双层周期加肋有限长圆柱壳声散射精细特征研究

研究了双层周期性加肋有限长圆柱壳在水中的声散射特性. 壳体振动用薄壳理论的Donnell 方程描述,环肋振动用相互独立的薄板纯弯曲振动和平面应力状态下的振动方程描述,忽略弦间流体对环肋轴向力的作用. 数值计算给出远场收发合置情况下的周向目标强度和角度-频率谱图,并据此进行机理分析. 计算结果表明远场散射声场中除壳体弹性贡献外,弦间流体以及环肋与内外壳的相互作用对散射声场的贡献也是很重要的,并且在角度-频率谱中出现了舷间流体引起的流体附加波以及周期环肋引起的Bragg散射等回波精细特征,其中流体附加波是双层加肋圆柱壳声散射最重要的散射精细特征,是以往单层圆柱壳声散射所不具有的现象. 最后通过实验对理论推导进行了验证,实验与理论基本符合. 关键词： 声散射 圆柱壳 环肋 流体附加波     

一种多频局域共振型声子晶体板的低频带隙与减振特性

设计了一种多频局域共振型声子晶体板结构, 该结构由一薄板上附加周期性排列的多个双悬臂梁式子结构而构成. 由于多个双悬臂梁式子结构的低频振动与薄板振动的相互耦合作用, 这种局域共振型板结构可产生多个低频弯曲波带隙(禁带); 带隙频率范围内的板弯曲波会被禁止传播, 利用带隙可以实现对薄板的多个目标频率处低频减振. 本文针对这种局域共振型板结构进行了简化, 并基于平面波展开法建立了其弯曲波带隙计算理论模型; 基于该模型, 结合具体算例进行了带隙特性理论分析. 设计、制备了一种存在两个低频弯曲波带隙的局域共振型板结构样件, 通过激光扫描测振仪测试证实该结构存在两个低频带隙, 在带隙频率范围的板弯曲振动被显著衰减.     

求解水中加肋板声辐射特性的虚拟声源法*

发展一种利用虚拟声源离散声场的方法求解加肋板在水中的声振耦合问题。由波叠加原理和单元体积速度匹配的原则,根据离散的结构单元满足的动力方程和结构与介质的交界相容性条件,确定虚拟声源强度,计算结构的声辐射功率。本文以简支矩形加肋板为例,在不获得结构表面振速和声压的情况下,计算了结构在水中的声辐射功率,并与解析方法计算的结果进行了比较,表明了该方法具有较好的计算精度。     

一维黏弹性声子晶体的色散与耗散关系

基于运动方程和广义麦克斯韦本构,推导了一维黏弹性局域共振型和布拉格散射型声子晶体的色散与耗散关系。结果表明:对于时间谐波传播问题,这两种声子晶体的色散关系中均不存在禁带,波的衰减完全依赖于黏性耗散和周期性调制,且周期性调制会增强这种耗散作用;相反,对于自由波传播问题,两种声子晶体的色散关系中均存在禁带,但在禁带之外,波的衰减仍需借助于黏性耗散和周期性调制。研究结果对于由高分子材料构成的层状复合材料中的应力波传播研究具有一定的意义。     

Acoustic reflection of rib-stiffened double plates coated with a viscoelastic layer

To predict sound-absorbing performance of anechoic materials,the acoustic reflection problem of a viscoelastic layer backed with periodically rib-stiffened infinite double plates is studied in this paper.The reason why structural theories of plates are not applicable to viscoelastic plates is explained through comparing dispersion and attenuation curves of flexural waves with those of Lamb waves.As a result,（visco-）elastic theory is adopted to deal with（visco-）elastic plates,and ribs are treated by structural theories of plates.The coupling between ribs and plates are solved by Hull＇s method,and solution of the reflected field is obtained.The accuracy of present method is validated by comparing with the results by the structural theories of plates.The influence of a backing on the acoustic reflection of the viscoelatic layer is analyzed by computing reflection coefficients.Performances of different viscoelastic materials are evaluated by the average reflection coefficients.The computational results show that,influence of a backing on the acoustic reflection cannot be suppressed by the viscoelastic materials in low frequencies.The resonance is determined by the coupling of the fluid layer and the double plates.And ribs,which are coupled with the double plates,mainly reduce the acoustic reflection.     

敷设阻尼材料的双层圆柱壳声辐射性能分析

研究了外层壳上敷设粘弹性阻尼材料的双层壳体的振动和声辐射性能,采用经典Flugge微分算子描述壳体的运动,敷设粘弹性阻尼材料的双层壳体的粘弹性阻尼层的运动用三维Navier方程描述,将阻尼沿厚度方向的位移用泰勒展开表示,利用位移和应力的连续性边界条件建立振动方程。详细讨论了阻尼层厚度、弹性模量、损耗因子及静水压缩因子等参数对双层壳体振动和声辐射的影响,表明阻尼材料的弹性模量越高,阻尼层越薄,损耗因子越小,壳体的辐射声功率越高;对于较高频率的激励,必需考虑阻尼层质量的影响,选择密度低的阻尼材料对减振降噪有利。     

敷设阻尼材料的环肋柱壳声辐射性能分析

系统地研究了敷设阻尼材料的环肋圆柱壳振动和声辐射性能,分析了静水压力,阻尼材料的物理性能、厚度、材料损耗因子对环肋圆柱壳声辐射性能的影响,可供从事潜艇隐身技术研究的工作者参考。     

Studies on vibration of some rib-stiffened cantilever plates

An experimental study was carried out to determine the resonant mode shapes and frequencies of some rib-stiffened skew cantilever plates by holographic interferometry. The influences of varying the sweep back angle, the rib stiffness and the aspect ratio, and the effect of varying the boundary conditions at the root chord, on the frequencies and mode shapes were also investigated. Results of the above investigation and also those of a comparative study with the finite element solution obtained for some of the cases studied are presented and discussed.     

