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1.
We prove that any -additive family of sets in an absolutely Souslin metric space has a -discrete refinement provided every partial selector set for is -discrete. As a corollary we obtain that every mapping of a metric space onto an absolutely Souslin metric space, which maps -sets to -sets and has complete fibers, admits a section of the first class. The invariance of Borel and Souslin sets under mappings with complete fibers, which preserves -sets, is shown as an application of the previous result.
2.
Luis J. Alí as Abdê nago Barros Aldir Brasil Jr. 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2005,133(3):875-884
Let be a compact hypersurface with constant mean curvature immersed into the unit Euclidean sphere . In this paper we derive a sharp upper bound for the first eigenvalue of the stability operator of in terms of the mean curvature and the length of the total umbilicity tensor of the hypersurface. Moreover, we prove that this bound is achieved only for the so-called -tori in , with . This extends to the case of constant mean curvature hypersurfaces previous results given by Wu (1993) and Perdomo (2002) for minimal hypersurfaces.
3.
Vassilis Kanellopoulos 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2004,132(11):3231-3242
W. T. Gowers' theorem asserts that for every Lipschitz function and 0$">, there exists an infinite-dimensional subspace of such that the oscillation of on is at most . The proof of this theorem has been reduced by W. T. Gowers to the proof of a new Ramsey type theorem. Our aim is to present a proof of the last result.
4.
Caishi Wang Zhiyuan Huang Xiangjun Wang 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2005,133(3):891-898
Let be the canonical framework of white noise analysis over the Gel'fand triple and be the space of continuous linear operators from to . Let be a self-adjoint operator in with spectral representation . In this paper, it is proved that under appropriate conditions upon , there exists a unique linear mapping such that for each . The mapping is then naturally used to define as , where is the Dirac -function. Finally, properties of the mapping are investigated and several results are obtained.
5.
Richard Aron V. I. Gurariy J. B. Seoane 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2005,133(3):795-803
We show that there is an infinite-dimensional vector space of differentiable functions on every non-zero element of which is nowhere monotone. We also show that there is a vector space of dimension of functions every non-zero element of which is everywhere surjective.
6.
Let 1$"> be a Pisot unit. A family of sets defined by a -numeration system has been extensively studied as an atomic surface or Rauzy fractal. For the purpose of constructing a Markov partition, a domain constructed by an atomic surface has appeared in several papers. In this paper we show that the domain completely characterizes the set of purely periodic -expansions.
7.
A. Chigogidze A. Karasev M. Rø rdam 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2004,132(3):783-788
It is proved that if is a compact Hausdorff space of Lebesgue dimension , then the squaring mapping , defined by , is open if and only if . Hence the Lebesgue dimension of can be detected from openness of the squaring maps . In the case it is proved that the map , from the selfadjoint elements of a unital -algebra into its positive elements, is open if and only if is isomorphic to for some compact Hausdorff space with .
8.
Mohammed Hichem Mortad 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2005,133(2):455-464
We give classes of unbounded real-valued for which is self-adjoint on , , where is the wave operator defined on .
9.
David Schrittesser 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2007,135(4):1213-1222
-absoluteness for forcing means that for any forcing , . `` inaccessible to reals' means that for any real , . To measure the exact consistency strength of `` -absoluteness for forcing and is inaccessible to reals', we introduce a weak version of a weakly compact cardinal, namely, a (lightface) -indescribable cardinal; has this property exactly if it is inaccessible and .
10.
Cornel Pintea 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2005,133(3):923-930
In this paper we first observe that the complement of a countable closed subset of an -dimensional manifold has large -homology group. In the last section we use this information to prove that, under some topological conditions on the given manifold, certain families of fibers, in the total space of a fibration over , are not critical sets for some special real or -valued functions.
11.
Janko Marovt 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2006,134(4):1065-1075
Let be a compact Hausdorff space which satisfies the first axiom of countability, let and let , be the set of all continuous functions from to If , ,is a bijective multiplicative map, then there exist a homeomorphism and a continuous map such that for all and for all
12.
