新型季磷离子液体气相色谱柱的制备及应用

选择季磷型离子液体为气相色谱固定相,采用静态法将其涂渍于纳米级SiO2预处理的毛细管内壁上制备成毛细管气相色谱柱.考察了此固定相的基本色谱性能和极性,并详细研究了其对多种化合物的分离性能和保留特点.研究表明,此该离子液体色谱柱的柱效为1381 plates/m,极性为559.6,与商品化的聚乙二醇(PEG20M)和硝基对苯二甲酸改性的聚乙二醇(FFAP)柱的极性相近.此固定相对给质子体化合物的保留作用明显强于PEG20M,并且其对芳香化合物的间位和对位异构体的分离选择性明显优于自制的PEG20M.此固定相对芳香位置异构体、烷烃、多环芳烃、氯苯、醇类等均具有较好的分离效果.     

FFAP交联玻璃毛细管柱的研制和应用

极性固定液的交联是比较困难的。继聚乙二醇20M(PEG20M)交联柱的研究,近年来极性固定液交联的研究有了较大进展,中等极性的氰基硅酮,二乙二醇丁二酸聚酯交联也有报道。聚乙二醇20M和2-硝基对苯二甲酸的反应产物(FFAP)有报道交联的柱子呈强酸性,没有说明交联条件。这是一种用途很广的极性固定液,因而仍是一项值得研究的工作。本文对交联剂的用量、交联温度进行了考查,得到柱子的交联度、理论板数、酸碱比分别为85％、3000/m、0.96左右,并在275℃温度下考查了耐温性能。各类样品在该柱上获得了很好分离。     

串联毛细管柱对甲基叔丁基醚产品及其杂质的色谱分析

采用非极性的OV-1柱及极性的FFAP柱串联而成的毛细管柱分析甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)产品的全组成,该法能完全分离MTBE及其杂质组分,相对标准偏差小于3．5％。具有分离效果好、结果准确、操作简单等优点。     

一种新型极性脲丙基-C30固定相的制备和性能评价

以3-脲丙基三甲氧基硅烷为偶联剂，制备了一种新型极性脲丙基-C30（TPU-C30）反相色谱固定相。采用扫描电子显微镜、元素分析、红外光谱和热分析等对该固定相进行表征。结果表明，TPU-C30固定相已成功制备，连续制备3次固定相，其元素含量的相对偏差均小于5%，说明该合成工艺重复性良好。以不同极性、位置异构、碱性化合物为溶质探针，以传统的C18色谱柱与C30色谱柱为参比，对制备的固定相的色谱性能进行了研究。研究结果表明，TPU-C30固定相具有不同于传统C18柱、C30柱的选择性和更优的择形性，明显改善了碱性物质的峰形，其具有广阔的应用空间。     

毛细管气相色谱法同库仑法联合测定含烯汽油的烃族及芳烃组成

本文在使用填充柱色谱法与库仑法联合测定含烯汽油烃族组成的基础上,又使用涂以极性固定液的FFAP WCOT毛细柱分析了含烯汽油的饱和烃/烯烃及芳烃、芳烃单体烃的含量。通过芳烃单体烃的测定确定油品的碳数及准确扣除高沸点非芳烃组分在芳烃部分中的含量,使定量更加准确可靠。     

离子液体改性的气相色谱固定相研究

合成了哑铃型离子液体(geminal dicationic ionic liquids),与固定相OV-1混配(1∶3,m/m)后得到离子液体改性固定相,并采用静态法涂渍了柱长8m的石英毛细管色谱柱。该固定相的平均极性为90,柱效为3800塔板/米,最高使用温度240℃。改性后,固定相对芳香位置异构体的选择性得到增强,对芳香胺、多环芳烃、醇类、酯类等的混合物均具有较好的分离选择性。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定工业用丙烯腈中乙腈、丙酮、丙烯醛的含量

采用气相色谱法,色谱柱为FFAP键合固定相石英弹性毛细管色谱柱(50 m×0.32 mm,0.53μm),柱温54℃,载气线速15 cm/s,测定工业用丙烯腈中乙腈、丙酮、丙烯醛的含量,回收率和RSD满足分析要求.     