Acoustic method for obtaining the pressure reflection coefficient using a half-wave layer

This paper describes a method for obtaining the pressure reflection coefficient by using a half-wave layer. Two transducers were placed in reference liquid and test liquid respectively. The reference and test liquid were separated by the thin half-wave layer. Both transducers could operate in two modes. One acted as a transmitter and worked in pulse-echo mode, and the other operated in receiver mode. By adjusting the frequency of drive signal according to the thickness and material property of the half-wave layer, it was possible to generate the maximum interference signal of multiple waves reflected at the two interfaces of the layer. Therefore, the amplitude of reflection wave in steady-state depended only on the reflection coefficient at the interface between the half-wave layer and the test liquid. The effects of the signal-to-noise-ratio and the half-wave layer attenuation on the uncertainty characteristics of the pressure reflection coefficient were discussed. The experimental results showed high accuracy for measurement of reflection coefficient.     

Optimum thickness distribution of unconstrained viscoelastic damping layer treatments for plates

This paper concerns the optimum thickness distribution of unconstrained viscoelastic damping layer treatments for plates. The system loss factor is expressed in terms of the mechanical properties of the plate and damping layer and the layer/plate thickness ratio. Optimum distributions of the thickness ratio that maximize the system loss factor are obtained through sequential unconstrained minimization techniques. Results are presented for both simply-supported and edge-fixed rectangular plates with aspect ratios of 1·0 to 4·0. These results indicate that the system loss factor can be increased by as much as 100%, or more, by optimizing the thickness distribution of the damping treatment. Also revealed are the regions of the plate where added damping treatments are most effective.     

利用光致聚合物的真彩色反射全息图

本文用Ar~+-Kr~+激光器的红光(647.1nm)、绿光(574.5nm)和蓝光(488.0nm)分别对准全色的光致聚合物干板制作反射光栅,给出各个反射光栅的光谱透射率曲线,由此可得最小透射率随曝光量、再现波长随曝光量变化的情况.并采用Ar~+-Kr~+激光器全谱线输出和减色滤光片一次曝光成功地拍摄了真彩色反射全息图.本文还讨论了彩色反射全息图再现像的色度坐标和彩色控制.     

基于高级统计能量分析的周期加筋板振动特性研究

统计能量分析(statistical energy analysis, SEA)是复杂耦合系统中、高频动力学特性计算的有力工具. 本文以波传播理论和SEA的基本原理为基础, 研究周期加筋板中弯曲波传播特性. 分析了周期结构的频率带隙特性和加强筋对板上弯曲波的滤波特性对SEA计算结果的影响规律, 发现经典SEA由于忽视了加筋板中物理上不相邻子系统间存在的能量隧穿效应, 而导致响应预测结果产生最高近 40 dB的误差. 为了解决这一问题, 本文应用高级统计能量分析(advanced statistical energy analysis, ASEA)方法, 考虑能量在不相邻子系统间的传递、转移和转化的物理过程, 从而大幅提高子系统响应的预测精度, 将误差在大部分频段降低至小于5 dB. 设计了模拟简支边界条件的加筋板振动测试实验装置, 实验测试结果与有限元结果符合较好, 对理论模型进行了验证.     

Corrected mirror systems with double reflection

We propose objectives consisting of two mirrors with central holes for passage of a light beam. The optical layout ensures multiple reflection of rays from both mirrors. We consider several approaches to calculating the design parameters for which three and four aberrations do not occur. The objectives can be used in optical devices operating in the UV and IR regions of the spectrum. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 74, No. 2, pp. 267–270, March–April, 2007.     

Phased array focusing with guided waves in a viscoelastic coated hollow cylinder

Guided wave phased array focusing has shown many advantages in long-range pipeline inspection, such as, longer inspection distance, greater wave penetration power and higher detection resolution. Viscoelastic coatings applied to a large percentage of pipes for protection purposes created some challenges in terms of focusing feasibility and inspection ability. Previous studies were all based on bare pipe models. In this work, guided wave phased array focusing in viscoelastic coated pipes is studied for the first time. Work was carried out with both numerical and experimental methods. A three-dimensional finite element model was developed for quantitatively and systematically modeling guided waves in pipes with different viscoelastic materials. A method of transforming measured coating properties to finite element method inputs was created in order to create a physically based model of guided waves in coated pipes. Guided wave focusing possibilities in viscoelastic coated pipes and the effects from coatings were comprehensively studied afterwards. A comparison of focusing and nonfocusing inspections was also studied quantitatively in coated pipe showing that focusing increased the wave energy and consequently the inspection ability tremendously. This study provides an important base line and guidance for guided wave propagation and focusing in a real field pipeline under various coating and environmental conditions.