Sorption–Atomic Absorption Determination of Trace Elements in Natural Waters with Dynamic Preconcentration in Electrothermal Atomizers

A sorption–atomic absorption method was proposed for the determination of ultratrace amounts of suspended and soluble forms of Ag, Cd, Bi, Pb, and Tl in natural waters using a dynamic preconcentration of these forms (separately or simultaneously) on the DETATA sorbent placed in a crucible atomizer and the subsequent direct atomic absorption analysis of the concentrate. This method is characterized by high a sensitivity and provides for the determination of elements in small volumes of unique samples. The accuracy of the determination of element species was verified by different methods in the analysis of sea and river water, atmospheric precipitation, and suspensions.     

Atomic Absorption Control of Ultimate Allowable Concentration of Elements in Meat Products without Sample Dissolution

Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin - In order to control the maximum levels of As, Cr, Pb, Cd, and Sn in meat products, it is proposed to transfer them to a suspension of 140 mg/mL and use an...     

Matrix Effect in the Determination of Impurity Elements in Iron and Its Compounds by Atomic Emission Spectrometry

Changes in analytical line intensities of some trace impurities of p and d elements in the iron oxide–graphite powder system were studied at different concentrations of iron in the system. The unfavorable effect of changes in the iron concentration on the results of analysis was revealed, and recommendations for its elimination are given.     

Zeeman Effect Electrothermal Atomic Absorption of Arsenic with Platinum as a Matrix Modifier

Abstract

Since the charring temperature of As in environmental samples can be raised to 1320°C with Pt, the sensitivity of determining As by ET-AAS is increased about 50% using Ni salt as a matrix modifier. The interference of most foreign ions is avoided, but PO^[dbnd] and SO^[tbnd] cause a depression and F^? and SiO^[dbnd] produce an enhancement of the As absorption. The method has been applied to pollution control and river sediment samples with satisfactory results.     

原子吸收光谱和原子荧光光谱法测定藤茶中微量元素含量

采用微波消解-火焰原子吸收光谱和原子荧光光谱法对藤茶中Fe、Na、Zn、Pb、Cr、Co、Ca、Mg、Cd、As等16种微量元素进行了分析测定。该测定方法的回收率在96%～101%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5%。结果表明,藤茶中富含Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、K、Na、Cr、Zn等对人体有益的微量元素,同时还含有微量的有害元素Cd、Pb、Sb,没有发现As和Hg。     

Atomic Absorption Determination of Metals in Soils Using Ultrasonic Sample Preparation

It was shown that ultrasonic treatment accelerates sample preparation of soil extracts from chernozem into different solvents by a factor of 6 to 60. These extracts are used for the atomic absorption determination of soluble species of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn. The optimum ultrasound parameters (frequency, intensity, and treatment time) were found for preparing soil extracts containing analytes in concentrations required in agrochemical procedures. Different extractants used to extract soluble heavy metals from soils of a standard chernozem type in agrochemical procedures using ultrasonic treatment were classified in accordance with the element nature.     

原子吸收光谱法测定粽叶中微量元素

用火焰原子吸收光谱法直接测定了粽叶中Fe、Cu、Zn、K、Ca、Na 6种微量元素的含量。结果表明,粽叶中含有丰富的人体必需微量元素。该法简单、准确,回收率在95.0%~105.0%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于2.68%,结果令人满意。     

石墨炉原子吸收中铜、锌基体的背景吸收影响

研究了石墨炉原子吸收中铜、锌氯化物和硝酸盐的背景吸收影响。背景吸收的波长特性和时间特性的研究表明,铜、锌氯化物的背景吸收比硝酸盐具有更明显的波长特性,而硝酸盐的背景吸收具有更广泛的时间分布,二者在相同的条件下,铜、锌氯化物的背景吸收较大。     

乌榄中矿质元素含量的测定

采用原子吸收分光光度法,对新鲜乌榄及腌制乌榄的果实和果仁中的钙、铁、镁、锰、钼、钠、镍、钴8种矿质元素的含量进行了测定,为乌榄的开发利用提供依据。结果表明,乌榄中含有丰富的钠、钙、镁、铁、锰、钼等人体必需的元素,有害元素钴、镍的含量较少。     

原子吸收光谱法测定胆结石中金属元素

干法灰化法处理胆结石样品,浓硝酸溶解灰化后的残渣,用原子吸收光谱法测定了溶液中铁、镁、铜、钙、钠、钾等金属元素,结果表明在选定的试验条件下,各金属元素间相互不干扰;方法的检出限均小于0.036 mg·L-1,相对标准偏差小于5.0% ,加标回收率为93.2%～109.7%.     

芦蒿中六种金属微量元素含量的测定

为给芦蒿中微量元素的检测提供科学方法。采用浓硝酸微波消解法处理样品,用火焰原子吸收分光光度法和石墨炉法对芦蒿样品中的金属元素Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Ca、Pb的含量进行了测定。结果表明,方法的加样回收率为96.80%～103.04%。该法操作简单、结果准确,是芦蒿中微量元素检测的理想方法。     

Matrix Effect in the Determination of Impurity Elements in Arsenic and Its Compounds by Atomic Emission Spectrometry with Preconcentration

It was shown that the introduction of an easily ionized admixture into a concentrate of impurity elements suppressed the effect of arsenic trapped in a graphite collector during the separation of the major component.     

提高原子吸收光谱仪测定冰雪样品的灵敏度

冰雪样品离子含量低,用原子吸收光谱测定阳离子,有些离子不能得到满意的结果,改用撞击球替代绕流器雾化,通过一系列试验对比,结果Ｃａ＾＋吸光度提高１．２倍,解决了冰雷样品离子含量低,测定难的问题。     

钯镁基体改进剂对铅,铋,锗在石墨炉中原子化影响的研究

通过原子吸收和X-射线衍射分析证明,加入钯镁基体改进剂在预热处理后对Pb、Bi和Ge三个元素分别生成金属间化合物PbPd_3、BiPd_3、Ge_9Pd_(23)和其他化合物,从而提高了最高允许灰化温度,改变了原子化机理。在原子化阶段这些金属间化合物直接分解为金属原子,结果提高测定灵敏度。     

松口蘑中微量元素的测定

采用火焰原子吸收法同时测定了松口蘑中K、Ca、Na、Mg、Fe、Pb、Cd、Co、Cr、Zn、Mn、Cu等12种元素的含量。方法的相对标准偏差在0.08％－2.32％范围,回收率在97.1%－108.3%范围。结果表明,在三种松口蘑样品中,除含有较高的K、Na、Ca、Mg和一定量的有害元素Cd、Pb外,其余6种对人体有益的微量元素较为丰富。     

表面活性剂在火焰原子吸收法中的增敏作用研究

本文研究了火焰原子吸收法测定人发中铜含量时,表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）的增敏作用.实验表明,在0.80%（V/V）HNO3存在下,0.08%（m/V）SDS可以提高吸收值约2～3倍.本法测定痕量铜的RSD≤2.1%（n=5）,回收率在88.8%～97.5%之间.     

火焰原子吸收法测定夏桑菊中的10种微量元素

本文利用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了夏桑菊冲剂中10种微量元素,研究了不同试剂及不同比例的消化液对测定结果的影响,方法回收率在98．4％～104．0％,相对标准偏差在1．5％～4．7％。结果表明,夏桑菊中对人体有益的元素Mg、Ca、Zn、Mn、Fe、Cu等含量丰富,为进一步探讨微量元素与药效的关系提供了有用的数据。