L-半胱氨酸修饰的金纳米粒子与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的荧光光谱研究

采用荧光猝灭光谱和同步荧光光谱研究了L-半胱氨酸修饰的金纳米粒子(Cys-GNPs)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)间的相互作用。根据荧光猝灭相关方程计算了Cys-GNPs与BSA相互作用的结合常数和结合位点数,探讨了其荧光猝灭机制为静态猝灭,并且根据热力学参数确定了二者间的作用力类型,推断出Cys-GNPs和BSA间主要靠疏水作用力结合。同步荧光光谱表明,二者的相互作用没有导致牛血清白蛋白的构象及色氨酸残基的微环境发生明显变化。     

不同粒径金纳米微粒对荧光素钠的猝灭效应研究

采用柠檬酸盐合成法制备了不同粒径的金纳米微粒,用吸收光谱和透射电镜对金纳米微粒进行了表征。研究了不同粒径金纳米微粒与荧光素钠分子的相互作用。发现金纳米微粒对荧光素钠具有荧光猝灭效应, 并且其荧光猝灭程度与金纳米微粒的粒径大小有关。随着金纳米微粒粒径的减小,荧光猝灭程度增大。探讨了金纳米微粒对荧光素钠荧光猝灭的机理,表明该荧光猝灭为动态猝灭。     

Effect of temperature and pH on interaction between bovine serum albumin and cetylpyridinium bromide: Fluorescence spectroscopic approach

The fluorescence spectroscopic technique has been efficiently employed to investigate the interaction between bovine serum albumin (BSA) and cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB) under different pH and temperature conditions. The binding constant, number of binding sites, thermodynamic parameters such as ΔG, ΔH, ΔS, and nature of binding forces between BSA and CPB were obtained by measuring the steady state fluorescence quenching of BSA by CPB. The experimental results showed that the fluorescence quenching of BSA by CPB was a result of the formation of CPB-BSA complex. The static quenching was confirmed from the Stern-Volmer quenching constant at different temperatures. The effect of CPB on the conformation of BSA was analyzed using synchronous and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy. pH dependence complex formation between BSA-CPB is due to the interaction between cationic side chain of CPB and the net charge developed on BSA. The distance ‘r’ between BSA and CPB was obtained according to the fluorescence resonance energy transfer.     

甘草酸单铵盐-牛血清白蛋白超分子体系的荧光光谱研究

对甘草酸单铵盐(MAG)-牛血清白蛋白(BSA)体系的荧光光谱进行了研究,采用同步荧光技术考察了甘草酸单铵盐对牛血清白蛋白构象的影响,认为甘草酸单铵盐(MAG)对牛血清白蛋白(BSA)体系荧光猝灭是由于生成了超分子复合物的静态猝灭,求得MAG-BSA的形成常数K_A及热力学函数ΔG,ΔH和ΔS,根据热力学函数确定了超分子间的作用力类型为静电作用力,依据Forster非辐射能量转移机制,确定了给体-受体间的结合距离和能量转移效率。     

Spectroscopic studies on the interaction between ZnSe nanoparticles with bovine serum albumin

The interaction between ZnSe nanoparticles (NPs) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied by UV–vis, fluorescence spectroscopic techniques. The results showed that the fluorescence of BSA was strongly quenched by ZnSe NPs and the quenching mechanism was discussed to be a static quenching procedure, which was proved by quenching constant (K_q). The recorded UV–vis data and the fluorescence data quenching by the ZnSe NPs showed that the interaction between them leads to the formation of ZnSe–BSA complex. Based on the synchronous fluorescence spectra, it was established that the conformational change of BSA was induced by the interaction of ZnSe with the tyrosine micro-region of the BSA molecules. Furthermore, the temperature effects on the structural and spectroscopic properties of individual ZnSe NPs and protein and their bioconjugates (ZnSe–BSA) were also researched. It was found that, compared to the monotonic decrease of the individual ZnSe NPs fluorescence intensity, the temperature dependence of the ZnSe–BSA emission had a much more complex behavior, which was highly sensitive to the conformational changes of the protein.     