用~(60)Co γ射线辐射交联氰基聚硅氧烷玻璃毛细管柱的研究

聚硅氧烷类固定液具有耐高温、极性范围宽和选择性好的特点,因而在气相色谱分析中被广泛应用。在非极性聚硅氧烷固定液和极性固定液聚乙二醇交联柱研究基础上对具有较强极性的甲基β-氰乙基(25％)乙烯基(1％)聚硅氧烷在~(60)Co γ射线辐射条件下的交联进行了研究,获得柱子的交联度达     

离子液体/纤维素混配固定相分离性能研究

将丁基修饰的纤维素衍生物C-C4与离子液体键合聚硅氧烷PIL-C12-NTf2混配制成毛细管气相色谱柱C-C4@PIL-C12,用溶剂化参数模型对比研究了此固定相与商品化极性固定相Elite-waxetr和TG-17ms的作用力特征,并考察了此固定相的分离选择性等性能。结果表明,此类纤维素混配柱具有较高的柱效(萘,2778 plates/m,k=6.20,100℃)和较好的耐用性。其特征作用力为氢键碱性、偶极/极化作用以及氢键酸性作用,且强度适中;对芳香异构体、取代烷烃、脂肪酸酯、正构烷烃以及邻苯二甲酸酯的分离选择性优于商品化极性柱Elite-waxetr和TG-17ms。     

双活性官能团冠醚固定相的合成及毛细管柱的研制

本项研究合成了一种新的气相色谱固定相：３－端烯丙基－不对称二苯并１４－冠－４－二羟基冠醚。其结构经元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振及质谱的数据证实。将这种固定相涂渍在弹性石英毛细管内,测定其柱效、热稳定性、平均极性及选择性。结果表明：该固定相具有良好的色谱特性,对某些极性位置异构体有着良好的选择性。     

Ionic liquid‐bonded polysiloxane as stationary phase for capillary gas chromatography

Ionic liquid (IL) stationary phase is especially suitable for separation of complex samples, owing to the “dual nature” of IL. In this study, a synthetic method of ionic liquid‐bonded polysiloxane (PSOIL) as stationary phase of GC was proposed. Then, the PSOIL was used to prepare an 8 m capillary column by static method. The column efficiency was measured to be about 4000 plates/m (k=3.55, naphthalene) after the column had been conditioned at 210°C. The durability of PSOIL column was better than that of the mixed stationary phase of IL and OV‐1. Moreover, the Abraham solvation parameter model was employed to characterize the PSOIL. The result revealed that the PSOIL had stronger dispersion force (l) than neat IL and stronger hydrogen bond basicity (a) than DB‐1. That meant the PSOIL might offer good selectivity for both polar and non‐polar analytes. The column exhibited unique selectivity for various organic substances, such as the homologous compounds of alkanes, esters, alcohols and aromatic compounds. It was also found that some aromatic positional isomers could be separated better on the PSOIL column than on the DB‐1 column. Furthermore, the stationary phase was suitable for separation of high‐boiling point compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phthalic esters, etc. All of these demonstrated that the PSOIL offered good selectivity and high separation efficiency for a wide range of analytes.     