Florian Enescu 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2003,131(11):3379-3386
The notion of stability of the highest local cohomology module with respect to the Frobenius functor originates in the work of R. Hartshorne and R. Speiser. R. Fedder and K.-i. Watanabe examined this concept for isolated singularities by relating it to -rationality. The purpose of this note is to study what happens in the case of non-isolated singularities and to show how this stability concept encapsulates a few of the subtleties of tight closure theory. Our study can be seen as a generalization of the work by Fedder and Watanabe. We introduce two new ring invariants, the -stability number and the set of -stable primes. We associate to every ideal generated by a system of parameters and an ideal of multipliers denoted and obtain a family of ideals . The set is independent of and consists of finitely many prime ideals. It also equals prime ideal such that is -stable. The maximal height of such primes defines the -stability number.
13.
Jon P. Bannon 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2005,133(3):835-840
We introduce a notion of transitive family of subspaces relative to a type factor, and hence a notion of transitive family of projections in such a factor. We show that whenever is a factor of type and is generated by two self-adjoint elements, then contains a transitive family of projections. Finally, we exhibit a free transitive family of projections that generate a factor of type .
14.
Michal Misiurewicz Ana Rodrigues 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2005,133(4):1109-1118
The famous problem involves applying two maps: and to positive integers. If is even, one applies , if it is odd, one applies . The conjecture states that each trajectory of the system arrives to the periodic orbit . In this paper, instead of choosing each time which map to apply, we allow ourselves more freedom and apply both and independently of . That is, we consider the action of the free semigroup with generators and on the space of positive real numbers. We prove that this action is minimal (each trajectory is dense) and that the periodic points are dense. Moreover, we give a full characterization of the group of transformations of the real line generated by and .
15.
Stefan Friedl 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2005,133(3):647-653
Let be a number field closed under complex conjugation. Denote by the Witt group of hermitian forms over . We find full invariants for detecting non-zero elements in . This group plays an important role in topology in the work done by Casson and Gordon.
16.
Paul A. Hagelstein Roger L. Jones 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2005,133(1):185-190
Let denote the unit circle. An example of a sublinear translation-invariant operator acting on is given such that is of restricted weak type but not of weak type .
17.
Yukitoshi Hinohara Kazuyoshi Takahashi Hiroyuki Terakawa 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2005,133(3):687-692
In this paper, we show that the tensor product of -very ample and -very ample line bundles on a complete algebraic variety is -very ample.
18.
Wai Kiu Chan Joshua Daniels 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2005,133(11):3121-3131
Let be a power of an odd prime, and be the ring of polynomials over a finite field of elements. A quadratic form over is said to be regular if globally represents all polynomials that are represented by the genus of . In this paper, we study definite regular quadratic forms over . It is shown that for a fixed , there are only finitely many equivalence classes of regular definite primitive quadratic forms over , regardless of the number of variables. Characterizations of those which are universal are also given.
19.
Stefano Vidussi 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2005,133(8):2477-2481
This short note presents a simple construction of nonisotopic symplectic tori representing the same primitive homology class in the symplectic -manifold , obtained by knot surgery on the rational elliptic surface with the left-handed trefoil knot . has the simplest homotopy type among simply-connected symplectic -manifolds known to exhibit such a property.
20.
Kok Seng Chua 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2005,133(3):661-670
We introduce a family of bi-dimensional theta functions which give uniformly explicit formulae for the theta series of hermitian lattices over imaginary quadratic fields constructed from codes over and , and give an interesting geometric characterization of the theta series that arise in terms of the basic strongly modular lattice . We identify some of the hermitian lattices constructed and observe an interesting pair of nonisomorphic 3/2 dimensional codes over that give rise to isomorphic hermitian lattices when constructed at the lowest level 7 but nonisomorphic lattices at higher levels. The results show that the two alphabets and are complementary and raise the natural question as to whether there are other such complementary alphabets for codes.