Study of Interaction of Silver Nanoparticles with Bovine Serum Albumin Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy

The interaction between silver nanoparticles (SNPs) and Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) was investigated at physiological pH in an aqueous solution using fluorescence spectroscopy. The analysis of fluorescence spectrum and fluorescence intensity indicates that SNPs have a strong ability to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA by both static and dynamic quenching mechanisms. Resonance light scattering (RLS) spectra indicated the formation of a complex between BSA and SNP. The number of binding sites ‘n’ and binding constants ‘K’ were determined at different temperatures based on fluorescence quenching. The thermodynamic parameters namely ∆H^°, ∆G^°, ∆S^° were calculated at different temperatures and the results indicate that hydrophobic forces are predominant in the SNP-BSA complex. Negative ∆G^° values imply that the binding process is spontaneous. Synchronous fluorescence spectra showed a blue shift which is indicative of increasing hydrophobicity.     

Fluorescence properties of a composite material based on the 5CB nematic liquid crystal with gold nanoparticles

The steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectra of n-pentyl-n′-cyanobiphenyl and a related composite material with gold nanoparticles in the liquid crystalline and solid states have been investigated. The introduction of gold nanoparticles into the liquid crystal leads to a noticeable quenching of fluorescence in the emission region of the predimer and excimer states of cyanobiphenyl. In the solid phase, a quenching of free excitons and a short-wavelength shift of fluorescence bands have been observed.     

不同表面结构的金纳米粒子荧光性质.

"研究了具有不同表面结构的金纳米粒子：裸金纳米粒子、三苯基膦修饰的金纳米粒子、巯基丙酸表面取代的金纳米粒子的荧光性质,及其对CdSe纳米粒子的荧光猝灭作用．发现不同的金纳米粒子荧光信号受粒子表面一价金离子与配体分子之间相互作用的影响,其荧光强度对其表面分子具有强烈的敏感性;具有不同表面结构的金纳米粒子对CdSe纳米粒子的荧光猝灭作用不同,与其吸收光谱和CdSe纳米粒子发射光谱的重叠程度相关."     

铜、钠和钼离子与牛血清白蛋白作用的荧光光谱研究

研究了铜、钠和钼离子对牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的荧光强度的影响。铜离子对牛血清白蛋白荧光有明显的静态猝灭现象,其离解常数为2.38×10-4 mol·L-1。氯化钠对BSA溶液的荧光没有影响,说明生理盐水作为生物系统的体液对生命起到很好的保护作用。而钼离子在小浓度时对牛血清白蛋白荧光静态猝灭比较小,当钼离子浓度增加到8.4×10-3 mol·L-1时,则呈现出雪崩猝灭现象。     

荧光光谱法研究亚甲基蓝与蛋白质的结合反应

应用荧光光谱法研究了水溶液中亚甲基蓝与牛血清白蛋白分子间的结合反应 ,讨论了亚甲基蓝对蛋白质内源荧光的猝灭机理 ,测定了结合常数 (KA=3 44× 10 5L·mol-1)和结合位点数 (n =1 0 3)。依据F rster非辐射能量转移 ,理论确定了授体 受体间的结合距离 (r=1 6 7nm)和能量转移效率 ,并用同步荧光技术考察了亚甲基蓝对牛血清白蛋白构象的影响     

Quenching of tryptophan fluorescence of bovine serum albumin under the effect of ions of heavy metals

The interaction of heavy metals with bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been studied using data of quenching of intrinsic fluorescence of the protein by the ions of the heavy metals. Under the assumption of static quenching with formation of nonfluorescent complexes of fluorophores of BSA with heavy metals, conclusions have been drawn on the peculiarities of binding of the heavy metals to the protein. The values of the Stern-Volmer constants of association and those of the constants of BSA binding to the heavy metals decrease in the order Cu(II) > Pb(II) > Cd(II). It has been experimentally found that the copper ions have greater capacity to bind to the protein with the formation of the nonfluorescent complexes, which results in a significant decrease in the fluorescence intensity of the protein.     

