B2羣与奇异粒子轻子型衰变

在超荷-电荷表象中应用B₂羣对称性讨论了基本粒子的轻子型衰变。将重子和介子分别填充在B₂羣的4维表示时,在10维(正则)表示中正好包含所有|ΔS|≤1和|ΔQ|≤1的重子流或介子流。假定弱相互作用由中间玻色子作媒介,并将它们纳入B₂羣的10维表示中,计算了包括ΔS=+ΔQ和ΔS=-ΔQ两类过程的各种奇异粒子轻子型衰变几率。结果与现有实验材料不矛盾。     

SU4群与基本粒子的对称性

从李羣的一般理论,具体地讨论了SU₄的数学处理,给出了羣的代数结构、不可约表示维数的公式、三个基本表示的明显形式及表示直积分解的主要结果。根据SU₄对称,下列基本粒子的对称模型被构成:(1)Bacry和Van Hove模型,(2)Schwinger模型,(3)正反粒子对称的坂田模型,(4)正反粒子对称的八度法模型。在这些模型中,一些与实验一致的新的结果被得到。     

SU3羣不可约表示直乘的分解

本文利用SU₃羣无穷小算子的对易关系,求出了SU₃羣的所有不可约U表示,并导出了SU₃羣的约化系数满足的方程。作为例子,我们计算了SU₃羣的(01)×(10),(11)×(10),(11)×(11),(30)×(11)的约化系数。     

双强子系统L·S表象与jj表象的物理基和对称基及其变换系数

本文给出了两种常用表象（作者称之为L·S表象与jj表象）下双强子系统物理基与对称基之间变换系数的一般表达式.对前者是两个SU_mn（?）SU_m×SU_n同位标因子乘积,后者简单就是SU_mn（?）SU_n×SU_m同位标因子.我们给出了L·S表象下的0s态六夸克系统且自旋同位旋仅取SU₂×SU₂全部变换系数.     

SU3群八重态理论和强相互作用粒子的分类

本文从分析实验出发,对SU₃羣八重态理论提出了两个补充假定:(1)同位旋T和超荷Y对质量分裂的非线性贡献与多重态的自旋宇称无关;(2)对所有一维表示与八维表示相混的情形,九个粒子构成一个可约的九维表示,用有迹的3×3矩阵代表。该矩阵的阵迹在质量公式零级项和粒子产生及衰变相互作用中都不出现。在这两假定基础上,进一步讨论了强相互作用粒子的分类,特别是标量介子和具有较高自旋超子共振态的分类,得到了某些预言,并和实验作了比较。较详细地讨论了对标量介子的预言,所得结果与实验符合。最后对分类的结果进行了讨论。     

正交基下的一些无多重性SUN SON同位标量因子的解析表达式

本文导出了一些SU_N SO_N SO_N－1按 SU_N SU_N－1 SO_N－1态展开系数.利用该系数及已知的SO_N SO_N－1同位标量因子,我们求得了SU_N SO_N关于耦合[w₁w₂0…0]×[w₃0…0]→[w₁w₂0…0]的无多重性同位标量因子的解析表达式.     

一种层子和轻子的结构模型

提出了一种亚层子模型. 层子和轻子是由rishon T和V组成的. T和V是SU_H(3)×SU_C(3)×SU_G(2)×U(1)群的多重态. 由这些多重态可以自然地得到三代层子和轻子. 在此模型中质子衰变为μ^－e⁺e⁺或e^－μ⁺μ⁺.     

衰变过程中G_2U旋态的一个经验选择定则

当同位旋粒子受到电磁作用或弱作用发生衰变时,由于这些作用导致了同位旋状态的破坏,所以常常存在一些经验的选择定则,例如 |△T|=1/2,3/2等等。如果认为基本粒子以某一二秩李群的不可约表示来分类时,便可以引入U旋的概念。对于G_2群,可以用电荷Q与U旋的z轴投影U_z分别为纵、横坐标,绘出其表示图形,如图1,图2所     

B_2羣与奇异粒子轻子型衰变

在超荷-电荷表象中应用B_2羣对称性讨论了基本粒子的轻子型衰变。将重子和介子分别填充在B_2羣的4维表示时,在10维(正则)表示中正好包含所有|ΔS|≤1和|ΔQ|≤1的重子流或介子流。假定弱相互作用由中间玻色子作媒介,并将它们纳入B_2羣的10维表示中,计算了包括ΔS=+ΔQ和ΔS=-ΔQ两类过程的各种奇异粒子轻子型衰变几率。结果与现有实验材料不矛盾。     

IBM4中的强耦合SU(3)极限

将IBM推广应用于轻核时收IBM4.本文讨论了其中的下述群链.U(36)U₆(sd)×U₆(ST) SU₃(sd)×SU₃(S)×SU₃(T) SU₃(sdS)×SU₃(T)× O₃(J)× O₃(T)的约化、典型能说与E2跃迁,并用它对sd壳的核基态进行了分类.     

THE Gs PARITY OF STRANGE MESONS AND THE SELECTION RULE IN STRONG DECAY OF RESONANCE STATE

According to SU(3) and the L-excitation Quark model, the G_s parity of strange mesons are evaluated. Suppose V-spin conservation, some selection rules in strong decay of resonance state of strange mesons are discussed.     