Selectivity of guanidinium ionic liquid for capillary gas chromatography

<正>A guanidinium ionic liquid,N,N,N',N'-tetrahexyl-N",N"-dimethylguanidinium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonylimide(THDMGNTf_2), was synthesized and used as stationary phase for capillary gas chromatography.In comparison with imidazolium ionic liquid stationary phase,the present new stationary phase exhibits quite different selectivity and behaves more like a low polar stationary phase.The guanidinium ionic liquid of THDMG-NTf_2 exhibited better separation of Grab test mixture than imidazolium ionic liquid of 1-octyl-3-butylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonylimide(OBIM-NTf_2).Solvation parameter model was also used to evaluate the selectivity of THDMG-NTf_2.Additionally,essential oil of Magnolia biondii Pamp was analyzed to further evaluate the selectivity of THDMG-NTf_2 for a sample of complicated components.Satisfactory separation of the essential oil was achieved on a THDMG-NTf_2 column(10 m) while using a commercial column(30 m) as reference.The present study shows that the guanidinium ionic liquid possesses novel chromatographic selectivity and has great potential for wide applications.     

基于二醛微晶纤维素功能化C18的反相/亲水色谱固定相的制备

通过十八烷基胺的氨基与二醛微晶纤维素的醛基共价键合,制备了基于二醛微晶纤维素(DMCC)官能化C₁₈的新型反相/亲水色谱固定相(C₁₈-DMCC/SiO₂),该色谱固定相被用于反相色谱(RPLC)和亲水相互作用色谱(HILIC)模式。C₁₈-DMCC/SiO₂色谱柱展现了良好的疏水选择性和芳香选择性,在反相色谱模式下可分离烷基苯和多环芳烃(PAHs)。苯胺类、酚类和糖苷类等极性化合物被用于评估该色谱柱在反相色谱模式下的极性选择性,商品C₁₈柱作对照柱,色谱评价结果令人满意。核酸碱基被用于评估C₁₈-DMCC/SiO₂色谱柱的亲水色谱性能。通过考察有机溶剂含量对分析物保留的影响,发现该新型色谱固定相具有反相/亲水色谱的典型特征。     

纤维素/聚硅氧烷离子液体混合气相色谱固定相的制备

纤维素是液相色谱中应用十分广泛的一类固定相,可是由于涂渍性能不佳,纤维素在气相色谱中的应用鲜有报道。本论文首先通过酯化反应合成了脂溶性较好的三醋酸纤维素（CTA）,然后与自制的聚硅氧烷离子液体（PIL-C12-NTf₂）混配,制备了含纤维素的气相色谱固定相（CTA@PIL-C12-NTf₂）,并涂渍了毛细管柱。其柱效为3165 plates/m（110 ℃,萘,k=4.95）。麦氏常数及溶剂化参数模型的测试结果证明,该固定相属中强极性固定相,主要作用力是氢键碱性作用和偶极作用。值得注意的是,引入纤维素可明显改善三取代芳香化合物位置异构体及壬烷（C9）同分异构体的分离选择性。此外,该固定相对正构烷烃、醇、脂肪酸酯及邻苯二甲酸酯等也具有良好的分离选择性。该研究不仅初步展现了纤维素在分离选择性上的特点,而且也为探索纤维素衍生物在气相色谱中的应用提供了一条新的途径。     

Dicationic imidazolium ionic liquid modified silica as a novel reversed‐phase/anion‐exchange mixed‐mode stationary phase for high‐performance liquid chromatography

A dicationic imidazolium ionic liquid modified silica stationary phase was prepared and evaluated by reversed‐phase/anion‐exchange mixed‐mode chromatography. Model compounds (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and anilines) were separated well on the column by reversed‐phase chromatography; inorganic anions (bromate, bromide, nitrate, iodide, and thiocyanate), and organic anions (p‐aminobenzoic acid, p‐anilinesulfonic acid, sodium benzoate, pathalic acid, and salicylic acid) were also separated individually by anion‐exchange chromatography. Based on the multiple sites of the stationary phase, the column could separate 14 solutes containing the above series of analytes in one run. The dicationic imidazolium ionic liquid modified silica can interact with hydrophobic analytes by the hydrophobic C₆ chain; it can enhance selectivity to aromatic compounds by imidazolium groups; and it also provided anion‐exchange and electrostatic interactions with ionic solutes. Compared with a monocationic ionic liquid functionalized stationary phase, the new stationary phase represented enhanced selectivity owing to more interaction sites.     