Single-molecule measurements of gold-quenched quantum dots

We report the study of the quenching of quantum dots (CdSe) by gold nanoparticles at the single-molecule level. Double-stranded DNA is used as a rigid spacer to tune the distance between the two nanoparticles. The width of the fluorescent intensity distribution, monitored at different interparticle distances, reflects both the nanoparticle heterogeneity and the fluorescence intermittency of the quantum dot. The fluorescence distribution emitted by single CdSe nanocrystals can easily be distinguished from the fluorescence of partially quenched CdSe. Our results show that the distance-dependence quenching is compatible with a F?rster-type process.     

光谱法研究稀土离子钇(Ⅲ)与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

用荧光光谱和紫外-可见吸收光谱研究了稀土金属离子Y3+与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用。实验结果发现:Y3+对BSA的紫外吸收光谱具有增强作用,而对荧光光谱具有较强的荧光猝灭作用且峰位明显蓝移20～25 nm。用Stern-Volmer方程分别对实验数据进行分析,得出结论:Y3+对BSA的荧光猝灭作用是属于静态荧光猝灭,Y3+与BSA反应生成了新的复合物,发生了分子内的非辐射能量转移。求得相互作用过程的结合常数(KA)和热力学参数(ΔΗ、ΔS、ΔG),确定了它们之间的主要作用力是范德华力、氢键等,但静电作用力也不可忽略。同步荧光光谱法表明Y3+对牛血清白蛋白的构象有影响。     

光谱法和分子对接研究红斑红曲胺与牛血清白蛋白相互作用

近年来,随着对红曲色素的深入研究,其越来越多的功能活性被发现,但其某些致毒作用也使红曲色素的安全性受到了质疑。因此,阐明红曲色素在人体中与大分子的相互作用对深入研究其转运代谢及毒副作用具有重要作用。光谱法是研究溶液中小分子与蛋白质相互作用的一种有效方法,其具有灵敏度高、选择性强、用样量少、方法简单等优点,在研究中得到越来越广泛的应用。为探究红曲色素在体内的转运机制和血液中与转运蛋白的相互作用,本研究首次用红斑红曲胺(Rubropunctamine,Rub）作为红曲色素的典型代表与牛血清白蛋白（bovine serum albumin, BSA）相互作用。利用内源荧光光谱、同步荧光光谱探究不同浓度的Rub对BSA的荧光猝灭作用,采用Stern-Volmer方程、Lineweaver-Burk函数和Van’t-Hoff方程对不同温度下BSA与Rub作用后在λ_EX/λ_EM(280.0 nm/340.0 nm)（λ_EX/λ_EM表示荧光的激发波长和发射波长）的内源荧光强度值确定二者作用类型、结合位点数及相互作用机理,进一步利用圆二色谱定量测定了Rub的结合对BSA二级结构影响,最后运用软件Discovery Studio2.5对Rub与BSA的相互结合进行分子对接模拟。结果显示：(1) Rub对BSA具有较强的内源荧光猝灭效果,在λ_EX/λ_EM(280.0 nm/340.0 nm)的荧光强度下降306.1,发射波长由338.6 nm蓝移到331.8 nm,同步荧光显示荧光猝灭主要发生在色氨酸残基上。(2)Stern-Volmer方程计算得到动态猝灭速率常数K_q为2.335×1012 L·(mol·s)-1,远大于此类型允许的最大扩散碰撞常数2.0×1010 L·(mol·s)-1,判定该猝灭是单纯的静态猝灭过程。利用Lineweaver-Burk函数计算得到静态猝灭速率常数K_q随温度升高而减小,即该复合物在温度升高时变得不稳定。(3)利用等式lg[(F₀-F)/F]=lgK₀＋nlgc_Q得到两者结合常数可达103 L·mol-1以上,结合位点数近似为1,且随着温度增加表观结合常数变小。(4)不同温度下Van’t-Hoff方程计算得到ΔH,ΔS,ΔG都小于0,则该相互作用能自发进行且氢键和范德华力是其主要的相互作用力。(5)圆二色谱测得BSA与Rub结合后二级结构中α-螺旋含量由29.4%降至20.2%;β-折叠由39.9%上升到50.7%;β-转角由6.5%下降到3.5%;无规则卷曲由24.2%上升到25.6%。(6)分子对接发现Rub结合点位于 BSA中由Arg458,Asp108,Glu424和Ser428等氨基酸形成的口袋内,与Arg458有范德华力作用,与Arg144形成分子内氢键,影响到Trp213微环境。     

