反应型比例荧光探针检测多巴胺

多巴胺是一种重要的神经递质,可调控脑功能和人体的行为反应,因此对多巴胺浓度的检测是非常重要的.合成了基于芘的荧光探针羟基（米基）（芘-1-基）硼烷（HMPB）,能够在缓冲溶液中对多巴胺快速响应,并且在较低浓度下都有响应,同时具有很好的选择性.为生物体内检测多巴胺提供了一种潜在的高灵敏性、高选择性的检测方法.     

一种1,8-萘酰亚胺衍生物检测半胱氨酸荧光探针 的合成及其在活细胞和秀丽隐杆线虫中成像中的运用

基于1,8-萘酰亚胺衍生物,构建了一种检测半胱氨酸(Cys)的新型荧光探针TPFC-Acryloyl。光谱研究表明该探针能有效识别Cys且能够在1min内实现快速响应。探针对Cys的检测表现出高选择性,检测限为2.13μmol/L。经荧光光谱和质谱实验确证其检测机理为：Cys与TPFC-Acryloyl分子中的丙烯酸酯发生共轭加成-环化反应,进而羟基裸露的同时释放出黄色荧光。细胞毒性测试表明探针TPFC-Acryloyl的细胞毒性低。此外,该探针还被成功应用于活细胞和秀丽隐杆线虫中Cys的荧光成像。     

新型香豆素类探针的合成及其高灵敏性和高选择性对纯水中Pd2+的荧光和比色检测

我们设计并合成了一种新型香豆素类Pd2+荧光探针（化合物1）。化合物1由香豆素和羧甲基羟胺组成,其能实现纯水中Pd2+的高选择性和高灵敏性检测,且检测限低至4.0 × 10-8 mol/L。此外,该探针能在pH为4~9的范围内有效检测Pd2+。     

新型荧光/EPR双功能次氯酸探针的构建及性能

构建了一种新型香豆素-萘酰亚胺荧光/电子顺磁共振双功能探针CNNOH,并结合荧光光谱、电子顺磁共振(EPR)波谱和紫外-可见吸收光谱对其性能进行了研究.结果表明,该探针可结合荧光光谱的灵敏性和EPR波谱的特异性进行次氯酸的检测;由于香豆素与萘酰亚胺之间存在荧光共振能量转移(FRET)效应,探针分子具有较大的Stokes位移(135 nm),可有效避免由激发光导致的杂散光对检测的干扰.该双功能探针具有检出限低(0.214μmol/L)、反应速度快(~10 s)、检测范围宽(0~5 mmol/L)、选择性好及在生理条件下稳定的特点,预期在活体细胞检测方面有良好的应用前景.     

比率型荧光探针的设计合成及其对Al3+识别性能研究

为了进一步提高金属离子探针的选择性和灵敏性,以3,5-二氨基苯甲酸和2,4-二羟基苯甲醛为原料,设计合成了一种比率型金属离子探针L(3,5-二(2,4-二羟基）苯基亚氨基)苯甲酸)。通过核磁、质谱和红外等方法对探针L的结构进行了表征,并利用荧光光谱、紫外光谱对探针L的光学性能进行了研究,结果表明：L对Al3+具有良好的选择性和灵敏性,受其它金属离子的干扰较小,并且反应前后伴有明显的颜色变化（黄色到无色）。通过计算,缔合常数为Kb = 1.35×104,L对Al3+的检出限低至8.6×10-8 mol/L,低于饮用水和食品中铝含量的国家标准,该离子探针有望应用于食品和水环境中Al3+的检测。     

一种溶酶体靶向双光子亚硝酰氢荧光探针的合成及细胞成像研究

亚硝酰氢(HNO)是一氧化氮单电子还原并质子化的产物,具有重要的生物学意义.以4-(2-氨基乙基)-吗啉作为溶酶体靶向基团,1,8-萘二甲酰亚胺作为双光子荧光团,三苯基膦作为HNO识别基团,构建了一个能够特异性定位于溶酶体的打开型双光子荧光探针Lyso-HNO.研究结果表明,该探针响应迅速,对HNO表现出良好的选择性,较高的灵敏性,检测极限可达202 nmol·L-1.该探针可对HeLa细胞溶酶体外源HNO进行双光子荧光成像研究.     

基于1,8-萘酰亚胺的半胱氨酸荧光探针的合成及在生物成像方面的应用

设计合成了一种用于检测半胱氨酸的新型荧光探针乙二醛(N-羟乙基-1,8-二甲酰亚胺-4-萘基)单腙(NAD),该荧光探针对半胱氨酸表现出较高的灵敏度和选择性.当半胱氨酸加入NAD溶液中,会形成分子内氢键,抑制C■N的异构化,导致荧光增强.此外,探针NAD可应用于细胞内半胱氨酸的检测,表明该类型探针在生物检测应用方面具有较大的潜力.     

基于间苯二甲酰腙的荧光探针的合成及其接力识别Al3+和焦磷酸根

设计合成了一种基于2-羟基-1-萘甲醛和间苯二甲酰肼的简单高效的荧光探针L,其结构通过~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR和HRMS进行表征。在乙醇-水(1∶1)的体系中,L能够高选择性识别铝离子,表现出明显的荧光增强,并具有较低的检测限(5. 924×10~(-6)mol/L),二者结合比为1∶2。此外,原位生成的配合物L-2Al~(3+)可接力识别焦磷酸根(PPi),具有良好的选择性和灵敏度,检测限可达4. 756×10~(-5)mol/L。该荧光探针具有潜在的应用价值。     

一个基于2-(4-二羟基硼烷)苯基喹啉-4-羧酸的长波长水溶性荧光探针

水溶性荧光探针2-(4-二羟基硼烷)苯基喹啉-4-羧酸(PBAQA)能实现儿茶酚的选择性识别,但发射波长较短.PBAQA及衍生物通常在285 nm进行荧光发射.本文报道以PBAQA为building block,通过化学合成制备一个新的二硼酸荧光探针.该化合物具有更长的发射波长,发射波长为364 nm.初步荧光活性测试结果表明,该化合物对多巴胺具有一定结合选择性.对寻找具有较长发射波长的硼酸荧光探针,实现探针分子在嗜铬细胞瘤等细胞组织进行荧光成像具有重要意义.     

一种用于检测气态甲醛的新型荧光探针

甲醛是一种常见的挥发性有机物（VOC）,当其浓度达到一定水平时,会对人体健康产生危害,如刺激眼和鼻黏膜、引起咽喉疼痛、咳嗽和气喘等。长期接触甲醛会对人体造成严重损害。为此,我们设计合成了一种荧光探针TF（4-肼基-1,8-萘基-1,2-苯并咪唑）,TF的肼基团可以识别甲醛,并通过与甲醛的羰基部分缩合形成腙的反应实现甲醛的检测。TF显示出较高的灵敏性和选择性。此外,为了直接检测气态的甲醛,我们利用TF制备了荧光试纸,探究其在甲醛定性检测中的应用,同时还探究了一种简易监测装置用于室内甲醛的定量测量。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.