Development of a μLCR facility at LAMPF

It has long been recognized thatLCR could profitably be done with the high intensity surface beam at LAMPF [1]. A spectrometer has been built that is matched to the LAMPF beam characteristics. The polarization information is obtained from a downstream array of counters while side counters, containing no polarization signal, monitor the ⁺ beam. Degraders select higher energy e⁺, thereby reducing rates and required counter segmentation while maintaining information content. We apply a ramped longitudinal field in addition to the static one to average over instabilities in the ⁺ beam. This field scan allows direct interpretation of data and does not require a prior estimate of the resonance structure of a sample. Flux coils monitor the applied ramp field and eddy-current induced fields. High average rate (2×10^{7 +}/s). good stability, and the versatile field scan permitted useful data to be collected from Cu, Al(Cu), Al, Si(Al), and polycrystalline Si targets.     

QCD at finite temperature—a variational approach

We develop here a nonperturbative framework to study quantum chromodynamics (QCD) at finite temperatures using the thermofield dynamics (TFD) method of Umezawa. The methodology considered here is selfconsistent and variational. There is a dynamical generation of a magnetic gluon mass. This eliminates the infrared problems associated with perturbative QCD calculations at finite temperatures. We obtain here the thermodynamical quantities like free energy density, pressure and entropy density. We also calculate the temperature dependence of SVZ parameter . The condensate vanishes at the critical temperature in accordance with recent hot sum rule calculations. The present method gives an insight to the vacuum structure in QCD at zero temperature as well as at finite temperatures in a coordinated manner.     

Electrohydrodynamics of a Cone–Jet Flow at a High Relative Permittivity

We have proposed a new solution of the electrohydrodynamic equations describing a novel cone–jet flow structure formed at a conductive liquid meniscus in an electric field. Focusing on the liquids characterized by a high relative permittivity and using the slender body approximation, the cone–jet transition profiles and their characteristic radii are predicted in relation to the material parameters. The stable value of the cone angle is obtained using the Onsager’s principle of maximum entropy production. Three different regimes of the cone–jet flow behavior are identified depending on the relative importance of capillary, viscous and inertial stress contributions. The presented complete analytical solutions for the cone–jet transition zone and the far jet region yield several different laws of algebraic decrease for the radius, surface charge, and electric field of the jet.     

Finite-Size Scaling Theory at a Self-Dual Quantum Critical Point

The nondivergence of the generalized Gr¨uneisen ratio(GR) at a quantum critical point(QCP) has been proposed to be a universal thermodynamic signature of self-duality. We study how the Kramers–Wannier-type self-duality manifests itself in the finite-size scaling behavior of thermodynamic quantities in the quantum critical regime. While the self-duality cannot be realized as a unitary transformation in the total Hilbert space for the Hamiltonian with the periodic boundary condition, it can be imp...     

Conceptual Design of a Branch Beam Line at HIRFL

In the case of matching the parameters between the SFC and the SSC, a stripper was installed in between the beam transport line connecting the two accelerators. The singly charged beam from SFC will turn into multi-charged one when it goes through the stripper and only the most intensive charged beam particles will be transported to SSC. In order to collect the surplus beam particles with other charge states for experiment as well, a new branch beam line is designed behind the exit of the original BL1-B2 dipole. Fig.l shows the layout of the newly designed beam line (with the dashed components in the figure).     

Lattice QCD Production on a Commodity Cluster at Fermilab

Large scale QCD Monte Carlo calculations have typically been performed on either commercial supercomputers or specially built massively parallel computers such as Fermilab‘s ACPMAPS.Commodity clusters equipped with high performance networking equipment present an attractive alternative,achieving superior performance to price ratios and offering clear upgrade paths.We describe the construction and results to date of Fermilab‘s prototype production cluster,which consists of 80 dual Pentium Ⅲsystems interconnected with Myrinet networking hardware.We describe software tools and techniques we have developed for operating system installation and administration.We discuss software optimizations using the Pentium‘s built-in parallel computation facilities(SSE),Finally,we present short and long term plans for the construction of larger facilities.     

Combined heat and power generation at a sewage treatment plant—a feasibility study

This paper presents the results of a feasibility study into the utilisation of digester gas for on-site heat and power generation at a sewage treatment plant. The results show that engine based CHP systems can make better utilisation of digester gas than conventional boilers. CHP systems can offer pay-back periods of about 3 years and substantial savings over the useful life of the plant.     

Colour Conductivity of a Quark Plasma at Finite Chemical Potential

We apply non-Abelian transport theory to a low-temperature case,and discuss the colour electric dynamics of cold-dense quark matter at large chemical potential.Finally,at leading logarithmic accuracy,the colour conductivity dependence on chemical potential is obtained.     

Is there a 2++ glueball at 1410 MeV?

A glueball component of theJ ^PC =2⁺⁺ q \(\bar q\) isoscalar states is discussed within a simple mass mixing model. As the third isoscalar necessarily present in theq \(\bar q\) ?gg mixing scheme we assumeG(1410) recently claimed by ACCMOR Collaboration in the π^? p→K _s ⁰ K _s ⁰ n data. The hypothesis is found to be compatible with the available experimental data, including two-photon decay widths and radiativeJ/ψ decays.     