Octonionic Non-Abelian Gauge Theory

We have made an attempt to describe the octonion formulation of Abelian and non-Abelian gauge theory of dyons in terms of 2×2 Zorn vector matrix realization. As such, we have discussed the U(1) _e ×U(1) _m Abelian gauge theory and U(1)×SU(2) electroweak gauge theory and also the SU(2) _e ×SU(2) _m non-Abelian gauge theory in term of 2×2 Zorn vector matrix realization of split octonions. It is shown that SU(2) _e characterizes the usual theory of the Yang Mill’s field (isospin or weak interactions) due to presence of electric charge while the gauge group SU(2) _m may be related to the existence of ’t Hooft-Polyakov monopole in non-Abelian Gauge theory. Accordingly, we have obtained the manifestly covariant field equations and equations of motion.     

A model for the u-d mass difference

Extending the conditions which lead to natural symmetries we show that m_d?m_u can be made positive in an SU(2)_L × SU(2)_R × U(1) gauge model for the weak and electromagnetic interactions.     

Generation of U- and D-quark masses

The generation of quark masses from weak interactions is investigated. Finite realistic values for the u- and d-quark masses are obtained in an SU_L(4) × SU_R(4) × U(1) gauge model.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">SU</Emphasis>(3)-Instantons and <Emphasis Type="Italic">G</Emphasis><Subscript>2</Subscript>,<Emphasis Type="Italic">Spin</Emphasis>(7)-Heterotic String Solitons

Necessary and sufficient conditions to the existence of a hermitian connection with totally skew-symmetric torsion and holonomy contained in SU(3) are given. A formula for the Riemannian scalar curvature is obtained. Non-compact solution to the supergravity-type I equations of motion with non-zero flux and non-constant dilaton is found in dimension 6. Non-conformally flat non-compact solutions to the supergravity-type I equations of motion with non-zero flux and non-constant dilaton are found in dimensions 7 and 8. A Riemannian metric with holonomy contained in G₂ arises from our considerations and Hitchin’s flow equations, which seems to be new. Compact examples of SU(3),G₂ and Spin(7) instanton satisfying the anomaly cancellation conditions are presented.     

Universality in weak interactions—The cabibbo suppression

An SU₃ gauge model of weak interactions, which generates the Cabibbo suppression spontaneously and consistently, is presented. Out of the eight currents, a triplet couples to relatively light gauge bosons and satisfies the commutation relations of the SU₂-universality algebra of Gell-Mann. The other five couple to necessarily very massive gauge bosons. The leptons have a realistic mass spectrum and the (bare) quarks are massless. The theory as it stands does not encompass charm and cannot suppress strangeness changing neutral currents; both these deficiencies require a larger gauge group for their correction.     

On the structure of the irreducible representation basis for the exceptional group G2

Using the method of projection operators we have constructed the basis of the irreducible representation D

of the exceptional Lie group G₂ corresponding to the reduction of this group to the subgroup SU₃. The basis is nonorthogonal but convenient for calculations. The matrices of the generators of the group G₂ in this basis have been found. The problem of additional quantum number ω required for the complete labelling of the basis vectors is considered. For this purpose we introduce the operator ω which is cubic with respect to the generators of the group G₂ and scalar with respect to the subgroup SU₃. The matrix of this operator has been calculated in the nonorthogonal basis. This matrix has a nondegenerate spectrum of eigenvalues ω which can be used as the missing quantum number.     

Construction of grand unified models under maximal subalgebras

A construction of grand unified models of the strong, weak and electromagnetic interactions is described based on the transformation properties of the group generators under a maximal subgroup decomposition without recourse to large representation matrices or to the specific algebraic structures of some classical Lie-groups, such as the Clifford algebra associated with the orthogonal groups or the octonionic structure of the exceptional groups. To illustrate the procedure an explicit construction is given of the SU(5) model useful in the discussion of higher rank groups, of SO(10) under the maximal subalgebras SU(2)_L × SU(2)_R × SU(4)_c and SU(5) × U(1)_r and of the exceptional group E₆ under SU(3)_L × SU(3)_R × SU(3)_c and SO(10) × U(1)_t. The construction procedure can be used as well with any classical Lie-group.     

SU(4) weak currents

We suggest SU_L(4) ? U(1) as the gauge symmetry of weak and electromagnetic interactions for quartets of quarks and leptons. We analyze how the (additional) SU_L(4) weak currents (besides the SU_L(2) subgroup) could affect the weak interactions of ordinary particles, the atomic parity violation, the neutral-current neutrino reactions and the decays of the τ heavy lepton and the charmed mesons. The suppression of neutral-current parity violation in atomic experiments can be naturally incorporated in this model while at the same time the success of the Weinberg-Salam model with respect to the inclusive neutral current data is kept. The model has limited freedom and therefore many definite predictions.     

Elektromagnetische Übergänge imSU(3)-Modell

A method is developed how to calculate electromagnetic transition probabilities and selection rules forSU(3)-classified wave functions. For this purpose the transition operators of electric multipole radiation are expanded inSU(3)-tensors. The calculations are explicitly carried out forE1- andE2-radiation. ForB(E2)-values in (λ,0)-bands an analytic expression is obtained independent of the special form of the interaction. The results ofSU(3)-theory are compared with those of Hartree-Fock-calculations performed by other authors. An astonishing agreement is found.