Critical coupling in plasmonic resonator arrays

We report critical coupling of electromagnetic waves to plasmonic cavity arrays fabricated on Moiré surfaces. Dark field plasmon microscopy imaging and polarization dependent spectroscopic reflection measurements reveal the critical coupling conditions of the cavities. The critical coupling conditions depend on the superperiod of the Moiré surface, which also defines the coupling between the cavities. Complete transfer of the incident power can be achieved for traveling wave plasmonic resonators, which have a relatively short superperiod. When the superperiod of the resonators increases, the coupled resonators become isolated standing wave resonators in which complete transfer of the incident power is not possible. Analytical and finite difference time domain calculations support the experimental observations.     

Sagnac effect in coupled-resonator slow-light waveguide structures

We study the effect of rotation on the propagation of electromagnetic waves in slow-light waveguide structures consisting of coupled microring resonators. We show that such configurations exhibit a new type of Sagnac effect which can be used for the realization of highly compact integrated rotation sensors and gyroscopes.     

Modal coupling in traveling-wave resonators

High-Q traveling-wave-resonators can enter a regime in which even minute scattering amplitudes associated with either bulk or surface imperfections can drive the system into the so-called strong modal coupling regime. Resonators that enter this regime have their coupling properties radically altered and can mimic a narrowband reflector. We experimentally confirm recently predicted deviations from criticality in such strongly coupled systems. Observations of resonators that had Q>10(8) and modal coupling parameters as large as 30 were shown to reflect more than 94% of an incoming optical signal within a narrow bandwidth of 40 MHz.     

Single-photon all-optical switching using coupled microring resonators

We study the nonlinear phase response of a microring resonator coupled to a bus waveguide and the use of this nonlinear phase shift to store information in the microring resonator and enhance the switching characteristics of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). By introducing coupling between adjacent microring resonators, the switching characteristics of the MZI can be exponentially enhanced as a function of the number of microring resonators, when compared to the linear enhancement for uncoupled resonators. With only a few moderate-finesse microring resonators, the switching power can be reduced to attowatt level, allowing for photonic switching devices that operate at single-photon level in ordinary optical waveguides.      

星间激光通信终端光学天线的隔离度

为满足星间激光通信对高隔离水平光学天线的要求,实现对光学天线隔离度的仿真分析和优化,提出了一种将红外系统冷反射的特征控制量YNI值作为衡量光学元件表面后向反射能量强度,并控制光学天线优化以提高隔离度水平的方法。在Light Tools软件中为某激光通信终端的卡塞格林天线创建了实体模型,通过仿真分析得出了各元件表面的后向反射率。在ZEMAX软件中以增大各元件表面的YNI值为目标优化天线结构。对比优化前后的结果,系统的后向反射率从3.068 8×10~(-4)减小到1.075 5×10~(-5),隔离度从-35.13 d B减小到-49.68 d B。优化后的卡塞格林天线具备较高的隔离度水平,可用于星间激光通信。     

Local bifurcations of synchronization in self-excited and forced unidirectionally coupled micromechanical resonators

A unidirectionally coupled system of Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) resonators is investigated. Local bifurcations of both the single resonator and the coupled system are analyzed in the design of the coupled system. We discuss the behavior of the coupled system according to the change in the coupling parameter and the excitation force. Phenomena such as quasiperiodic oscillations and synchronization are shown by numerical simulations and studied analytically through perturbation methods. The coupled system shows oscillatory behavior without the excitation force. In the presence of the excitation force the coupled system exhibits complex behavior which can be beneficial in the design of the coupled system as a sensor.     

Chirped area coupled resonator optical waveguide gyroscope

We study the transmission of an optical field through a rotating coupled resonator optical waveguide (CROW) in which the size of the ring resonators changes from one ring to the next. We focus on symmetric integer wavelength chirps of the circumference of the rings relative to the central ring in the array. The transfer matrix method is used to obtain the transmission as a function of the inertial rotation rate Ω resulting from the Sagnac effect. Chirping increases the slope of the oscillations in the transmission as a function of Ω, which can be exploited to further enhance the rotation sensitivity beyond that of a CROW with uniform resonators.     

Theory of pump-probe experiments of metallic metamaterials coupled to a gain medium

We establish a new approach for pump-probe simulations of metallic metamaterials coupled to the gain materials. It is of vital importance to understand the mechanism of the coupling of metamaterials with the gain medium. Using a four-level gain system, we have studied light amplification of arrays of metallic split-ring resonators with a gain layer underneath. We find that the differential transmittance ΔT/T can be negative for split-ring resonators on the top of the gain substrate, which is not expected, and ΔT/T is positive for the gain substrate alone. These simulations agree with pump-probe experiments and can help to design new experiments to compensate for the losses of metamaterials.     

Counter operation in nonlinear micro-electro-mechanical resonators

This Letter discusses a logical operation of multi-memories that consist of coupled nonlinear micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) resonators. A MEMS resonator shows two coexisting stable states when nonlinear responses appear. Previous studies addressed that a micro- or nano-electrical-mechanical resonator can be utilized as a mechanical 1-bit memory or mechanical logic gates. The next phase is the development of logic system with coupled multi-resonators. From the viewpoint of application of nonlinear dynamics in coupled MEMS resonators, we show the first experimental success of the controlling nonlinear behavior as a 2-bit binary counter.     

Light transfer characteristic in microspheric resonators

We investigate the propagation properties in microspheres coupled with a fiber taper system. The resonant properties display the properties of coupled resonator induced transparency and coupled resonator induced absorption. The transmission amplitudes for the various cases are compared and analyzed in the complex plane. Our results indicate that the switch between superluminal and subluminal light propagation can be realized by doping the gain medium in the multiple microspheric resonators.     

Parametric oscillator based on a single-layer resonant metamaterial

We perform numerical simulations demonstrating parametric generation and oscillation processes in a single-layer of metamaterial composed of split ring resonators (SRRs). In general, a parametric resonance is achieved by introducing a time-modulation of one of the energy-storing parameters of a resonant system. An individual SRR is a resonant system that can be modeled as an RLC-circuit inductively coupled to an applied time-varying magnetic field. The relatively simple circuit model can be employed to establish the range of parameters providing the growth of parametric oscillations within the SRR medium. We relate the numerically predicted circuit parameters that ensure the buildup of parametric oscillations to those parameters expected to be available in a modified SRR medium, in which lumped element varactors integrated into the SRRs are used as modulable capacitance elements.     

Coupled magnetic resonator optical waveguides

Optical resonators are important devices that control the properties of light and manipulate light–matter interaction. Various optical resonators are designed and fabricated using different techniques. For example, in coupled resonator optical waveguides, light energy is transported to other resonators through near‐field coupling. In recent years, magnetic optical resonators based on LC resonance have been realized in several metallic microstructures. Such devices possess stronger local resonance and lower radiation loss compared with electric optical resonators. This study provides an overall introduction on the latest progress in coupled magnetic resonator optical waveguide (CMROW). Various waveguides composed of different magnetic resonators are presented and Lagrangian formalism is used to describe the CMROW. Moreover, several interesting properties of CMROWs, such as abnormal dispersions and slow‐light effects, are discussed and CMROW applications in nonlinear and quantum optics are shown. Future novel nanophotonic devices can be developed using CMROWs.     