荧光光谱法研究二溴羟基卟啉与蛋白质的结合作用机理

应用荧光光谱法研究了meso-四(3,5-二溴-4-羟基苯基)卟啉[T(DBHP)P]与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)之间的结合反应,基于T(DBHP)P对BSA内源荧光的猝灭机理,测定了两者之间在不同温度下的结合常数,温度为27 ℃时,荧光猝灭法测得反应的结合常数为K=1.30×106 L·mol-1,温度为48 ℃时,K=6.32×105 L·mol-1,结合常数随温度升高而减小,由此判定该猝灭类型为静态猝灭。根据Frster非辐射能量转移理论,确定了T(DBHP)P与BSA之间的能量转移效率E=0.91,能量给体(BSA)与受体[T(DBHP)P]之间的结合距离r=2.39 nm<7 nm,符合非辐射能量转移条件。依据热力学参数ΔG<0,ΔH<0,ΔS>0确定了T(DBHP)P与BSA之间的作用力主要是静电引力。同时,利用同步荧光光谱,考察了T(DBHP)P对BSA构象的影响,结果发现,T(DBHP)P的加入使BSA构象发生变化,BSA内部残基所处环境的疏水性降低。     

Ilaprazole metabolites,ilaprazole sulfone and ilaprazole sulfide decreased the affinity of ilaprazole to bovine serum albumin

The interaction of ilaprazole (IPZ), ilaprazole sulfone (IPZO) and ilaprazole sulfide (IPZI) with bovine serum albumin (BSA), and the effect of IPZO and IPZI on the interaction of IPZ with BSA have been investigated by fluorescence, synchronous fluorescence, ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and circular dichroism (CD). The results indicated that IPZ, IPZO and IPZI had a strong ability to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA, and the binding affinities were significantly affected by structures in the order IPZ>IPZO>IPZI, while the van der Waals force and hydrogen bond played major roles in their binding with BSA. The analysis of synchronous fluorescence, FT-IR and CD spectra showed the change in secondary structure of BSA upon interaction with IPZ, IPZO or IPZI. Site marker competitive experiments indicated that their binding to BSA primarily took place in subdomain IIA. The presence of IPZO and IPZI decreased the quenching constants of IPZ with BSA by about 68.4% and 95.1%, respectively, which possibly resulted from the existence of competitive binding between IPZ and its metabolites with BSA. However, IPZO and IPZI did not change the quenching mechanism of IPZ with BSA, while all the fluorescence quenching was initiated by static quenching procedure combined with non-radiative energy transfer. Our results may have relevant insight into IPZ's bioavailability and efficacy affected by its metabolites.     