Quantum correlations and three body decays at a ϕ factory

The decays of neutral kaons produced in decay, K _L K _S , exhibit interesting quantum mechanical interference. The effects of this phenomenon on searches for CP violation have been previously been worked out for two body decays where the decay amplitude is a simple constant. For three body modes where the matrix element varies across the kinematically allowed region, the quantum correlations with enhance or cancel certain terms in the decay distribution. We work out the results for two interesting modes ()() and (3)(3). In the former case, the quantum correlation allows the isolation of the direct emission component of the decay, while in the latter case the intensity asymmetry can uniquely pick out the direct CP violating amplitude.Research supported in part by the National Science Foundation     

Hořava gravity and gravitons at a conformal point

Recently Hořava proposed a renormalizable gravity theory with higher derivatives by abandoning the Lorentz invariance in UV. Here, I construct the Hořava model at λ = 1/3, where a local anisotropic Weyl symmetry exists in the UV limit, in addition to the foliation-preserving diffeomorphism. By considering linear perturbations around Minkowski vacuum for the non-projectable version of the Hořava model, I show that the scalar graviton mode is completely disappeared and only the usual tensor graviton modes remain in the physical spectrum. The existence of the UV conformal symmetry is unique to the theory with the detailed balance and this may explain the importance of the detailed balance condition in quantum gravity.     

Modelling Energetic Electrons by a Kappa-Loss-Cone Distribution at Geostationary Orbit

We adopt a recently developed relativistic kappa-loss-cone （KLC） distribution to model energetic electrons energy spectra observed at the geostatlonary orbit in the storm of 3-4 November 1993. The KLU distribution is found to fit well with the observed data from four satellites during different universal times. This suggests that the electron flux obeys the power-law not only at the lower energies but also at the relativistic energies, and the KLU distribution may provide a better understanding of environments in those space plasmas where relativistic electrons are present.     

Can a Higgs boson be produced at the LHC?

A simple model is designed to simulate, by using the mean free path method, the probability of Higgs boson production at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The probability that the colliding particles could get close to a given distance with different colliding energies is discussed in this model. Calculated results imply that the probability of producing a Higgs boson is near zero according to the existing theoretical mechanism for Higgs boson production.     

Electrostatic Instabilities at High Frequency in a Plasma Shock Front

New electrostatic instabilities in the plasma shock front are reported. These instabilities are driven by the electro- static field which is caused by charge separation and the parameter gradients in a plasma shock front. The linear analysis to the high frequency branch of electrostatic instabilities has been carried out and the dispersion relations are obtained numerically. There are unstable disturbing waves in both the parallel and perpendicular directions of shock propagation. The real frequencies of both unstable waves are similar to the electron electrostatic wave, and the unstable growth rate in the parallel direction is much greater than the one in the perpendicular direction. The dependence of growth rates on the electric field and parameter gradients is also presented.     

Project for a Super Charm–Tau Factory at BINP

The construction of an electron–positron collider of the megascience class, referred to as the Super Charm–Tau Factory, is envisaged at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (Novosibirsk). The beam energy will vary between 1 and 2.5 GeV, and the peak luminosity of the machine will reach 10³⁵ cm^–2 s^–1 owing to the Crab-Waist collision scheme and to high beam currents (up to 2 A). The project provides for a longitudinal polarization of the electron beam in the collision region. The physics agenda includes in-depth studies of the c-quark and tau-lepton properties and a search for beyond-SM physics.     

Hard Photons from a Non-Equilibrated Quark-Gluon Plasma with Finite Baryon Density at a Two-Loop Level

We study hard photon production from a two-loop level （bremsstrahlung and annihilation with scattering） in a chemically equilibrating quark-gluon plasma at finite baryon density based on Jüttner distribution of partons of the system. We find that the photon yield from the two-loop level increases obviously with the increasing initial quark chemical potential.     

Bhabha versus Møller scattering as a contact-interaction analyzer at a polarized Linear Collider

We discuss electron-electron contact-interaction searches in the processes and at planned Linear Colliders run in the e ⁺ e ^- and e ^- e ^- modes with both beams longitudinally polarized. Our analysis is based on the measurement, for the two processes, of polarized differential cross sections, and allows one to simultaneously take into account the general set of electron contact-interaction couplings as independent, non-zero, parameters thus avoiding the simplifying choice of a model. We evaluate the corresponding model-independent constraints on the contact coupling constants, emphasizing the role of the available beam polarization and the complementarity, as far as the chirality of the constants is concerned, of the two processes in giving the best constraints. Received: 15 October 2002, Revised: 28 April 2003, Published online: 18 June 2003     

Development of a technique for high pressure neutron diffraction at 40 GPa with a Paris-Edinburgh press

ABSTRACT

We have developed a technique for neutron diffraction experiments at pressures up to 40?GPa using a Paris-Edinburgh press at the PLANET beamline in J-PARC. To increase the maximum accessible pressure, the diameter of the dimple for sample chamber at the top of the sintered diamond anvils is sequentially reduced from 4.0?mm to 1.0?mm. As a result, the maximum pressure increased and finally reached 40?GPa. By combining this technique with the beam optics which defines the gauge volume, diffraction patterns sufficient for full-structure refinements are obtainable at such pressures.     

ϒ production at large transverse momentum as a probe of axigluons

Large-p_T production of J/Ψ and ϒ particles is suggested as a sensitive probe of axigluons of mass less than 40 GeV at the CERN collider and 80 GeV at the Tevatron. It is shown that existing CERN collider data on large-p_T ϒ production exclude axigluon masses less than around 20 GeV. At the projected SSC, ϒ and vector toponium production at large p_T through axigluon exchange by far outweighs the QCD contribution over a vast range of axigluon and toponium masses.