垂直上升管内油—气—水三相弹状流压力降的研究

给出一种垂直上升油－气－水三相弹状流压力降的计算模型。该模型考虑弹状流中Ｔａｙｌｏｒ气泡周围下降液膜的变化历程。通过油－气－水弹状流的实验研究发现，该模型的数值模拟结果与低压工况下的实验值符合得较好。本模型是计算垂直油－气－水三相弹状流中液相的连续相为水相时的压力降的有效方法。     

密相液固两相湍流流动研究

在ＩＰＳＡＲ算法基础上推导了适用于考虑液度变化影响的密相液固两相湍流流动数值计算的ＤＩＰＳＡＲ算法，并采用低雷诺数模型，对竖直上升管中密相液固两相湍流分别采用ＩＰＳＡＲ算法和ＤＩＰＳＡＲ算法进行了数值计算，计算值与实测值较符合，计算结果的比较表明ＤＩＰＳＡＲ算法能更有效地预测密相液固两相湍流流动     

离心泵叶轮内密相液固两相湍流的数值模拟

利用作者建立的描述密相液固两相湍流的 KET模型和推导的基本控制方程组 ,在处理壁面边界条件时考虑了颗粒和叶片的相互碰撞作用 ,对离心泵叶轮内密相液固两相流动进行了数值模拟 ,得到了泵叶轮内两相流动的一些规律 ,为液固两相流泵的设计提供了一定的理论依据。     

两相临界流

由于两相临界流在压水反应堆安全分析中的重要性，在过去的４０年内，两相临界流一直是一个活跃的分支学科。本文对压水堆失水事故常用的两相临界流均匀平衡模型、滑移模型、考虑相间热力学非平衡效应的简化模型及两流体模型做了综述。结论是到目前为止，没有一个数学模型能准确预测各种参数范围、各种通道形状的临界流量。特定的模型只能适用于特定的情况。本文对非平衡两相流中汽泡成核、汽泡生长、相界面间质量、动量、能量交换的机理给予了更多的关注。     

高浓度固-液两相流紊流的动理学模型

采用分子动理学方法,基于固-液两相流液相分子或颗粒相颗粒的Boltzmann方程,对Boltzmann方程分别取零矩和一次矩,则得到高浓度固-液两相流紊流的连续方程和动量方程,再和较成熟的低浓度两相流连续方程和动量方程比较,取低浓度两相流控制方程中较成熟合理的有关项和高浓度时由动理学方法推导出的颗粒间碰撞项,则得到高浓度固-液两相流紊流的最终控制方程:连续方程和动量方程.     

两相正激波松弛流的数值研究

对气、固两相正激波松弛流动进行了数值研究,方程中考虑了压力梯度及非匀速运动引起的附加质量力。给出了完整的计算方法,对三种不同固相容积比、不同固相颗粒直径和不同马赫数分别进行了数值计算,所得计算结果给出了气、固两相的速度、温度、压力、密度、固相容积比及熵值沿流向分布情况。文章对气、固两相参数在松弛区中的变化规律进行了讨论。     

两相速度平衡条件下的两相流声速

在两相速度平衡条件下,本文首先给出无相变的两相流中声速的一般表达式。再对相间传热作出热平衡或绝热假设,得到完全平衡的和部分平衡的声速的具体表达式。两相流(速度平衡的)声速的许多现有公式都可以作为特例从一般表达式中导出。本文还研究了相变对声速的影响,给出了一元两相系的和二元两相系的完全平衡(速度平衡、热平衡和相平衡)声速公式。     

气液两相瞬变流的流固耦合模型研究

传统的气液两相流瞬态分析和管道动力响应计算是分开的，存在一定的缺陷．针对石油工业中常见的多相混输问题，介绍了常见的气液两相流瞬态模型和流固之间存在的耦合机理，在不作薄壁管假设的前提下推导出了气液两相瞬变流的流固耦合模型．与现有相似模型的对比分析表明，这一模型比较全面地考虑了流体和管道的特性以及不同的耦合形式，可以适应实验和／或仿真研究的需要．     