聚硅氧烷键合离子液体的合成及色谱性能

提出了一种基于聚硅氧烷键合离子液体(PSOIL)的气相色谱固定相的方法, 即首先合成γ-氯丙基聚硅氧烷, 然后通过氯丙基与甲基咪唑的反应合成了聚硅氧烷负载的离子液体, 并对其色谱性能及分离选择性进行了评价.     

Characterization of a novel pyridinium bromide surface confined ionic liquid stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography under normal phase conditions via linear solvation energy relationships

Utilizing linear solvation free energy relationship methodology, a novel pyridinium bromide surface confined ionic liquid (SCIL) stationary phase was characterized under normal phase high-performance liquid chromatographic conditions. A limited set of neutral aromatic probe solutes were utilized to rapidly assess the utility of the LSER model, using mobile phases of hexane modified with 2-propanol. The excellent correlation of the global fit across the mobile phase composition range used in this study for the experimental and calculated retention values (R(2)=0.994) indicates that the LSER model is an appropriate model of characterizing this polar bonded phase under normal phase conditions. For a limited subset of compounds, retention on the pyridinium bromide SCIL stationary phase is more highly correlated with that obtained on a cyano column than on a diol column under NP conditions.     

交联极性固定相非晶硅膜改性弹性玻璃毛细管气相色谱柱的研制

交联ＦＦＡＰ极性固定相非晶硅膜改性弹性玻璃毛细管气相色谱柱是一种新柱型，具有柱效高、化学惰性好、稳定性好、抗溶剂、抗腐蚀和耐高温等性能，本文报道了该新型色谱柱的制备及其性能研究。     

Evaluation of ionic liquid stationary phases for one dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatographic analyses of fatty acids in marine biota

Ionic liquid stationary phases were tested for one dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) of fatty acid methyl esters from algae. In comparison with polyethylene glycol and cyanopropyl substituted polar stationary phases, ionic liquid stationary phases SLB-IL 82 and SLB-IL 100 showed comparable resolution, but lower column bleeding with MS detection, resulting in better sensitivity. The selectivity and polarity of the ionic liquid phases are similar to a highly polar biscyanopropyl-silicone phase (e.g. HP-88). In GC×GC, using an apolar polydimethyl siloxane×polar ionic liquid column combination, an excellent group-type separation of fatty acids with different carbon numbers and number of unsaturations was obtained, providing information that is complementary to GC-MS identification.     

Dicationic ionic liquid stationary phase for GC-MS analysis of volatile compounds in herbal plants

The seeming “dual nature” of ionic liquids (ILs) for separating both apolar and polar compounds suggests that ILs may have a great potential for complex samples like essential oils from herbal plants that contain a great variety of compounds. In the present work, a geminal dicationic IL, 1,9-di(3-vinylimidazolium)nonane bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imidate, was investigated for this purpose. To find the best way to achieve satisfactory separations simultaneously for the compounds in essential oils, the dicationic IL was used as the stationary phase for capillary gas chromatography (GC) in two ways, either in its pure state or as a mixed stationary phase with monocationic ILs and a polysiloxane diluent. Interestingly, it was found that the mixed stationary phase exhibited a much better selectivity for polar and nonpolar compounds than either the dicationic IL or the polysiloxane, suggesting that a kind of synergistic effect occurred when these stationary phases were combined in the way described. A comparison with two commercial stationary phases (polar and nonpolar) indicated that this novel mixed stationary phase behaved in a way closer to a polar stationary phase in terms of selectivity and elution order. The present work demonstrates that the mixed stationary phase is efficient and selective and can be an alternative choice for the GC analysis of samples of complex composition. Figure Divinyldiimidazolium-based ionic liquid stationary phase