及G'先增大后减小, C*和C*先减小后增大. 相似文献
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水解聚丙烯酰胺溶液粘弹特性的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过锥板测量系统对水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)溶液的粘弹性进行了研究.结果表明, 这种锥板测量系统能较灵敏地检测出溶液粘弹性结构的存在,并得到了聚合物溶液的弹性成份和粘性成份的关系.发现随着HPAM溶液浓度的增大,聚合物溶液的弹性成份起初迅速增大,随后增大的趋势变慢而趋于平缓,在经历一最大值后又略有下降.在剪切速率7773; =0.36 s-1下,超高分子量的HPAM(M=1.65×107)溶液(c = 1.5 g·L-1)具有明显的粘弹特性;随着盐的加入,溶液的粘弹性下降,当盐浓度达到一定值的时候,溶液内部的网络结构遭到破坏,其弹性行为完全消失.对于聚丙烯酰胺(PAAM, M=2.0×105)溶液(c = 2.0 g·L-1)在剪切速率(7773;=0.36~1.36 s-1)范围内没有观察到粘弹行为,只在7773;≥1.65 s-1时,才能观察到微弱的粘弹现象. 相似文献
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The effects of thermal history on the rheological properties of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide/sodium dodecyl sulfate complex aqueous solutions have been studied using both steady shear and dynamic temperature sweep characterizations. An abnormal rheological behavior was found that dynamic moduli of the aqueous solutions increased, while the viscosity decreased after thermal treatment,which could help to gain insight into the micro-phase evolution of the polymer/surfactant complex aqueous solutions and its dependence on temperature 相似文献
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Aggregation behavior of didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) in aqueous solution was investigated using negative-staining and freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods. With the concentration increase, the vesicle size enlarged from the range of 100–200 nm to 500–3000 nm and the structure transform from unilamella to multilamella. Rheological and viscosity measurement results indicated that the system exhibited a gel-like material characteristic and shearing thinning in property, as shown that the apparent viscosity decreased gradually during the shear rate ascended from 1 × 10?4–1 × 104 s?1. Furthermore, the relationship between aggregate conformation and solution rheological properties was discussed. 相似文献
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部分水解聚丙烯酰胺/柠檬酸铝胶态分散凝胶体系的剪切稠化现象 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
一般认为 ,能够产生剪切稠化现象的体系为分散稳定的固 -液浓悬浮体 ,分散相 (固相 )体积分数 30 %~ 6 0 % [1~ 4] .最近 ,我们在研究固含量仅为 0 .0 3%的部分水解聚丙烯酰胺 (简称PHPA) /柠檬酸铝胶态分散凝胶体系流变性时 ,也发现了剪切稠化现象 .胶态分散凝胶( CDG)主要由交联剂在单个聚合物分子中通过内交联形成[5,6] ,形成条件是低聚合物质量分数 (一般为 0 .0 1 %~ 0 .1 2 % )和低交联剂 /聚合物质量比 (一般为 1∶ 2 0~ 1 0 0 ) .由于不能象常规凝胶一样形成三维网络结构 ,因而 CDG的分子结构状态介于常规聚合物凝胶和自由… 相似文献
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Rosangela Regia Lima Vidal Fábio Pereira Fagundes Sonia Maria Cabral de Menezes Naira Machado da Silva Ruiz Rosangela Balaban Garcia 《Macromolecular Symposia》2005,229(1):118-126
Summary: In this paper, the properties of a partially hydrolysed polyacrylamide with a low charge density and chitosan mixtures were evaluated in an aqueous acid solution. The formation of a soluble complex was followed by conductometry and potentiometry, and the stoichiometry at the titration endpoint was investigated as a function of the polyanion added. The influence of salts on the titration endpoint and on the rheological behavior of the mixed solutions was also studied. The mixture of equal concentration of both polymers, in the absence of salt, presented synergy, with a significant viscosity increase. Nevertheless, in the presence of salts, this mixture presented minimum viscosity. These results were discussed as a function of the polymers structural features and the environment used in the study. 相似文献
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Spontaneous vesicle formation was observed in aqueous mixtures of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide and single-tailed cationic surfactants. The influences of pH, addition of long-chain alcohols, variation of hydrocarbon chain length, and head group size of the cationic surfactants were investigated systematically. It was found that 30-50% hydrolyzed degree of polyacrylamide and cationic surfactants with 10 or 12 methylene groups are suitable for vesicle formation in the mixed aqueous systems at pH 9.2. Addition of long-chain alcohols was found to be helpful for vesicle formation in some cases. The vesicle stability was also investigated at various temperatures and amounts of ethanol addition. Copyright 2001 Academic Press. 相似文献
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以四异丙氧基钛(TTIP)为钛源, 采用溶胶-凝胶及水热合成方法, 制备了不同Eu3+含量的TiO2纳米晶催化剂, 运用载射线衍射谱、紫外-可见漫反射光谱仪、X射线光电子能谱仪和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪等手段对催化剂晶型、微晶尺寸、表面状态、组成及光学性能进行表征.结果表明, 所制备的样品均为锐钛矿型纳米晶, 粒子尺寸在9 nm左右, 铕以Eu2O3的形式存在于TiO2的晶格间隙. 在紫外光条件下降解部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM), 通过比较Eu3+的不同掺杂量对催化活性的影响, 得出Eu3+的最佳掺杂量为2.4%(w), 矿化率最终可达67%. 通过液质联机测定HPAM降解的中间产物, 推断了Eu3+/TiO2降解HPAM的机理. 相似文献