两相正激波松弛流的数值研究

对气、固两相正激波松弛流动进行了数值研究,方程中考虑了压力梯度及非匀速运动引起的附加质量力。给出了完整的计算方法,对三种不同固相容积比、不同固相颗粒直径和不同马赫数分别进行了数值计算,所得计算结果给出了气、固两相的速度、温度、压力、密度、固相容积比及熵值沿流向分布情况。文章对气、固两相参数在松弛区中的变化规律进行了讨论。     

控压钻井环空卡森流体两相螺旋流轴向速度研究

考虑控压钻井环空气液两相流参数、钻井液周向与轴向运动等因素,本文提出了控压钻井环空卡森流体两相螺旋流柱坐标理论模型;通过新疆玛湖油田区块具体实例,分析了摩阻压降、屈服应力、环空外径、空隙率等对控压钻井两相螺旋流轴向速度的影响.结果表明:控压钻井环空卡森流体两相螺旋流流核及流速峰值向钻杆壁面靠近,距离环空内壁与钻杆外壁中...     

PNEUMATIC CONVEYING OF BIOMASS PARTICLES. A REVIEW

Processes involving biomass are of growing interest, but handling and conveying biomass particles are challenging due to the unusual physical properties of biomass particles. This paper reviews recent work on pneumatic conveying of biomass particles, especially agricultural particles and pulp fibres. Experimental work has been mainly carried out to determine a range of parameters, such as pressure drop, particle velocity, flow regime and electrostatic charging for both horizontal and vertical conveying. Models ranging from empirical to CFD models are also being developed. Difficulties in representing turbulence and interactions among biomass particles and between the particles and fluid have so far limited the success of advanced modeling. Further work is needed to improve understanding of multiphase biomass pneumatic conveying and to assist in the development of biomass energy and conversion processes.     

PNEUMATIC CONVEYING OF BIOMASS PARTICLES: A REVIEW

Processes involving biomass are of growing interest, but handling and conveying biomass particles are challenging due to the unusual physical properties of biomass particles. This paper reviews recent work on pneumatic conveying of biomass particles, especially agricultural particles and pulp fibres. Experimental work has been mainly carried out to determine a range of parameters, such as pressure drop, particle velocity, flow regime and electrostatic charging for both horizontal and vertical conveying. Models ranging from empirical to CFD models are also being developed. Difficulties in representing turbulence and interactions among biomass particles and between the particles and fluid have so far limited the success of advanced modeling. Further work is needed to improve understanding of multiphase biomass pneumatic conveying and to assist in the development of biomass energy and conversion processes.     

Energy loss at bends in the pneumatic conveying of fly ash

An accurate estimation of the total pressure drop of a pipeline is important to the reliable design of a pneumatic conveying system. The present paper presents results from an investigation into the modelling of the pressure drop at a bend in the pneumatic conveying of fly ash. Seven existing bend models were used (in conjunction with solids friction models for horizontal and vertical straight pipes, and initial acceleration losses) to predict the total pipeline pressure drop in conveying fly ash (median particle diameter: 30 μm; particle density: 2300 kg/m³; loose-poured bulk density: 700 kg/m³) in three test rigs (pipelines with dimensions of 69 mm inner diameter (I.D.) × 168 m length; 105 mm I.D. × 168 m length; 69 mm I.D. × 554 m length). A comparison of the pneumatic conveying characteristics (PCC) predicted using the seven bend models and experimental results shows that the predicted total pipeline PCC and trends depend on the choice of bend model. While some models predict trends that agree with the experimental results, other models predicted greater bend pressure drops for the dense phase of fly ash than for the dilute phase. Models of Pan, R. (1992). Improving scale-up procedures for the design of pneumatic conveying systems. Doctoral dissertation, University of Wollongong, Australia, Pan, R., & Wypych, P.W. (1998). Dilute and dense phase pneumatic conveying of fly ash. In Proceedings of the sixth International Conference on Bulk Materials Storage and Transportation (pp. 183–189), Wollongong, NSW, Australia and Chambers, A.J., & Marcus, R.D. (1986). Pneumatic conveying calculations. In Proceedings of the second International Conference on Bulk Materials Storage and Transportation (pp. 49–52), Wollongong, Australia reliably predicted the bend losses for systems conveying fly ash over a large range of air flows.     

