以纤维素苯甲酸酯类为薄层色谱固定相对手性化合物的拆分

用超声方法合成了3种纤维素苯甲酸酯类手性固定相:三(苯甲酰基)纤维素(CTB),三(4-氯苯甲酰基)纤维素(CTPCB)和三(2-氯苯甲酰基)纤维素(CTOCB);用红外光谱和元素分析对其进行了结构鉴定.将该类手性固定相(CSP)用于薄层色谱分离手性化合物,分别采用TEAA,乙腈-TEAA(体积比2:1),乙酸乙酯-水-冰醋酸(体积比6:2:1),正丁醇-冰醋酸-水(体积比4:1:1)及乙酸乙酯-甲醇-30%(体积分数)醋酸(体积比5:3:2)作为展开剂,使2-(9-蒽基)-2-甲氧基乙酸、2-(9-蒽基)-2-羟基乙酸、苯丙氨酸、组氨酸及扑尔敏5种手性物质都获得了完全分离;在合成的3种手性固定相中,CTB的手性拆分能力较强,CTPCB和CTOCB的拆分能力稍差.     

2-(9-蒽基)-2-羟基乙酸的毛细管电泳分离研究

以β-环糊精及其衍生物为手性选择试剂,采用高效毛细管电泳法对外消旋的2-(9-蒽基)-2-羟基乙酸进行了手性分离。研究了手性选择剂的种类、浓度,背景电解质的pH值等因素对对映体分离的影响。实验结果表明,采用55 g/L的磺化-β-环糊精为手性选择试剂,在pH 2.5的10 mmol/L三羟甲基氨基甲烷(Tris)-磷酸缓冲体系中,2-(9-蒽基)-2-羟基乙酸对映体可得到良好的分离。     

毛细管电泳拆分2-(9-蒽基)-2-羟基乙酸对映体

以羟丙基-β-环糊精为手性选择试剂,首次对外消旋的2-（9-蒽基）-2-羟基乙酸对映体的毛细管电泳分离进行了研究.比较了环糊精的种类、浓度、背景电解质的类型及pH对分离的影响.实验结果表明,采用15mmol/L羟丙基-β-环糊精为手性选择试剂,在20 mmol/L的三羟甲基氨基甲烷（Tris）-磷酸缓冲体系中（pH6.0）,2-（9-蒽基）-2-羟基乙酸对映体达到基线分离,分离度为1.58.     

薄层色谱法拆分手性药物对映体

用性能稳定的薄层色谱用β-环糊精(β-CD)、硅胶手性固定相拆分手性药物对映体.在适当比例的乙腈-1%乙酸三乙胺(TEAA)、己烷-异丙醇、乙腈-甲醇-乙酸-三乙胺、甲醇-1%TEAA及乙腈-1%TEAA-三乙胺溶剂系统中展开,8种临床常用的手性药物对映体得到有效分离,对映异构体之间的相对比移值α为1.53～4.89.     

2-(9-蒽基)-2-甲氧基乙酸乙酯的高效液相色谱手性拆分

以键合在5 μm硅胶上的纤维素-三(二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)为色谱柱的手性固定相,采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法对外消旋的2-(9-蒽基)-2-甲氧基乙酸乙酯进行了手性拆分.对影响2-(9-蒽基)-2-甲氧基乙酸乙酯拆分的三个重要因素:流动相组成、流速、色谱柱温度进行了研究.实验结果表明,在流动相组成为正已烷-异丙醇(94/6,V/V),流速1.0 mL/min,柱温20℃的条件下,2-(9-蒽基)-2-甲氧基乙酸乙酯对映体得到很好的分离,分离度为3.63.     

芳香取代基结构对螺旋聚乙炔高效液相色谱手性固定相手性识别性能的影响

设计合成了3种源于脯氨酸的手性乙炔基单体——(S)-2-乙炔基-N-芳香胺基甲酰基吡咯烷. 在氯化降冰片二烯铑二聚体{[Rh(nbd)Cl]₂}-三乙胺催化下, 3种单体被转化为相应的光学活性螺旋聚合物. 用高效液相色谱评估了3种聚合物作为手性固定相(CSPs)对9种底物的手性识别性能. 以正己烷/异丙醇(体积比9∶1)为流动相时, 3种聚合物对3对种氢键给体分子苯偶姻(α=1.35~1.44)、 三氟-1-(9-蒽基)乙醇(α=1.11~1.53)、 2,2′-二羟基-1,1′-联萘(α=1.09~1.11)及乙酰丙酮钴(α=1.84~2.38)表现出很好的手性识别能力; 当以正己烷为流动相时, 3种聚合物都能立体选择性地识别氢键给体分子2,2-二甲基-1-苯基-1-丙醇(α=1.12~1.22), 聚[(S)-2-乙炔基-N-(2′-萘基胺基甲酰基)吡咯烷]能识别氢键受体分子2-苯基环己酮(α=1.11). 结合核磁共振波谱、 拉曼光谱、 旋光测试、 紫外吸收光谱和圆二色光谱及液相色谱等方法, 系统研究了芳香侧基结构与连接位置对聚合物螺旋构象和对映体选择性拆分能力的影响. 分子对接模拟结果表明, 1-萘基的空间位阻大于2-萘基且可促进形成更强的分子内氢键, 不利于大尺寸底物(如联萘酚)的手性拆分. 与苯基相比, 引入萘基有利于增强聚合物与底物间的π-π相互作用, 提高聚合物的立体选择性和手性识别能力.     