串联双微环湿度传感器光谱特性研究

提出了一种基于串联双微环谐振器的新型聚酰亚胺(Polyimide,PI)湿度传感器,采用传输矩阵法和耦合模的理论计算微环谐振器的传递函数,并对比了传统单微环与串联不同半径的双微环的输出光谱特性。外界湿度变化使得聚酰亚胺SOI波导吸收水汽后折射率发生变化,从而引起微环输出光谱发生漂移,通过探测光谱漂移量来测湿度值,得到了串联双微环传感器的灵敏度和测量范围,并且分析了感湿部位不同时谐振器输出光谱特性。理论结果表明：串联不同半径的微环谐振器的自由光谱范围（FSR）要比单微环有所提高,而且串联双微环谐振器整体感湿比单个微环单独感湿的传感性能更优良,可作为最佳的湿敏元件。与传统的单微环传感器相比,串联不同半径的微环结构可提高系统的测量范围和灵敏度,半径为30和50 μm的串联微环谐振器的FSR可达到0.15 μm,传感器测量湿度范围为10%RH～80%RH,灵敏度可达到0.001 7 μm·(%RH)-1。因此串联不同半径的双微环谐振器为制备成本低、结构简单、高灵敏度、可集成的微型湿度传感器件提供一定理论基础。     

All-optical switching of dark states in nonlinear coupled microring resonators

We propose and analyze an on-chip all-optical dynamic tuning scheme for coupled nonlinear resonators employing a single control beam injected in parallel with a signal beam. We show that the nonlinear Kerr response can be used to dynamically switch the spectral properties between a "dark state" and electromagnetically induced transparency configurations. Such a scheme can be realized in integrated optical applications for pulse trapping and delaying.     

Experimental demonstration of two methods for controlling the group delay in a system with photonic-crystal resonators coupled to a waveguide

We measure the group delay in an on-chip photonic-crystal device with two resonators side coupled to a waveguide. We demonstrate that such a group delay can be controlled by tuning either the propagation phase of the waveguide or the frequency of the resonators.     

Cavity soliton laser based on mutually coupled semiconductor microresonators

We report on experimental observation of localized structures in two mutually coupled broad-area semiconductor resonators, one of which acts as a saturable absorber. These structures coexist with a dark homogeneous background and they have the same properties as cavity solitons without requiring the presence of a driving beam into the system. They can be switched individually on and off by means of a local addressing beam.     

Stopping light in a waveguide with an all-optical analog of electromagnetically induced transparency

We introduce a new all-optical mechanism that can compress the bandwidth of light pulses to absolute zero, and bring them to a complete stop. The mechanism can be realized in a system consisting of a waveguide side coupled to tunable resonators, which generates a photonic band structure that represents a classical analogue of the electromagnetically induced transparency. The same system can also achieve a time-reversal operation. We demonstrate the operation of such a system by finite-difference time-domain simulations of an implementation in photonic crystals.     

Experimental realization of an on-chip all-optical analogue to electromagnetically induced transparency

We provide the first experimental observation of structure tuning of the electromagnetically induced transparency-like spectrum in integrated on-chip optical resonator systems. The system consists of coupled silicon ring resonators with 10 microm diameter on silicon, where the coherent interference between the two coupled resonators is tuned. We measured a transparency-resonance mode with a quality factor of 11,800.     

Change-over switch for quantum states transfer with topological channels in a circuit-QED lattice

We propose schemes to realize robust quantum states transfer between distant resonators using the topological edge states of a one-dimensional circuit quantum electrodynamics(QED)lattice.Analyses show that the distribution of edge states can be regulated accordingly with the on-site defects added on the resonators.And we can achieve different types of quantum state transfer without adjusting the number of lattices.Numerical simulations demonstrate that the on-site defects can be used as a change-over switch for high-fidelity single-qubit and two-qubit quantum states transfer.This work provides a viable prospect for flexible quantum state transfer in solid-state topological quantum system.     

Vertically coupled whispering-gallery-mode resonator waveguide

We theoretically describe a novel configuration of a vertically coupled whispering-gallery-mode resonator waveguide. The waveguide is formed as a chain of doughnut-shaped low-contrast ripples on the surface of a vertical cylinder made from an optically transparent material. One can manipulate the properties of the waveguide by changing the shape of the resonators and the separation distance between them. Application of the structure as an optical delay line is discussed.