分析输流曲管临界流速的迁移矩阵法

提出了一种分析输液曲管临界流速的方法。与其它方法相比,该方法不但容易处理带任意多个中间支承和变刚度、变曲率的输液曲管问题,而且由于对各段位移、内力关系导出了一系列显式,故不管离散段数多少,最终都只需解一个三阶矩阵方程,因此计算量小、精度高。     

多跨管道流固耦合振动的波传播解法

采用Timoshenko梁模型提出了求解多跨管道流固耦合振动的波动方法.借助边界处的几何连续条件和力平衡条件,得到了波在固支、简支和自由三种端部条件下的反射模型;建立了波在中间弹性支撑处的散射模型;结合以上散射模型,得到了多跨管道流固耦合振动的频率特征方程;通过计算两端简支管道的临界流速,验证了所建立模型的正确性.最后,计算了一段40m长、七跨管道在三种工况下的前五阶固有频率.计算结果表明:波传播方法具有易于编程、执行效率高和计算精度高的优点.     

Determination of slug permeability factor for pressure drop prediction of slug flow pneumatic conveying

Current models for pressure drop prediction of slug flow pneumatic conveying in a horizontal pipeline system assume some type of steady state conditions for prediction,which limits their capability for increased predictive accuracy relative to experimental data.This is partly because of the nature of slug flow pneumatic conveying system,which,as a dynamic system,never becomes stable.By utilising conservation of mass (airflow),a dynamic pressure analysis model is proposed on the basis of the derivative of the upstream pressure behaviour.The rate of air permeation through slug,one of the important factors in the conservation model,is expressed as a function of a slug permeability factor.Other factors such as slug velocity,slug length and the fraction of stationary layer were also considered.Several test materials were conveyed in single-slug tests to verify the proposed pressure drop model,showing good agreement between the model and experimental results.     

Determination of slug permeability factor for pressure drop prediction of slug flow pneumatic conveying

Current models for pressure drop prediction of slug flow pneumatic conveying in a horizontal pipeline system assume some type of steady state conditions for prediction, which limits their capability for increased predictive accuracy relative to experimental data. This is partly because of the nature of slug flow pneumatic conveying system, which, as a dynamic system, never becomes stable. By utilising conservation of mass （airflow）, a dynamic pressure analysis model is proposed on the basis of the derivative of the upstream pressure behaviour. The rate of air permeation through slug, one of the important factors in the conservation model, is expressed as a function of a slug permeability factor. Other factors such as slug velocity, slug length and the fraction of stationary layer were also considered. Several test materials were conveyed in single-slug tests to verify the proposed pressure drop model, showing good agreement between the model and experimental results.     

两相流中圆柱状粒子阻力的研究

将圆柱状粒子和圆球粒子建立等效关系，由等效面积法得到了作用在圆柱状粒子上的阻力，然后通过有限体积法对圆柱状粒子的阻力进行了数值求解，经比较发现，在层流状态时由等效面积法得到的圆柱状粒子的阻力要乘上一个1．5—2的常系数．     

Experimental and numerical study of installing a dune model in a 90° bend in the horizontal-vertical pneumatic conveying system

In the pneumatic conveying process, particles move to the bend under the influence of inertia to form a particle rope, which will cause serious wear between the particles and the pipe wall, and then the dune model is designed and installed in the 90° bend to reduce energy consumption and wear in this study. Firstly, the minimum pressure drop velocity of particles transported by different size dune models was obtained through experimental study. Then the energy saving mechanism of the dune model is studied by CFD-DEM coupling. The experimental results show that the installation of the dune model reduces the minimum pressure drop velocity. The numerical simulation results show that the number of collisions between the particles and the tube wall in the vertical tube decreases after the installation of the dune model, which reduces the energy loss. Moreover, the increasing of tail size of the dune model is beneficial to the diffusion and acceleration of the particles in the vertical tube.     

风沙两相流跃移层中沙粒相的速度分布

从单个跃移沙粒在气流中的运动方程出发导出了风沙两相流中沙粒相速度分布函数的Boltzmann方程，对风沙流研究中几种不同的分布函数及其相应的统计平均值等基本概念给出了严密的数学定义，指出了不同分布函数之间的区别和联系，在略去铅垂方向空气阻力的情况下，给出了沙粒相速度分布函数沿铅垂方向的边缘分布，作为风沙流中跃移理论的主要基础之一。利用结果对前人在风沙流研究中发现的某些重要规律和现象进行了解释。