Study of tryptophan assisted synthesis of gold nanoparticles by combining UV–Vis, fluorescence, and SERS spectroscopy

We developed a rapid and non-toxic method for the preparation of colloidal gold nanoparticles (GNPs) by using tryptophan (Trp) as reducing/stabilizing agent. We show that the temperature has a major influence on the kinetics of gold ion reduction and the crystal growth, higher temperatures favoring the synthesis of anisotropic nanoparticles (triangles and hexagons). The as-synthesized nanostructures were characterized by UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), fluorescence, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. The UV–Vis measurements confirmed that temperature is a critical factor in the synthesis process, having a major effect on the shape of the synthesized GNPs. Moreover, fluorescence spectroscopy was able to monitor the quenching of the Trp fluorescence during the in situ synthesis of GNPs. Using Trp as molecular analyte to evaluate the SERS efficiency of as-prepared GNPs at different temperatures, we demonstrated that the Raman enhancement of the synthesized gold nanoplates is higher than that of the gold spherical nanoparticles.     

酸度对氧氟沙星与牛血清白蛋白结合的影响

牛血清白蛋白在不同pH的溶液中存在N（pH ～7.0）,B（pH ～9.0）和E（pH 3.5以下）等几种同分异构形态。 采用紫外-可见光谱和荧光光谱研究了酸度对牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的结构以及对不同结构的BSA和氧氟沙星的相互作用的影响,应用荧光猝灭现象和Frster理论,求出了4个不同pH下两者结合的猝灭常数、 能量转移效率和结合距离等参数。结果显示,氧氟沙星与牛血清白蛋白在pH 4.9时结合常数最大（1.928 1×105 L·mol-1）,结合距离小（r=2.55 nm）,猝灭效应最好（8.63×104 L·mol-1）;氧氟沙星与牛血清白蛋白的结合过程中,静态猝灭和非辐射能量转移是导致牛血清白蛋白荧光猝灭的原因;中性、 弱酸和弱碱性环境对两者的结合没有太大的影响,静电作用不是两者相互作用的主要作用力。使用同步荧光技术考察了氧氟沙星对BSA构象的影响。     

荧光法研究咖啡因和茶碱与牛血清白蛋白相互作用

用荧光光谱法研究了咖啡因和茶碱两种生物碱药物与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)分子间的相互结合反应。测定了咖啡因和茶碱与BSA反应的结合平衡常数分别为：1.673×104 L·mol-1,6.802×103 L·mol-1。证实了两种生物碱药物与牛血清白蛋白的相互结合作用为单一的静态猝灭过程。     

Gold nanoparticles having dipicolinic acid imprinted nanoshell for Bacillus cereus spores recognition

Taking into account the recognition element for sensors linked to molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs), a proliferation of interest has been witnessed by those who are interested in this subject. Indeed, MIP nanoparticles are theme which recently has come to light in the literature. In this study, we have proposed a novel thiol ligand-capping method with polymerizable methacryloylamidocysteine (MAC) attached to gold nanoparticles, reminiscent of a self-assembled monolayer. Furthermore, a surface shell by synthetic host polymers based on molecular imprinting method for recognition has been reconstructed. In this method, methacryloyl iminodiacetic acid-chrome (MAIDA–Cr(III)) has been used as a new metal-chelating monomer via metal coordination–chelation interactions and dipicolinic acid (DPA) which is the main participant of Bacillus cereus spores has been used as a template. Nanoshell sensors with templates produce a cavity that is selective for DPA. The DPA can simultaneously chelate to Cr(III) metal ion and fit into the shape-selective cavity. Thus, the interaction between Cr(III) ion and free coordination spheres has an effect on the binding ability of the gold nanoparticles nanosensor. The interactions between DPA and MIP particles were studied observing fluorescence measurements. DPA addition caused significant decreases in fluorescence intensity because they induced photoluminescence emission from Au nanoparticles through the specific binding to the recognition sites of the crosslinked nanoshell polymer matrix. The binding affinity of the DPA imprinted nanoparticles has been explored by using the Langmuir and Scatchard methods and the analysis of the quenching results has been performed in terms of the Stern–Volmer equation.