加压毛细管电色谱法分离1-甲基-3-苯基丙胺对映体

运用毛细管电色谱(pCEC)模式,以羟丙基-β-环糊精(HP-β-CD)作为手性选择剂,对1-甲基-3-苯基丙胺对映体进行手性分离。1-甲基-3-苯基丙胺对映体在最佳的条件下如:手性选择剂浓度10g/L、流动相配比:V(乙腈)∶V(磷酸盐体系)=60∶40溶液(5mmol/L)、背景电解质pH=7.6、柱温16℃和分离电压10kV达到了基线分离,该方法重现性好、简便、快捷。     

9-蒽醛衍生化-高效液相色谱法拆分α-氨基酸甲酯和几种脂肪胺对映体

采用高效液相色谱法,以9-蒽醛为衍生试剂,在5种多糖衍生物的手性固定相(CSPs)上对几种α-氨基酸甲酯对映体进行了手性分离。色谱条件如下: 流动相为含3%～10%(v/v)异丙醇的正己烷溶液,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为254 nm。结果表明,α-氨基酸甲酯-9-蒽醛亚胺衍生物在Chiralcel OD柱或Chiralcel OD-H柱上的手性分离结果优于其他CSPs,而且在Chiralcel OD柱或Chiralcel OD-H柱上全部得到了基线拆分(α=1.24～5.47, Rs=2.56～13.90), L-对映体在这两种色谱柱上的保留强于D-对映体。同时还考察了几种脂肪胺在5种多糖衍生物手性固定相上的对映体拆分效果,结果表明脂肪胺的9-蒽醛亚胺衍生物在Chiralcel OD柱或Chiralcel OD-H柱上的分离效果良好。该法可用于其他α-氨基酸酯和胺类化合物对映体的分析。     

柱前衍生高效液相色谱法分离分析1-氮杂双环[2,2,2]辛-3-基胺对映异构体

1-氮杂双环[2,2,2]辛-3-基胺是制备5-羟色胺拮抗剂药物盐酸帕洛诺司琼等的重要中间体,手性帕洛诺司琼可以通过中间体的手性分离来制备。用柱前衍生化-反相高效液相色谱法对1-氮杂双环[2,2,2]辛-3-基胺对映体进行分离并建立了检测方法。结果表明,用2,3,4,6-四-O-乙酰基-β-D-葡萄糖异硫氰酸酯(GITC)为柱前手性衍生化试剂,C18柱(300mm×4.6mm,5μm)为色谱柱,可将1-氮杂双环[2,2,2]辛-3-基胺对映体分离,其它色谱条件:流动相组成为[甲醇-乙腈-0.01mol/L四丁基溴化铵(20∶10∶75,V/V)]-(三乙胺)0·1%-(冰醋酸)0.15%,流速0.7mL/min,检测波长为266nm。在选择的测定条件下,衍生后的两非对映异构体分离度达4以上。     

TpPa-NH2的(1s)-(+)-10-樟脑磺酰氯衍生物毛细管电色谱手性柱的研究北大核心CSCD

本文采用溶剂热法,以2-硝基-1,4-苯二胺(Pa-NO_(2))和1,3,5-三甲基间苯三酚(Tp)合成一种非手性的共价有机骨架,将其还原后再用(1s)-(+)-10-樟脑磺酰氯修饰成具有手性的多孔有机材料。采用X射线衍射、红外光谱、圆二色谱、热重分析、氮吸附-脱附和扫描电镜对该材料进行表征。结果表明,经衍生后的手性材料有较好的空间结构和热稳定性。由该材料制成的手性毛细管电色谱柱成功拆分了乙酸仲丁酯及2-碘丁烷两种手性化合物。通过对分离电压、缓冲溶液的浓度和pH值等因素的考察,得到了乙酸仲丁酯及2-碘丁烷的最佳分离条件。以乙酸仲丁酯为分析物对该柱性能进行评价,表明该柱具有良好的稳定性和重现性,且对手性药物具有一定的拆分能力,可用作毛细管电色谱固定相。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Copper catalyzed/mediated synthetic methodology for ebselen and related isoselenazolones

Scope of the copper catalyzed/mediated selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been studied for the synthesis of isoselenazolones. It is noticed that the 2-chloro, 2-bromo-, and 2-iodo-aryl amides substrates can be exploited in the selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction by employing 25-100 mol % of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline (L) and potassium carbonate as a base in DMF. Furthermore, electron rich 2-chloro-arylamides also underwent selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction to give biologically important selenium-nitrogen heterocycles. Also, copper-catalyzed selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been meticulously applied for the synthesis of diaryl diselenides having methoxy, amine, and amide functionality from respective aryl iodides in the presence of stoichiometric amount of succinimide as an external Se-N coupling partner.     

Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by novel Nmm-based ionic liquids in water

A series of novel N-methyl morpholine (Nmm) based ionic liquids with 1,2-propanediol group were synthesized and used as catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation at room temperature in water. Under the effect of the catalyst, various aldehydes or aliphatic ketones could react with a wide range of activated methylene compounds well, including malononitrile, alkyl cyanoacetate, cyanoacetamide, β-diketone, barbituric acid, 2-arylacetonitrile and thiazolidinedione. Furthermore, most of the products could be separated just by filtrating and washing with water. Additionally, the catalyst is recyclable and applicable for the large-scale synthesis.     

Construction of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives via sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction

A series of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields via a catalyst-free sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 under mild conditions. We also present the first asymmetric sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 with moderate to good enantioselectivities catalyzed by readily available chiral phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs).